Otto Dix, expressionist fenta. Biography, kerawa, shahara zane-zane

XX karni ya ba da babbar goyon baya ga ci gaban fasaha. Wannan lokaci, fitowan da yawa sabon kwatance da kuma ra'ayoyin. Kawai a cikin karni na karshe, a karshe, ma'adanin bayyana mana ba tare da ƙuntatawa da ƙawa iya bijirar da dukan mugayen ayyukan da matsaloli a cikin rayuwar mu. Famous Jamus artists ya yi babban taimako ga duniya art. Otto Dix - daya daga cikinsu.

Biography Otto Diksa

Vilgelm Genrih Otto Dix - artist, daya daga cikin mafi talented, amma dã muminai manta. Ransa ya ba kasa m fiye da art, don haka yanzu rubuta game da shi kuma da.

Otto aka haife shi a 1891 a Jamus, inda ya rayu duk rayuwarsa. Ya kasance daga aiki iyali, amma ya ya iya zuwa Academy of Fine Arts, wadda da farko aka cika expressionism. A avant-garde art ya yi karfi ra'ayi a kan matasa artist, kuma ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don ta.

Lokacin da yakin duniya na farko, da Dix samu da yawa. Gudummuwar tafi yaki Otto Dix. The artist ya iya sa fita daga gare ta wata gaske m kwarewa. A tsawon shekaru da ya halitta game da 600 zane-zane, wanda ya nuna munin yaki. Domin wannan, kuma ya soki matasa talented mutum, bayan duk ya nuna yaki heroes, ba mutane.

A cikin sirri na artist ya kasance m: shi ne wajen farkon aure da kuma tashe biyar yara. The iyali ya ko da yaushe goyon bayan artist, ko da sã'õ'in lokacin da ikon da aka ba a karɓa.

Nasarorin da kasawa a cikin aikin na

A shekara ta 1919, ya zama kafa na Dresden ballewa. A 1823 da ya sana'anta da sukan batsa Otto Dix. Artist sa'a ɗauka da sauƙi kamar yadda ya tsaya up for kansa shugaban Academy. Duk da haka, Dix aka gane da jama'a na artists, wani farfesa a Dresden Academy of Arts, kuma memba na Prussian Academy a Berlin. Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan artists kafin Nazis zo da wuta.

A shekara ta 1933, Otto aka cire daga Dresden Academy, da aka haramta nuna masa zane-zane. Duk da haka, da artist ba ya bar kasar. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Dix aka ma kira zuwa gaba, ko da yake ya a lokacin da aka riga 53. Duk da haka, bai so a kan yãƙi, kuma nan da nan suka mika wuya zuwa ga Faransa.

Bayan da yaki, Otto sake fara nuna zane-zane, amma ba su shige cikin wani daya shugabanci a lokacin, ko da yake, da kuma samu babban alamomi. The artist rayu har 1969, kuma ko da a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bai ba ta da cinikayya.

m lokaci

Watakila, shi ne wani lokacin wuya a tantance abin da shugabanci da shi ya shafi daya ko wani aiki Dix. Za ka iya ce abu daya: expressionism da avant-garde ba a cikin aikinsa kusan ko da yaushe. Wani lokaci zuwa su gauraye da abubuwa na hakikanci ( "Kai Vertical da Muse") ko cubism ( "Mai kaya ashana").

Shugabanci na New objectivity, wanda a 20-30 shekaru. Karni na ashirin. m expressionist fenta, kama da Otto Diksa. Abokan aiki da kuma connoisseurs of art sun yaushe goyon shi. Expressionist fenta na lokaci, ko da yake rubuce a cikin wannan salo, amma ba su yi ba tare da nuna cewa an sa Otto ya tsaya fita daga gare su.

Bayan da aka dakatar da ayyukan da artist fara rubuta a kan addini batutuwa. Yana da aka a wannan lokaci, Dix Ya halitta daya daga cikin mafi girma da ya zane-zane - "7 M Zunubai".

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu Otto Dix riga watsi m art da kuma zamantakewa al'amurran da suka shafi, ci gaba, duk da haka, bi da expressionism a farkon ayyukansu. Amma, yanzu ya zane-zane da suke nuna shimfidar wurare da kuma addini batutuwa. A cikin kalmomin da artist, shi ne ba sosai sha'awar yadda ya kwatanta hoton, amma da cewa shi ne fentin da abin da ma'ana shi daukawa. Ya expressionistic zane-zane a zahiri za a kira sosai wani tunanin da suke gaske har ma ga wadanda ba kwararru.

