Agronomy shirin girma kayan lambu: fasali, fasaha da kuma sake dubawa

Namo dabaru ake magana da wani sa na matakan da nufin a samun high da ake samu daga noma amfanin gona. Shuka girma da kuma ci gaba da dauki wuri a ci gaba da rinjayar yanayi. Wasu yanayi na iya kallafa wadannan matakai, da sauran - don hanzarta. Wannan shi ne abin da aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi a lokacin da zayyana wani agrotechnical shirin.

Abin da takamaiman matakan da za a iya za'ayi

Ga kowane takamaiman al'adu ne yawanci ɓullo da wani raba shirin na Agronomy. Domin mafi shuke-shuke, shi ya hada da wadannan ayyukan:

• karkara. Kafin dasa wani kayan al'adu na ƙasa a filin wasa, a greenhouse ko a cikin gadaje ya kamata a kwance da kuma baje.

• Barbarar. Ga ci gaban da kuma ci gaban da tsire-tsire bukatar gina jiki. Kayan lambu da amfanin gona iya gabatar da kwayoyin da kuma ma'adinai da takin mai magani.

• Shiri na zuriya abu. Babban manufar wannan hanya ne don inganta germination da kuma rage amfanin gona cututtuka.

• Shuka da kuma dasa. A wannan yanayin, da tsaba ya kamata a lura da rarraba fasaha a cikin ƙasa (zurfin, nĩsa a tsakãninsa da tsire-tsire da sauransu.).

• Kula a lokacin da girma kakar. Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau shuke-shuke ya zama sako-sako da, sako, kuma ba shakka, ruwa.

• Girbi. Cikakke kayan lambu bukatar lokaci su tattara da kuma shirya yadda ya kamata domin ajiya.

Har ila yau, wani agro-fasaha shirin da aka ɓullo da bisa ga dokoki na canzawar daban-daban al'adu. Wannan qara yawan aiki da kuma rage cikin kudi na kamuwa da cuta cututtuka na shuke-shuke.

Ainihin fasaha na girma kayan amfanin gona,

Akwai hanyoyin da dama na shuka kula da wannan kungiya. Da farko girma kayan lambu shuke-shuke suna:

• a bude filin.

• a greenhouses da greenhouses.

Ga wanda kuma wannan al'ada za a iya amfani, da kuma ta da sauran dabara. Don girma kayan lambu a cikin greenhouses ne mafi wuya, amma shi ne mai yiwuwa a samu da ake samu a duka rani da kuma hunturu.

Yin amfani da fasaha

Yana kuma iya zama da shiri Agrotechnical shirin mechanized fasaha na namo amfanin gona, da kuma al'ada. Na biyu Hanyar yana amfani da vacationers a kan kananan kewayen birni yankunan mafi sau da yawa. A wannan yanayin, kullum kawai mechanized dasa dankali (ƙasa plowing). A gonaki mafi yawan ayyukan da suka shafi kula da tsire-tsire ne da za'ayi amfani da dabara. Wannan ya shafi, misali, hanyoyin kamar plowing, weeding, watering, hoeing, da kuma wani lokacin da ainihin girbi kanta.

Subdivided fasaha na girma shuke-shuke a matsayin m, kuma m. A farkon yanayin, da girmamawa da yake a cikin yin amfani da mafi m fasaha, inganta hanyoyin da aikin kungiyar, da sauransu. D. Zuzzurfan fasahar bukatar sama duk wani karuwa a horar da yankunan, kazalika da jawo ƙarin aiki.

kula Features

Hakika, agro-fasaha shirin ga namo na kayan lambu amfanin gona da ya kamata a kera su da nazarin halittu siffofin. Kula da shuke-shuke da aka yafi shan la'akari, to wanda musamman kungiyar suka rababbe. Kayan lambu da aka kasafta a matsayin haka:

• Rayuwar jama'a. A wannan batun, akwai daya, biyu da kuma perennial amfanin gona.

• Tare da girmamawa ga zafi. A mafi sauki hanyar ci gaba agro-fasaha shirin na Hardy al'adu. Irin shuke-shuke suna iya girma a yanayin zafi jere daga 1 digiri da kuma sauƙi gagara misãlin zuwa -10 digiri. Cold-al'ada germinate a zazzabi na 2-5 digiri. Duk da haka, wadannan kayan lambu yawanci ba sosai jure t kara fiye da 25 digiri. Heat-m shuke-shuke sa up babban ɓangare na horar da a wannan lokacin. Sun je da girma da yawan zafin jiki na 12-15 digiri. Akwai kuma zafi-resistant al'adu.

• A dangane da haske. A wannan yanayin, duk kayan lambu ya kasu kashi sosai wuya, kasa wuya da kuma undemanding.

• Tare da girmamawa ga danshi. Mafi kayan amfanin gona da bukatar m watering. Ba ma wuya ga danshi ne kawai wasu legumes, tushen kayan lambu da kuma melons.

