A tarihi yaƙi zanen

Manyan-sikelin da almara yaƙi Genre a zanen bautarka musamman alkuki. Shi ne gaba ɗaya duqufar da yaki da kuma duk abin da alaka da shi: .. ƙasa da tẽku, fadace-fadace, kamfen, da dai sauransu Salo bambanta da farko ta high kuzarin kawo cikas, a manyan yawan adam Figures da hankali ga daki-daki, wanda ya ba da tarihi gaskiyar kome faruwa a kan zane .

Ana zargin da Genre da kuma ta ci gaba a tsakiyar zamanai

Official Department of yaƙi zanen matsayin mai zaman kanta Genre faru a cikin 16th karni, duk da haka, yin wannan a cikin shugabanci na artists a duk faɗin duniya ya fara yawa a baya. Saboda haka, tuni a kan amphorae, Bas-reliefs, ganuwar da temples na zamanin d Girka, za ka iya ganin scene na muhimmin tarihi fadace-fadace. A Roman Empire a Gabas sau da yawa wanda aka nuna sarakuna da manyan janar-janar, shugabanni a yaƙi. A wannan yanayin, da yaƙi zanen kuma hidima a matsayin tarihi dalilai.

A tsakiyar zamanai, da Genre da aka nuna a kyãwãwa, littattafai, zana rubutu, tapestries kuma ko da a kan gumaka. Ko, misali, halitta masana'anta "Carpet na Bayeux" tare da scenes daga tarihi na ci na Norman sarakunan Ingila (1073-1083 gg.), Da aka nuna a cikin photo.

Amma da gaske ban sha'awa da kuma sikelin za a iya kira wani aikin na painters na Renaissance lokaci a Italiya. Battle Genre samu da halaye, da labarun almara da kuma kuzarin kawo cikas. hukumance na shekara-shekara Countdown fara daga yanzu. A wannan hoton da fadace-fadace da aka halicce ta Piero della Francesca, Paolo Uccello, Leonardo Vinci, Michelangelo da sauransu.

18-20 karni

Wani sabon milestone a cikin ci gaban da za a iya kira da 18th karni. A wannan lokaci, a kan backdrop na yaki da samun 'yancin akwai zane-zane ta hanyar American artists, kazalika haife Rasha yaƙi zanen (engraving Zubkov A. F., zane-zane da Nikitina N., M. Lomonosov ta mosaic da sauransu. D.). Ƙarƙashin rinjayar Faransa juyin juya halin da kuma Napoleonic wars a cikin Genre na romantic shugabanci da aka kayyade mafi vividly bayyana a cikin ayyukan Delacroix, G. Vernet. A Rasha, a wannan lokaci, "blooms" nautical theme da kuma yaƙi-gida. The haske wakilan na farko ne Ayvazovskiy I. K. kuma Bogolyubov AP, na biyu - Polenov VD, Kovalevsky PO ruthlessly idon basira da kuma haifar da zane-zane da Vereschagin V. V., da suka halarci da yawa yaƙe-yaƙe da kamfen a matsayin mai sa kai .

A cikin karni na 20th tarihi yaƙi zanen da aka kafa kan bango na 'yantar da kuma zamantakewa juyin juya hali, hallakaswa yaƙe-yaƙe. Akwai sun kasance munanan canje-canje a cikin Genre, mikawa ya m ji da iyakoki. A da yawa ayyukan gano da zamantakewa, tarihi da kuma falsafa al'amurran da suka shafi, al'amurran da suka shafi yaki da zaman lafiya, farkisanci, al'ummar dan Adam. Kula da hadin kai, saboda, kamar yadda a cikin art daga cikin kasashen na gurguzu sansanin da kuma jari hujja jihohi a yaƙi Genre zane-zane da kishin da anti-farkisanci da kuma juyin juya halin Musulunci fadace-fadace, da most abubuwan tarihin da ba kawai mutane, amma kuma a duk faɗin duniya.

