A tarihin dinosaur. Ana zargin dinosaur

Yadda yawa asirai fraught tsoho tarihin duniya. Dinosaur - wannan shi ne daya daga cikinsu. Su yi mulki a cikin ƙasa a kan miliyan 160 years old, dating daga Triassic lokaci (game da 225 miliyan. Years ago) har zuwa karshen na Cretaceous (game da 65 da miliyan. Years da suka wuce). Yau, masana kimiyya iya sake gina bayyanar waɗannan dabbobi, da hanyar rayuwa da kuma halaye, amma da yawa tambayoyi tukuna da za a amsa. Yaya dinosaur? Don me ba su bace? Ko da yake wadannan dinosaur bace daga wannan duniya tamu ta fuskanci kusan miliyan 65 da suka wuce, tarihin dinosaur, su asalin, rayuwa da kuma kwatsam mutuwa ne na babban sha'awa ga masu bincike. Bari mu dubi babban matakai na raya kasa na dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Asalin sunan

Dinosaur yanke shawarar kira kawai rukuni na dabbobi masu rarrafe. Wannan sunan na nufin kawai ga waɗanda daga gare su wanda ya rayu a Mesozoic Era. Idan aka fassara daga Girkanci, da kalmar "dinosaur" yana nufin "m" ko "m lizard". Wannan sunan ya shiga Burtaniya Explorer Richard Owen a 1842. Saboda haka ya samarwa kiran fara gano dadaddiyar dinosaur ya haskaka su unprecedented size da kuma girma da.

A farkon zamanin da dinosaur

Kamar yadda ka sani, da dukan tarihin na duniya gargajiyance kasu kashi m zamanin. Lokaci a cikin abin da suka zauna dinosaur, yawanci dangana ga Mesozoic. Yana, bi da bi, kunshi uku lokaci: Triassic, Jurassic da kuma Cretaceous. A Mesozoic Era fara game da 225 miliyan. Shekaru da suka wuce, da kuma shi ƙare game da miliyan 70. Shekaru da suka wuce. A tarihin dinosaur fara a farkon lokaci - da Triassic. Duk da haka, mafi yadu amfani, sun samu a cikin Cretaceous.

Long kafin fitowan da dinosaur a duniya dabbobi masu rarrafe rayu. Suka duba kamar yadda ya saba zamani mutumin kadangaru da cewa suna da paws ne a tarnaƙi na jiki. Amma lokacin da xumamar duniya (miliyan 300. Years da suka wuce), daga gare su akwai wani juyin fashewa. All kungiyoyin na dabbobi masu rarrafe suka fara samar hanzari. Saboda haka akwai archosaur - shi sãɓã wa jũna daga da magabata a cewa da ƙafafunsa riga karkashin sanya jiki. Mai yiwuwa, shi ne to wannan na shekara-shekara tazara kuma shi ne fitowan da dinosaur.

dinosaur Triassic

Riga a farkon Triassic lokaci, da yawa sabon nau'in dinosaur. An yi imani da cewa sun riga koma a kan ƙafãfu biyu, saboda su gaban Ƙafafunsu guntu da yawa kasa da suka ci gaba fiye da na baya. Wannan shi ne daban-daban daga da magabata. A tarihin abin da ya faru na dinosaur ya ce daya daga cikin na farko jinsunan da aka staurikosaurus. Ya rayu game da 230 miliyan. Shekaru da suka wuce a cikin abin da aka yanzu located in Brazil.

A farkon matakai na juyin halitta akwai babban adadin sauran dabbobi masu rarrafe: etozavry, Cynodont, ornitozuhidy da sauransu. Saboda haka, dinosaur ya jimre dogon kishi kafin a sami ta alkuki da kuma babban rabo. Yana yi wa yi imani cewa sun samu wani rinjaye matsayi a kan duk sauran mazaunan duniya a karshen da Triassic lokaci. An hade da manyan sikelin-nau'i nau'i na dabbobi masu rai a duniya.

Jurassic dinosaur

By farkon da Jurassic dinosaur zama cikakken Masters na duniya. Suka zauna a kan Duniya ta surface: da duwãtsu, kuma filayen, swamps da tabkuna. A tarihin wannan zamani na dinosaur alama fitowan kuma yaduwan sabon yawa jinsunan. Kamar yadda wani misali Allosaurus, Diplodocus, Stegosaurus.

Haka kuma, wadannan kadangaru haka fundamentally daban-daban daga juna. Saboda haka, za su iya zama mabanbanta masu girma dabam, da daban-daban rayuwa. Daya daga cikin dinosaur sun dabbobi masu cin nama, wasu - gaba daya m herbivores. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin Jurassic lokaci, heyday na winged kadangaru - pterosaurs. Majestic dabbobi masu rarrafe mulki ba kawai a kan ƙasa, kuma a cikin sama, amma a cikin zurfin teku.

