Addini Mongolia. Addini cibiyoyin. The yawan Mongolia

Territory, inda sama Yanã shigar da steppe, inda sarautar hamada tafiyar da raƙuma, da shanu, awaki da fari alfarwa ta nomadic makiyaya - shi ne Mongolia, a jihar wanda a heyday lashe kusan kwata na duniya. Kuma shi ne m hordes na Genghis Khan. Yanzu game da wadanda sau reminiscent na wani daji mounds excavated haka da labari na dukiya mai yawa na Great Khan.

zamani Mongolia

Modern - Mongolia ne a mulkin demokra] majalisar jumhuriya karkashin jagorancin shugaban kasar, sarrafawa girma Hural. Babban addini na Mongolia - Buddha. Harshe - Mongolian, ko da yake arewa ne sau da yawa ta yiwu su ji Sin yaruka. A kusa da dogon-tsaye tattalin arziki da siyasa da Tarayyar Soviet bayyana cewa da yawa mazauna ne m, a Rasha, kuma Kazakh harsuna. Yanzu kasar tana sake gina tattalin arzikinta, dogaro a kan dabba husbandry da kuma hakar ma'adinai. Yana gida kawai a kan mutane miliyan uku.

Mongolia da kuma addini

Traditional tsoho addini na Mongolia - addinin Buddha, da kuma idan musamman, shi ne wani Trend kamar yadda Lamaism. Furta rabin na jimlar yawan. Musulmi, 'yan Sunni, Kiristoci, mabiya shamanism sa up game da 10%.

Har 1921 Tibet imani rufe kusan 95% na Mongolian yawan jama'a. A lokacin mulkin kwaminisanci dukan addinai da aka tsananta. Halakar da gidajen ibada, ya danganta Lama sufaye a Siberia, dukan zalunci ya kai ga cewa a yau wani tsaran matasa Mongolia ya koma zuwa kansu a matsayin wadanda ba muminai (a kan 35%). Modern Mongolia yana fuskantar wata karuwa daga addini da kuma mayar da bata kaya.

Addinin Buddha a duniya

Daya daga cikin uku da manyan addinai gudanarwa a yau, a duniya, miliyan 360 mutane. Wannan shi ne addinin Buddha, da addini na Mongolia, da China, Korea, Japan, India, cikin kasashen da na Gabas da kuma Kudu maso gabashin Asia. Ko da yake shi ya fi kama da falsafa rukunan. Buddha wa'azi da ilmi na duniya ta hanyar sanin kansa - ginshikai na da hankali, da dangantakar dake tsakanin shafi tunanin mutum da kuma ta jiki majiyai. A xa'a na addini dogara ne a kan rashin cutar, da ci gaba da hikima da moderation. Sadarwa da hakan sojojin wuce Buddha ta hanyar tunani. Addini yankunan kasu kashi uku manyan rassan: Hinayana, Mahayana da Vajrayāna (Mongolian embodiment).

Duk duniya ta al'umma da mabiya addinin Buddha suka hallara a biyu manyan kungiyoyi, daya daga wanda - Asian Buddhist taron for Peace - yana da nasa hedkwatar a cikin babban birnin kasar Mongoliya,, Ulan Bator.

Features na Mongolian addinin Buddha

Tibet fassarar addinin Buddha, wanda professes da yawan jama'a na Mongolia, da aka kira "Lamaism." Wannan da ɗan canza shugabanci kafa da kanta daga cikin nomadic kabilu, wanda tun lokacin da ya yi ĩmãni da Madawwami Blue Sky, Uwar Duniya, yanayin ruhohi na duniya, wuta, dabbobi ... da ruhu na Genghis Khan - ya zama majiɓinci saint na da dukan ƙasar. Mongolia kafa addini a lokacin da addinin Buddha ke gurbata da flexibly kari da koyarwa arna motifs. A sakamakon canji da kuma karbuwa akwai wani musamman reshe na Tibet-Mongolian addinin Buddha - Lamaism. The main mayar da hankali na Vajrayana ne da nufin inganta da hankali da kuma jiki, da kasafi na psychophysical makamashi, don cimma zurfi jihohin maida hankali.

Vajrayana ruhaniya shugaban - da Dalai Lama, wanda ma'anarsa shine "a sama ba ya faru."

