"Alania" - National Park, Rasha: photo da kuma bayanin

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu so mu gaya muku game da kyau wuri Ossetia ya kira "Alania". National Park da aka kafa a 1998, da kuma taba tun da tawagar kada su gushe ba su ayyukan, da ciwon mahara kwatance.

Tarihi na Park

"Alania" - gandun halitta don adana da musamman halitta gidaje na Arewa Ossetia. Bugu da kari ga muhalli ayyuka a cikin ajiye shi ne wani aiki ilimi da kimiyya da ayyukan. Daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan da ma'aikata na shakatawa - shi ne halittar yanayi mai kyau domin yawon shakatawa da ci gaba a wannan yanki.

Da kafa wani gandun a cikin wannan yankin tãyar da akai-akai tun da hamsin hamsin. A mataki na farko dauka a cikin wannan shugabanci ya kungiyar na farko ajiye "Tseyskoe", dake a cikin Piedmont zone. Daga bisani, a matsayin kari kuma nemi gonaki da aka shirya: "Turmon", "Mahchesky", "Saur", "Zmeyskaya Nicholas", "Zamankulsky". Kuma a 1967, Arewa Ossetian Reserve (jiha) an shirya tukuna.

A da bukatar kungiyar na shakatawa da aka za'ayi quite mai yawa magana a cikin daban-daban da'irori kuma a bangarori daban-daban. Shi ne kawai dace yanke shawara a kan ta kafa da aka sa hannu a shekarar 1998. A cewar shi, "Alania" - da kasa shakatawa, wanda gudanar da bincike, da ilimi da kuma muhalli aiki. A cikin ajiye ne isasshe manyan yawan al'adu da tarihi da Monuments.

location

National Park na Rasha "Alania" is located a arewacin kafaɗar tsakiyar ɓangare na Caucasus. A duk bangarorin da shi ne kewaye da ƙasar sarkar high ridges. Za ka iya samun akwai kawai ta guda dutsen hanya, ta hanyar wucewa kwarin kanyon Ahsinta Urukh River. "Alania" - da kasa shakatawa, located in wani duwatsu yankin. A mafi tsawo ƙasarsa - 1,100 mita saman teku matakin da matsakaicin ne 4646 mita (a dutsen Uilpata). A duka yankin na ajiye ne 54926 kadada.

Kudu shakatawa kan iyaka, da Georgia a kan Main Caucasus Range, da yamma - to Kabardino-Balkan yanayi ajiye, gudanar tare da m iyaka da Arewa Ossetian Reserve.

A kan ƙasa na "Alania" an saita bambancin kariya gwamnatin dangane da tarihi, al'adu, na halitta, da tattalin arziki da sauran fasali. A wurin shakatawa ne zuwa kashi da wadannan yankunan: tattalin arziki manufa, tsaro, musamman magani, musamman kariya da kuma tsare.

yanayin damina

A cikin ciki yankunan duwatsu na Arewa Caucasus akwai wani musamman dutsen sauyin yanayi. An halin dogon sanyi winters da kuma gajeren sanyi lokacin bazaar. Bugu da kari, akwai wani a tsaye zonation da dama microclimates. A mafi girma da tsawo, da ƙananan iska zafin jiki da kuma na yanayi matsa lamba, kuma daidai da qara adadin da kudi na hazo. A yanayi na "Alania" ne temperate nahiyar. Yana aka mamaye ruwan sama a cikin bazara da kuma bazara. Spurs da kuma ridges, canyons da intermountain daruna, kazalika da hasken rana radiation muhimmanci wahalad da janar wurare dabam dabam, wadda take kaiwa zuwa da wanzuwar wani iri-iri micro-yanayin damina.

Tare da karuwa a cikin tsawo na radiation da wani talakawan na goma da cent kowane 1,000 mita.

taimako

National Park "Alania" (photo ba a cikin labarin) ne iri-irin ƙasa. Reserve duniya hadaddun tsarin kunshi ridges, wanda aka raba da kunkuntar canyons da kwaruruka dutsen koguna, overgrown woody da herbaceous ciyayi. Gandun daji rufe kawai 21% na yankunan, amma da ganye - game da 75%. A cikin ƙasa tsaye daga uku kungiyoyin na dutsen ridges, wanda mika ma a layi daya zuwa daya da juna da girmamawa ga arewa-maso-yammacin zuwa kudu-maso-gabas.