Akwai sauran ãyõyi, kazalika da hanyoyin da rarrabuwa na kayan lambu. A cikin wani hali, da nazarin halittu halaye na shuke-shuke za a iya shafa da dalilai kamar lokacin da dasa, zabi na gargajiya, layout da sauransu. D.

amfanin gona juyawa

Agronomy shirin na amfanin gona samar a kan manyan gonaki ko a kan kananan kewayen birni yankunan kamata a kõma sama shan la'akari ciki har da periodicity na saukowa daga shuke-shuke da jinsuna daban. Alal misali, an ba da shawarar zuwa noma guda al'ada shekaru da dama a wannan wuri. Tsire-tsire cinye daban-daban na kasar gona da tara a cikin kore sassa na alama abubuwa a unequal rabbai. Saboda haka, a lokacin da girma a wuri guda na dogon lokaci daya al'ada akwai wani m? Ãr na kasar gona.

Haka ya shafi cututtuka. Kowace kungiya na shuke-shuke, akwai fi na kowa cututtuka da kuma "kansa" kwari. Domin ba tara a cikin ƙasa, misali, babban adadin na fungi spores, larvae da t. D., Kuma samar da amfanin gona juyawa.

Agronomy shirin ga namo wake

Domin cewa mai karatu zai iya samun wani na gani ra'ayin abin da noma, nan gaba koma zuwa la'akari a taƙaice, a karkashin dokokin na kula yi wake.

A jawo sama da shirin na namo wannan amfanin gona na farko dole ne a haifa tuna cewa shi ne mafi kyau shuka bayan da cucumbers, tumatir, dankali da kuma kabeji. Ba kamar Peas, wake, idan so, za a iya dasa ko da bayan legumes. Tsaba domin shuka yawanci sanya a nesa na 15-20 cm a jere da kuma 45-50 cm tsakanin layuka. By digging a kaka da shi ne kyawawa don yin superphosphate a cikin wani adadin 40 g da 1 m ^2. A matalauta ƙasa spring, kafin dasa, da kara yin wani cikakken taki (70 g / m ^2). To ciyar da wake da yawa nitrogen ba za a iya amfani da su. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙananan da ake samu.

A lokacin da girma da wannan amfanin gona ne ma muhimmanci don tsayar da fasaha na ban ruwa. Idan ka fara zuwa moisten kasar gona karkashin wake ma da wuri, da shuke-shuke iya fada kashe kwai. A lokacin rani, da wake, anã shayar ƙwauro, mafi yawa kawai a lokacin fari.

Sharhi kan hanyoyi daban-daban na girma da tsire-tsire

Ga kowane musamman kayan lambu al'adu a daban-daban sau shi an ci gaba da yawa musamman dabarun noma. Da yawa daga cikinsu an samu nasarar yi amfani da matsayin bazara mazauna a zaman kansa ƙasa, da kuma manyan-sikelin gonaki. Very mai kyau sake dubawa akwai, misali, game da girma ayyuka na kunkuntar ridges, ci gaba da Dr. Mittlaydera. Kamar yadda masu yawa gida growers, ta yin amfani iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da kusan rabi. A lokaci guda, da kuma kada da kayan lambu girma sosai manyan.

Har ila yau, mai kyau sake dubawa daga waɗanda suka tsunduma a cikin namo amfanin gona, agro-fasaha shirin da ya sanã'anta girma kayan lambu a kan Jevons. Wannan gogaggen horticulturist da shawara don amfani takin da aerobic kwayoyin cuta, da kuma shuka da shuke-shuke a cikin wani aggered hanya. A cewar wasu growers, Jevons yin amfani da fasahar iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na kayan lambu amfanin gona da kusan ninki biyu.

Hakika, akwai ba ma mai kyau sake dubawa game da dukan madaidaici fasahar na namo shuke-shuke a cikin wannan kungiya. Wasu lambu yi imani da cewa kowane irin dabara ne m kawai ga wannan yanki, to takamaiman yanayin damina da kuma iri. Irin wannan growers fi son ci gaba nasu hanyoyin da girma cucumbers, tumatir, masara, karas, beets da sauransu. D.

Yadda girma shuke-shuke a cikin wani gandun daji gandun daji

Bisa ga abin da dalilai ɓullo da wani shiri na kula da kayan lambu amfanin gona, muna samu. Sauran shuke-shuke za a iya girma a kan mafi hadaddun ko sauki fasaha. Alal misali, shirya ayyukan noma a gandun daji Nurseries aka sanya lokaci guda ga dama filayen. A irin wannan masterbatch plantation gonaki-girma seedlings na wannan shekara. Irin wannan filin da aka aza sau daya a cikin 'yan shekaru da kuma ba shi da wani juyawa. Sauran plantations suna al'ada da ake kira "makarantu". A kowane daga cikinsu za a iya girma itatuwa da kuma shrubs daban-daban jinsunan m grafting kore yankunan da sauransu. D. The kungiyar na gandun daji area kanta dole ɓullo da damar hanyoyi layout, dustproof shuke-shuke, gona gine-gine, da sauransu. D.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, mun samu tare da ku cewa wannan agro-fasaha namo shirin. Wannan shi ne da farko wani ma'ana da kuma m aikin aiwatar da iri daban-daban ayyukan da nufin samun mafi girma zai yiwu da ake samu daga kayan lambu. Akwai janar dokoki domin samar da shuke-shuke a cikin wannan kungiya. Duk da haka, domin kowane takamaiman al'adu, cikin sharuddan da nazarin halittu halaye, shi ci gaba da kansa shirin.