Addini Mongolia jan hankali

Addini gine-gine, wanda bauta a matsayin cibiyar rayuwa Lama sufaye - suna dukan kauyuka na tiered Tsarin haikalin, pagodas, tunawa gidaje. Cattle kiwo da kuma nomadic rai na zamanin d mazaunan Mongolian matakan da ya ba da gudummawar da ci gaban zaunar da zama. Kawai da maki tare da wani m matsayi zama Mongolian gidajen lama. A matsayin cibiyar sadarwa da kuma addini, sun daga baya ya juya a cikin birane da garuruwa da cibiyoyin. Wasu kasance raba tsarin. Located, yafi a kan gangara daga duwãtsu, Lama haikali gine-gine duba sosai da kyau da kuma rantsuwarsu.

Musulunci a Mongolia

Areas na yada Musulunci Khovd kuma Bayan-Ulgii - a tarihi ƙasa na shiri na Kazakhs. Tun da yake wannan al'umma al'ada Musulmi, Musulunci kuma za a iya gani a matsayin wani ɓangare na 'yan qasar addini na mangolawa. Tare da Kazakhs da'awar Musulunci ma ya zo daga Turkmenistan - Khoton. Idan Mongolian Kazakhs da mafi m ka'idodi na bangaskiyar, a Houghton kakanninmu ayyukan hajji kamar yadda diluted tare da na gida kwastan da kuma imani, ko da yake sun rike alfarma addini na kakanninmu, kuma kada ka manta da cewa su - Musulmi.

The most yawan masallatai ne daidai a mayar da hankali da Muslim yawan. The most da kuma mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu aka located in Uglie. A babban birnin kasar Mongoliya,, Ulan Bator ne ma shahara ga tsoho tarihi masallaci koma Meng. Hijira yawan gudana suna ƙara cika babban birnin kasar na Musulmi zuriyarsu; halitta su ne a cibiyar al'adu a nan ba da daɗewa ba zai bude wani Cathedral Masallaci.

Kiristanci Mongolia

Kirista al'umma a Mongolia ta bayyana a zamanin da. Muminai 'yan kasuwa da kuma sana'a da zarar zauna a wani sabon ƙasar, gina haikalin da kuma gayyace su firist. A lokacin mulkin na jam'iyyar kwaminis da aka dakatar da wani addini, ciki har da Kiristanci.

A daidai wannan lokacin na Tarurrukan na addini cibiyoyin 'yan Katolika da kuma Orthodox, da suke zaune a Mongolia mun kasance iya samun al'umma da parishes, ziyartar Ibada. Wakilai daga wannan addini - yana da mafi yawa mutane suke aiki ko don wasu dalilai kawai rayuwa a kasar.

The Katolika Ofishin Jakadancin aka wakilta hudu parishes, uku daga wanda aka located in Ulaanbaatar, daya - a birnin Darkhan. Akwai Katolika cikin Mongolia ba sosai - game da dubu mutane.

Orthodoxy a Mongolia ne ma yanzu. A babban birnin kasar, akwai Triniti Church, ya keɓe a shekarar 2009. Ikilisiyar - game da mutum ɗari da ma'aikata a cikin kusanci da Rasha, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Georgians da mutane na sauran kabilu, wanda ga Orthodox bangaskiya ne 'yan qasar.

Mongolian shamans

Shamanism a matsayin addini na Mongolia occupies wani gagarumin wuri a cikin rayuwar da mazauna yankunan. Wannan Trend daukan asalin daga bautar arna, inda daraja da abũbuwan bautãwa gina dukan sojojin yanayi da halitta mamaki. A wannan zamani Mongolian shamans da kõme ba yi da charlatanism da jahilci. Wadannan su ne real duba, wanda, ta hanyar shekaru masu yawa na aiki a kan tunaninsa da kuma jiki sun isa mafi girma kammala. Idan an musamman jihar trance, da shaman samu da ikon magana da aljannu, da kyautar waraka da kuma duba. Addini shamanism ne da nufin karfafa dangantakar da jikin mutum daga wani ruhaniya wrapper. Mongolian shamanism ne a hankali alaka Lamaism da kuma yau da m kamannuna gida exoticism. A gaskiya ma, cikin basira da kuma dabaru na shamans tsanani sha'awar bincike a fagen tunani, kuma mutum yiwuwa.

Yawan: rayuwa da kuma al'adun

Babban yawan Mongolia ne har yanzu kai a nomadic salon. Wannan ba kawai wani haraji ga halaye da kuma al'adu. Babban zama, kyale to zai ɗore, shi ne dabba husbandry. Mutane a yurts abokantaka da kuma taimakawa kowa da kowa, ko da kuwa addininsu. Yin babu mugunta da kuma juriya - Waɗannan su ne ka'idodi na addinin Buddha da kuma shamanism. Amma wani wurin bauta ba tare da ĩmãni a cikin tasiri da karfi, amma kawai daga son sani ga ziyarci al'ummai ba da shawarar. Mongolia ne sosai kula da ruhohi.