A dinosaur na Cretaceous lokaci

A lokacin Cretaceous lokaci, da yawan da kuma iri-iri na dinosaur peaked. A daya hannun, wasu malamai ba raba ra'ayin kwatsam kuma gagarumin karuwa a yawan masu rarrafe. A cewar su, wakilan da Triassic da Jurassic ne da yawa kasa karatu fiye da mazaunan Cretaceous.

A wannan lokacin akwai da yawa daga herbivorous dabbobi masu rarrafe. Wannan shi ne saboda zuwan duniya a manyan yawan sabon nau'in na shuke-shuke. Duk da haka, akwai yalwa da yara. Yana da dangantaka da Cretaceous aukuwa na irin wannan a san irin yadda tirannozavr. Af, ya kasance watakila daya daga cikin shahararrun dinosaur. A mafi m dukan carnivorous dabbobi masu rarrafe, ya auna zuwa takwas ton, kuma da girma iya isa 12 mita. Yana kuma da dangantaka Cretaceous bayyanar wannan nau'in da aka sani da Iguanodon da triceratops.

The m mutuwa na dinosaur

Dinosaur bace game da miliyan 65. Shekaru da suka wuce. Wannan taron ya faru a karshen da Cretaceous lokaci. Yau akwai mutane da yawa daban-daban theories game da yadda kuma me ya sa shi ya faru. Duk da haka, masana kimiyya a yanzu ba zai iya zo da wani yarjejeniya.

A musamman, shi kiwata tambayoyi da Sanadin ga mutuwar, kazalika da ko da ya kasance m ko azumi. An sani cewa shi ne daya daga cikin sassa na "babban nau'i nau'i" na lokaci. Sa'an nan da fuskar ƙasa bace, ba kawai dinosaur, amma sauran dabbobi masu rarrafe, kazalika da mollusks da kuma wasu algae. A cewar daya daga view, da "babban nau'i nau'i" da aka jawo da faduwar wani asteroid.

Sa'an nan, a cikin iska har giant ƙura girgije ya rufe rana, wata da watanni, da kuma cewa shi ne dalilin mutuwar dukan abubuwa masu rai. Wasu malamai ne na ra'ayin cewa da nisa daga Duniya ta star fashe, sakamakon a cikin dukan duniya da aka rufe m radiation for mazaunanta. Haka kuma an yadu gudanar view ne cewa dinosaur zama dadaddun a sakamakon sanyi weather, wanda ya fara a cikin marigayi Cretaceous lokaci. Duk da haka dai, masu rarrafe zamanin ƙare. Kuma kamar yadda ya faru, kimiyya yana da yet ya gano.

A tarihin nazarin dinosaur

A tarihin na dinosaur zama sha'awar mutane kwanan nan. Su nazari fara kawai a farkon karni na 19th. Wannan shi ne sun fi mayar saboda gaskiyar cewa mutane ba su sani ba da ƙasũsuwan da aka samu a cikin duniya, a matsayin dinosaur sawaye. Abin sha'awa, a zamanin da ya yi ĩmãni da cewa saura daga cikin heroes of lokacin da Trojan War.

A tsakiyar zamanai kuma har zuwa cikin karni na 19th - Refayawa suka hallaka a Ambaliya. Kawai a 1824 suka fara gano a matsayin ragowar na giant kadangaru. A 1842, British masanin kimiyya Richard Owen, zane da hankali ga babban fasali na wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe, da kuma kai su a raba suborder, kuma ba su da sunan "dinosaur". Tun daga nan, akwai wani m jari na ilmi game da su, samu sabon nau'in. Tarihi na dinosaur rayuwa zama ƙara cikakken look. Yanzu nazarin dabbobi masu rarrafe ci gaba tare da ma fi girma himma. Modern bincike asusu domin kusan dubu jinsunan dinosaur.

Dinosaur a sanannun al'adu

A art duniya ba mutane da yawa littattafan da kuma fina-finai game da wadannan kadangaru. Alal misali, suna bayyana a cikin aikin Artura Konan Doyle ta "Lost World", wanda aka baya akai-akai yin fim. A kan tushen da Michael Crichton yin fim sanannen zanen "Jurassic Park." Tarihi for kids dinosaur gabatar da taimakon da yawa majigin yara da m hoto littattafai. Daga cikin wadannan, da yaro zai iya samun su san wadannan ban mamaki dabbobi da kuma majestic.

Duk da cewa sosai lokaci ya wuce tun sa'an nan, kamar yadda surface na Duniya da dinosaur lãlãce da, tarihin asalin wadannan majestic Raptors, ga rãyuwarsu da asiri na su bacewar kuma yanzu damu game da zukatanku da tunaninku ga mutane. Duk da haka, mafi yawan su asirai, m zai kasance a amsa ba.