A kudu da yankin ne mafi girma daga cikinsu - da babban watershed, lullube kara zuwa gefen arewa, da kuma bayan shi - m kunya.

ajiye kogin

Urukh River shi ne babban waterway na ajiye. The most of ta aikin gandu - Nargidon, Songutidon, Bilyagidon. Kõguna suna kagaggun ciyar da glaciers. A wurin shakatawa akwai fiye da 70 da koguna da kõguna. Amma Lake Reserve sosai kananan, su ne na glacial asalin. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu: Mikelay da Fastgaskoe.

ciyayi

Mene ne ban sha'awa, "Alania" (National Park)? Description na ajiye ba zai zama cikakken idan ba a ce 'yan kalmomi game da ciyayi. Domin wannan yankin, halin high-tsawo zone. Akwai suna da kyau wakilci kowane irin dutse Pine, Juniper Woodlands, Pine kuma Birch gandun daji, Beech da hornbeam plantings, mai tsayi, kuma subalpine fadamun. A general, gandun daji rufe kusan wata biyar daga cikin ƙasa. Su rufe kusan duk gangara. Kuma a cikin kwari na alder girma. A arewacin gangara daga cikin kananan kungiyoyin girma Beech gandun daji. Amma tun suna maye gurbinsu da tsayi Birch kuma maples. A kudancin gangara an rufe tare da itacen oak da Hazel.

Sama da gandun daji bel ne subalpine fadamun a kan abin da girma hatsi: Calamagrostis trostnikovidnogo, fescue, Timothawus. A general, da Flora na shakatawa kunshi fiye da dubu irin daban-daban shuke-shuke. Ga za ka iya samun game da 200 endemic jinsunan na Caucasus, akwai kuma wadanda cewa an samu kawai a Arewa Ossetia. A ajiye akwai kawai fiye da 70 jinsin itatuwa. Amma shrubs a duwãtsu girma Juniper, barberry, buckthorn, daji ya tashi.

A wurin shakatawa akwai fiye da 130 jinsunan fungi, daga cikinsu mafi yawa boletus, fari, Aspen, russula da boletus.

"Alania" (National Park): dabbobi

A fauna na ajiye ne sosai arziki da bambance bambancen, saboda da gaban daban-daban shimfidar. A wurin shakatawa ya rubuta kawai 34 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, daga abin da ya fi ban sha'awa ne Gabas-Caucasian chamois da kuma yawon shakatawa. Amma a gauraye gandun daji ne gida ruwan kasa beyar, daji Boars da Roe barewa. The karami da yara a ajiye za a iya gani a matsayin wani fox da kuma marten. Har ila yau ermine rãyukansu, a cikin dutse scree. A m deciduous gandun daji akwai shrews.

Babu kasa mai arziki da kuma duniyar tsuntsaye na shakatawa. A cikin duka, akwai 116 jinsunan tsuntsaye, daga gare su akwai wakilan arewacin jinsunan cewa tsinkãyi nan daga taiga: bullfinch, crossbill, da mujiya, blackbird. Har ila yau, a cikin wurin shakatawa ne zuwa gida da tsuntsaye na Turai fauna, da Rum da kuma Asiya ta tsakiya. Irin wannan bambancin da jinsunan saboda da kasa halin da ake ciki na Caucasus. Yana gida da tsuntsaye, ko da wanda suka zo nan a lokacin da Ice Age da kuma kafa tun sa'an nan dama subspecies.

Amma dabbobi masu rarrafe ne ba kamar yadda yalwatacce a wurin shakatawa. Ga su zauna duk iri uku.

Ayyukan ma'aikatan

Park ma'aikata suna tsunduma ba kawai a cikin kimiyya aiki, amma kuma ilimi, da kuma wannan tsari ya shafi cikin makaranta, pre-makaranta, na biyu kuma ko da mafi girma ilimi yiwu. Don taimaka wa ma'aikatan na ajiye aka halitta, mai sa kungiyar domin kariya daga "Alania" National Park, wanda mambobin taimakawa, wajen shirya kowane irin abubuwan da suka faru da kuma ayyukan da su daukaka sani na mutane da kuma kungiyoyi da matsaloli na yankin. Don ma'aikata na ajiye akwai wani kalubale ba kawai don adana da kuma kara da Flora da fauna, amma kuma daukaka-sani ayyuka a cikin jama'a.

Abin baƙin ciki, da irin wannan babban adadin aikin ma'aikata ba zai iya iya, don haka suke kokarin auna sojojin da za su taimaki masu taimako.

halitta jan hankali

A wurin shakatawa akwai da yawa na halitta jan hankali. Don daya daga cikinsu da dangantaka gleiser Karagum, wanda yake rufe dukkan yankin na tsararru Uilpata arewa. Its yanki ne fiye da kilomita 35 square. A siffa daga cikin gleiser ne da cewa shi ya faku da kyau a kasa da dukkan Caucasian kwarin glaciers.

maimakon wani epilogue

A ziyarar da shakatawa da aka tsananin haramta wa bare. Duk da haka, gwamnatin yarda da aikace-aikace na shiryar da Tours gudanar kawai a wani yanki. Shi ne ma daraja ambaton cewa shakatawa aka located a kan iyakar, amma saboda yana da tsananin kare ko cikin sharuddan iyakar iko. A general, shi wajibi ne don jaddada m darajar cewa shi ne daga wani kimiyya ra'ayi, "Alania" (National Park). A takaice, a wani gajeren labarin ba shi yiwuwa a gaya maka yadda duniya shi ne mai arziki a ajiye, wanda iya kiranta da lu'u-lu'u Ossetia.