Battle-zanen: Features

Zanen a kan jigo na yaki da kuma Inter-da alaka da al'amurran da suka shafi tare da shi yana da wasu siffofin, ba za a iya rikita batun tare da aiki na wani salo na art. Its musamman da suka bambanta ta'allaka da wadannan:

• A sarari zanga-zanga da muhimmancin da yaƙi, ko da wani musamman tarihi lokacin, da sojan da rai, da yaki a general.
• Tafakkuri a kan canvases daga cikin mafi wurin hutawa da kuma muhimmanci lokacin da yaƙi.
• Zanga-zanga na soja ta heroism.
• Instilling kuma nurturing a ji na wajibi da kuma kishin kasa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa tarihi da kuma yaƙi Genre a zanen ne musamman kusa. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da zane-zane da aka nuna a ba kawai soja mataki, suna daura da wani musamman tarihi muhimmin taron. Sau da yawa za ka iya samun zane-zane, wanda ya nuna da rayuwa na wani soja, wani talakawa rayuwa a waje na fagen fama, amma ne a hankali alaka da yaki.

Ba tare da tsabta, da kuma labarin daga cikin shahararrun yaƙi fenta game da wannan salo na zanen ba a gani a cike. Ba abin mamaki daya daga cikin karin magana ya ce, shi ne mafi alhẽri ga sau fiye da ji game da shi sau ɗari.

Vereschagin Vasiliy Vasilevich

The sunan Rasha-yaki-zane, mai zane na karni na 19th kuma aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya matafiyi. Ya shafe kusan duk rayuwarsa tare da tafiya, soja kamfen, ciki har da Turkestan, Semirechye, India, da Caucasus, Turai da kuma Rasha. Vereshchagin sauke karatu daga Sojan Ruwa yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps, ya halarci a cikin tashin, ciki har da ci kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wani kananan Rasha sojojin, da kewaye na Samarkand, wanda aka bayar da Order of St. George na hudu mataki, wanda yake shi ne musamman alfahari da su. Game da yaki ya san ganin an, don haka shi ne ma'ana cewa a wani matsayi shi ya zama mai sadaukarwa yaƙi zanen.

A artist da nasa wahayin yaki, tare da mutuwar talakawa sojoji. A nasa canvases ya nuna, abin da yake na ainihi farashin da sarki ta burinsu a gabas ta tsakiya kamfanoni. Zane-zane, cike da musamman falsafa da kuma wani m ra'ayi wajen yaki sun sau da yawa cikin hanyar da hukunci na sarki, da ayarinsa. Mafi shahara aiki, "The Apotheosis na War" (na uku photo), "Napoleon a Rasha" (hoton sama), Turkestan da Balkan jerin, "Kafin harin. Plevna ".

Rubo Frants Alekseevich

Name F. A. Rubo saba wa kowa da kowa daga kwararru zuwa koyo. Shi ne ya kafa na Rasha makaranta na panoramic zanen da marubucin kan ɗari biyu zane-zane, ciki har da uku daga cikin mafi monumental "Battle of Borodino", "Tsaro na Sevastopol" (hoton sama) da kuma "Storm aul Ahulgo". Ya zo daga wani iyali na Faransa m wanda ya zaunar a Odessa. Tun 1903 da artist aiki a matsayin shugaban da zaman da St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, yayin da kiyaye title of farfesa. Daga cikin dalibansa ya Helenawa MB A Hauwa'u na juyin juya halin a Rasha a 1912 Roubaud karshe koma Jamus. Duk da haka, rayuwa ba da a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, manyan umarni, da suke zaune a kusa da cikakken abu wulakantacce.

Grekov Mitrofan Borisovich

Battle fenta, wanda ya Rasha-Cossack asalin, haife shi a Rostov yankin, shi ne ya kafa na Genre a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Invaluable kwarewa da ya samu a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, sa'an nan na Civil. A wannan lokaci ya yi da babban yawan thematic almara. Ya yaƙi zanen da aka gabatar da irin wannan fina-finan a matsayin "Tachanka" (hoton da ke ƙasa), "daskararre Cossacks Janar Pavlov", "Ku yãƙe da Egorlykskaya", "busa na farko sojojin doki," kamar yadda ya jagoranci aikin a kan panorama "Storm na Perekop" a 1934

Zauerveyd Aleksandr Ivanovich

Farfesa yaƙi zanen, sanannen Rasha da kuma Jamus artist halitta ya zane-zane a cikin farkon rabin karni na 19th, wani 'yan qasar na Courland. Ya samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi a Dresden Academy. Ko a cikin matasa ya fentin izini da Napoleon Bonaparte, da kuma a 1814 ya aka kira su zuwa St. Petersburg, Alexander Na ga rubutu canvases soja ciki, kazalika da hotuna na kayan sojoji na Rasha, sojoji. Karkashin Nicholas I, ya sanar da jawo grand shugabanninsu. Sauerweid zane-zane ne dryish wasika shi ne, ba wani manufa abun da ke ciki, amma daban-daban abin kwaikwaya. Mafi shahara aiki: "Battle of Leipzig" (photo kasa), da "Storm na sansanin soja na Varna", "Battle of Leipzig."