Ɗaukakar zuwan

A lokacin da rayuwar Otto Dix ba iya samun m daraja connoisseurs. A akasin wannan, bai so da jama'a, kamar yadda ya bayyana a kan canvases rayuwa daidai kamar yadda ake. Kamar yadda artist kansa ya ce, yana so ya haifar da wani hoto na zamanin ba tare da wani ƙawa kuma son zuciya, domin wanda ya fili ƙi da Sahaban, saboda zunubansu tsaye saukar. Duk da haka, daga cikin artists ya ji dadin fitarwa. Bayan yakin duniya na II ya zane-zane da sake taso da ban sha'awa, amma soyayya na duniya, Otto ya kawai posthumously. Kawai sai muka fara magana game da shi a fadi da'irori, kuma ya shahara da aka fara zuwa girma cikin sauri.

shahara zane-zane

The saran taro na zane-zane da Otto Diksa - ne da labaru game da yaki ko cityscapes. Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan master kira da "Big City" (1827-1828). Wannan triptych nuna matalauta tituna cike da karuwai da kuma nakasa Tsohon soji. Jamhuriyar daukan hoto na zane hutu na high jama'a, wanda bai sani ba kuma ba ya tunani game da abin da ke faruwa a bayan ganuwar su yũlã bayyananniya dakunan.

Yadu da aka sani polyptych "War" (1929-1932). Ya kwatanta da sojoji, fagen fama, kuma sakamakon da suka ragu bayan yakin. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin ababuwa ayyukan New objectivity, wanda nufi a wasu sama da haihuwa canons. Otto kusantar poliptych ba ko da a kan zane, da kuma itace, kamar yadda aka aikata da olden kwanaki.

"Uwar kuma Child" (1921) ne mafi kyau nuna dukan ikon da alƙalami da marubucin. Kafin kallo yana buɗewa da hoto, a kan abin da akwai uwar da yaro. Yana alama shi ya zama bushãra, amma babu. Jikunansu maras nauyi kamarsa ba, da shanyayyu fuska, a idanunsa babu wani rai, da kuma a kan fuskõkinsu - murmushi. Otto ya sosai m hoto na wartime.

"7 M Zunubai" kwatanta da Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin, duk da haka, kamar duk master zane-zane, sake yin fa'ida da bukatun da lokaci. Saboda haka, a cikin kadan Dwarf, wanda yake zaune a kan ƙasƙancin rãyuwa tsõhuwa iya gane Hitler ba tare da wahala. Wannan hoto ya nuna a fili duk da artist ta hali zuwa sabuwar gwamnati a kasar.

Da ma'anar da zane-zane da Otto Diksa

All ayyuka suna cike da zurfin ma'anar fenta Otto Dix. Zanen, sun kai mai zurfi ma'ana, m matsalolin zamantakewa. Alal misali, a lõkacin da ya bayyana yaki, mun gani da tsoro a kan fuskokin da kuma gawawwakin lumps a ƙasa. A birane al'amuran nuna aikata laifi da kuma mãsu yin zina tsohon sojoji suka yi hasãrar rãyukansu. A tituna suna cike da karuwai, uwar kuma yaro maras nauyi kamarsa bayyana daga yunwa, rashin bege mulki a kusa da. Da cewa irin wannan su ne birni bayan rasa yaki, amma ba wanda ya so ya kula da shi, duk kokarin manta game da abin da yake kẽwayenku su. Otto kuma nemi su kama wadannan hotuna. Zai yiwu suke kõma ba sosai idon basira, amma shi ne saboda su ne mafi da kuma sa karfi da motsin zuciyarmu a cikin masu sauraro.

A rabo daga cikin zane-zane

zane-zane ta hanyar Otto Diksa rabo ya yi bakin ciki bayan da Nazis zo da wuta. Saboda haka, a 1937, 260 zane-zane ta hanyar sanannen artist aikata wa harshen wuta kamar yadda saba da kyakkyawar dabi'a. Duk da haka, ko da ba tare da kashe artist ya bar baya da yawa ayyukan art, saboda duk rayuwarsa ya aka tsunduma kawai a zanen. The tsira zane-zane iya yanzu za a gani a daban-daban gidajen tarihi a ko'ina Jamus. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa a kan nuni a cikin ma'adanar Dresden, a cikin National Gallery a Berlin da kuma sauran wurare.

Wani lokaci akwai kuma sabon hotuna, kamar yadda ya faru a shekarar 2011, a lokacin da kawai 4 fitacciyar da aka samu. Wasu ayyuka ne yanzu a zaman collections, kuma suka za a iya saya a gwanjo.

Taimako ga arts

Otto Dix - wani artist tare da babban birnin kasar wasika. Ya bayar da gudunmawar da art da kuma tarihi na babbar daraja ba abin mamaki ba ya kira kansa mai tarihin ya zamanin. An yanzu nuna godiya ga da basira Otto Diksa a dukan duniya. Ko da abin da Genre ya rubuta da kuma abin da siffa an dukkan yi da hannu na master. Otto hoto iya nishadantarwa da masu sauraro a yau.