Aircraft saukowa kaya daga "mai tafiyan jirgin sama" da Wright yan'uwan "Ruslan"

Tun da iska ya tashi farko a jiragen sama, da ci gaba da kyautata ci gaba da jirgin sama. An ɓangare na kowane jirgin sama ne da na'urorin amfani a gare da motsi a ƙasa (ko ruwa) don tarwatsa kafin ya tashi ko bayan saukowa hanawa.

Wannan m spectacle - kalla biyu da view jirgin sama amfani da tsauraran matakan inji tsarin (shasi) hada wani jam'i na abubuwa bayan rabuwa daga titin jiragen sama saukin folded nemowa m siffar, da kuma boyewa karkashin ta bude yatsun a fuselage ko fuka-fuki.

Classic "ƙasa" jirgin sama saukowa kaya kunshi biyu main abubuwa - struts da ƙafafun, wanda kuma ake kira pneumatics. A waɗannan lokuta, idan an buƙata don ƙirƙirar wani yiwuwar ga aiki a kan ruwa ko snow cover, wasu jiragen sama samfurori hada shigarwa na sauyawa sassa a lamba tare da wurin zama surface, shi yana iya zama kayan gudun kan ko gudãna.

Har tsakiyar thirties na XX zuwa karni na duniya jirgin sama masana'antu da aka mamaye ba retractable saukowa kaya zane. Shi ne haƙĩƙa mafi aminci, amma don ƙirƙirar mafi nata irin ja, wanda ake bukata daban-daban injiniya dabaru, kamar ƙarin fairings kuma thinning profile na asali tara. A tsawon lokaci, irin wannan makirci ya fi mayar da an yi watsi da, ko da yake wasu iri da jirgin sama da ake kira "kananan" jirgin sama amfani da shi a wannan rana. An misali ne "samaniya tsira" An-2, wanda aka gina ba a gyara tun shekarar 1949.

Development of faɗa jirgin sama da ake bukata domin ƙara gudun. Sigogi, baya sanye take da tura absorbers kawai zama mafi rikitarwa, kuma ginshikai na ƙafafun da shinge a cikin jirgin sama na fuselage ko da injiniyoyi sa da wuya fasaha matsaloli, amma sakamakon da aka daraja. Il-16 jirgin sama saukowa kaya zama sauyi bayani, na farko lokacin da suka tsabtace a kan wani kasuwanci, akwai jirgin saman soja cewa ya ba mu matukan jirgi masu sa kai da damar lashe nasarori a cikin sama a yaki Spain.

Its bambancin kadan zane kashi za a iya kwatanta ta da saukowa kaya. A makirci, wanda ya karbi mafi tartsatsi a cikin zamani jirgin sama - tricycle. Ya unshi biyu main ginshiƙai da daya na biyu (mafi sau da yawa - hanci, kwakwalwa gaba har zuwa 9% na da nauyin da jirgin sama). Duk da haka, rabin karni da suka wuce, ƙarin goyan baya ne mafi sau da yawa shigar a kan wutsiya.

Wasu jirgin sama kayayyaki da kuma babban uku da ginshiƙai kuma ku ji tsõron. An zaci load idan akwai wani m saukowa (msl Il-62). Tare da karuwa a cikin Take-kashe nauyi na biyu main ginshiƙai shi ya bai isa ba. Number na tayoyin da An-124 "Ruslan" ya kai 24. Bisa ga multishelf makirci tsara da kuma jirgin sama saukowa kaya "747".

Saukowa - mafi muhimmanci lokacin a cikin dukan jirgin, ya sani cewa kowane matukin jirgi. Saboda haka, yadda za a tsara shirin da AMINCI da ga masana'antu da bukatun na saukowa kaya kayan su ne sosai high. M daidaici gami, abin da suka An kashe, samar da ikon yin tsayayya maimaita tare da wani gefe. Kuma don tabbatar da cewa yawan Take-offs ne ko da yaushe daidai da adadin landings, da kuma haifar da madadin, gaggawa ginshiƙai na shaye tsarin. Kamar idan.