Villevalde Bogdan Pavlovich

Ɗan wani baƙo ne m daga Bavaria aka haife shi a Pavlovsk a 1818, da kuma shekaru ashirin da daga baya ya zama daya daga cikin almajiran Karl Briullov. Bayan samun muƙamin of artist, ya yi aiki ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma cikin Turai, tsunduma a cikin koyarwa ayyukan, ya aka bayar da Order. Villevalde zane-zane da aka nuna a Paris, Vienna, Berlin da kuma Antwerp, su kasance daidai da abubuwan da suka faru na yakin na 1812, da Yaren mutanen Poland yunkuri na 1831, da Hungarian yaƙin neman zaɓe, tashin na 1870s kuma sauran fi shahara ayyukansu a cikin Genre yaƙi zanen :. "The yaƙi idan Olszynka Grochowska, "" The feat sojojin doki rajimanti a yakin Austerlitz "," Janar Blucher da Cossacks a Bautzen "" su da aka kama a 1814. "

Peter von Hess

Bavarian kotu fenta yaƙi al'amuran da wani master of tarihi zanen Peter von Hess da aka haife shi a 1792 a Frankfurt. Kamar sauran Masters na Genre, a yaki ya san ganin an. Hess halarci yakin da Napoleon na a 1813-1814 biennium. Ya fara aikinsa da kananan almara na scenes daga rai daga cikin sojojin da kowa mutane. Bayan tafiya zuwa Girka a retinue King Otto a 1831 ya halitta jerin zane-zane da kishin gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai na Helenawa. A 1839, ya tafi zuwa Rasha da tattara abu ga halittar zane-zane izini da Nicholas I. sha biyun manyan sikelin-zane-zane da aka kishin fadace-fadace a 1812, ciki har da Battle of Borodino, Smolensk, Vyazma.

'Yan artists iya fariya yaƙi zane-zane irin wazo da abun da ke ciki kamar yadda Hess. Raba Figures ko hadaddun kungiyoyin a canvases yi cikinsa, kuma ya yi aiki daga kankantarsa, cike da wasan kwaikwayo. A mafi kyau na aikinsa - wannan ne "Battle of Austerlitz", "dan damfara Barbone, to fend kashe da Carabinieri", "Kamawa da dawakai a Wallachia", "The Battle of Worgl", "Bivouac na Austrians." A cikin hoto - hoto na yakin Smolensk.

Alphonse de Neuville

A shahararren wakilin Faransa yaƙi zanen ne Alphonse de Neuville, wanda halarta a karon da ya faru a 1859, da zanen "The bataliya shooters a kan batirin Gervais". Ya dauki bangare a cikin yaki na 1870 a karo na biyu leftana a bataliya na wayoyin salular Paris, sa'an nan a hedkwatar MDD Kaye. Ya sosai nazarin yanayin da tashin, sa'an nan ya sa su a cikin ya zane-zane.

Yadudduka Faransa master yaƙi zanen bambanta m m babbar sha'awa, da lafiya da labarun almara. Ya wuya rubuta sikelin zane-zane ta faɗa, salla zanga da sauransu., Ba baicin mutum aukuwa. Ayyukansa cike suke da motsi, shigar azzakari cikin farji da in babu zaƙi. Lokaci-lokaci daya iya tsayar funny bayanin kula, shi ne wata alama ce ta kasa da hali, da kuma sun ba kawai ba ganimar da kwarewa, amma a maimakon haka, ƙara hoto na rayuwa. Mafi shahara zane-zane, "karshe harsashi" (hoton), "The Spy", "Battle of Rorke ta gantali," "The Battle of Champigny."

Battle-zanen Rasha painters da kuma na kasashen Turai da Amurka Masters - shi ne quite wani matashi Genre cewa bayyana kanta a lokacin da na karshe 3-4 ƙarni. Shi ne mai wuce yarda da tsauri, mai haske, wani lokacin gilla idon basira. Abin da ya bayyana a sarari cewa shi ne ya fita ba daya sha'aninsu dabam. Wani bata sha'awa da-gina abun da ke ciki na daruruwan mutum Figures, da dawakai, da bindigogi, da sauran - da fasaha na jawo kankantarsa, yayin da wasu - makamashi sakon, wanda gudanar da wani hoton.