Santa itace: description, photos, ban sha'awa facts

A wannan labarin, za mu so ka yi magana game da abin da irin mu'jiza - da Santa itacen? Wadanda suka gani da shi a karon farko, ga alama cewa yana da wani sihiri, kamar yadda idan wani daga hikaya. Amma a gaskiya shi ne mai babbar shuka kõme ba ne fãce wani giant Sequoia.

Daga cikin tarihi na ...

Santa itacen yana da wani gigantic size, a fili da rassan kama real Santa giwa. Kananan shuke-shuke isa wani tsawo na goma mita, da kuma wasu lokutta ke tsirarwa, kuma har zuwa 110 mita. A fili, da Sequoia yana da dogon tarihi, tun lokacin da gandun daji na wadannan itatuwa wanzu a lokacin dinosaur. A waɗannan kwanaki ba da aka yada a duk faɗin duniya. Yanzu, a cikin daji sun girma ne kawai a arewacin California da kuma Sierra Nevada.

Yana da wuya a ƙayyade talakawan shekaru na giant shuke-shuke bayar da shawarar cewa su yi ba a kalla 3-4 shekara dubu, ko da yake da shekaru wasu samfurori isa ko da 13 shekara dubu.

Bayan gano Santa itace Turawa shi ya canja sunansa sau da yawa. Birtaniya botanist Lindley mai suna Wellington (a cikin girmamawa ga Duke na Wellington) shuka, da kuma jama'ar {asar Amirka sun samarwa kira Washington shuka (a cikin girmamawa Shugaba Washington). Amma waɗannan muƙamai yi a baya aka sanya wa sauran shuke-shuke, don haka a 1939, da itãciya zo da za a kira Sequoia.

Sequoiadendron giganteum: description

Sequoia nasa ne da HALITTAR na Evergreen coniferous shuke-shuke Cypress iyali. A farko ambaci wannan shuka daga Turawa Dates baya ga 1833 shekara. A halin yanzu, da Santa itace ne mafi girma a duniya. Haka kuma an kira "mahogany". A shuka yana da bluish-kore needles da kuma ja-kasa-kasa haushi wanda kauri - 60 santimita, abin da ya sa itacen resistant zuwa sanyi. Sequoia tsawo na fiye da ɗari mita, da ganga diamita a tushe ne daidai da mita 10. M nauyi na giant - ba kasa da dubu biyu tons. Wannan Evergreen shuka ke tsiro zuwa tsawo na 750 mita saman teku matakin. Tare da tekun Pacific a kan tekun na California.

Giant-sized sequoia itatuwa suna dauke su mafi m a cikin yanayi, kazalika da mafi girma rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Daga cikin su akwai game da 50 itatuwa tsayi fiye da 105 mita. Cikin tsofaffin itace yau yana da wani shekaru kimanin shekaru 3,500 da. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin kututturan wadannan Refayawa suna da nasu yanayin kasa. Yana daidai rayuwa lichens da kuma sauran kananan shuke-shuke, da dabbobi da kuma kwayoyin.

A matasa shekaru Santa bishiyoyi sosai azumi (10-20 cm a kowace shekara). Bã su da wani conical, m kambi, kuma daga baya ya zama mafi sujada, kuma gudanar high. Kamar yadda muka tsufa, rassan suna located kawai a saman da ganga. Sun harbe su ne greenish-kasa-kasa.

A adult shuke-shuke ja-kasa-kasa haushi sosai lokacin farin ciki da kuma taushi, shi ne rabu da fiber akwati. A needles suna riƙe a kan harbe har zuwa shekaru hudu. Blossoms a watan Afrilu-May.

Features Santa itãciya

Santa itacen yana mai matukar muhimmanci da katako, wanda shi ne mafi sosai prized tsakanin duwatsu tare da ja zuciya da kuma farin sap (ko kodadde rawaya). Sequoia haushi shi ne wuce yarda da m, ja da zurfi furrows a farfajiya, shi kare da shuka daga waje dalilai.

Sturdy itace Refayawa ba rot, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa mahaifarsa daga cikin itatuwan fara rushe tun da zinariya Miners da farko explorers. Yana tsira da ba rana ba fiye da 500 kofe, wanda aka kare, kuma suna dauke halitta reserves.

Sequoia ne daya daga cikin mafi tsawo a duniya. Yana iya girma fiye da shekaru 2000. Balagagge itace kai 400-500 shekaru.

Ina girma sequoia?

Idan muka magana game da inda girma Santa itace, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin Cretaceous ne Evergreen shuke-shuke da aka rarraba shi ko'ina cikin arewacin yammancin duniya. Amma yanzu kadan saura gandun daji aka kiyaye kawai a wata iyaka yankin na Arewacin Amirka. Bishiyoyi girma a ƙunƙuntaccen tsiri tare da Pacific Coast. A tsawon wannan band - ba fiye da 720 kilomita. Kuma shi ne located a tsawon 600-900 mita saman teku matakin. Sequoia (photos aka nuna a cikin labarin) ne a dire bukatar a wani gumi sauyin yanayi, da kuma haka matsakaicin nesa kan wanda shi iya motsa daga Coast - shi ne 48 kilomita rage a cikin sashi na rinjayar da m teku iska. A karkashin wasu yanayi, shi kawai ba zai iya zama.

Santa itace: Interesting Facts

Live wani auku itace sequoia bã Ya mutuwa, kuma ya ci gaba da girma ta hanyar amfani da su harbe. Idan suka m, ko wani abu su hana, sa'an nan bayan wani lokaci suka zama m itatuwa. Yawancin wadannan shuke-shuke kungiyoyin kafa kamar irin wannan hanya mai sauƙi. Kowane iyali itacen yana kafa daga saurã daga nepogibshih m. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, matasa shuke-shuke girma a kusa da tsohon dungu, forming wani da'irar. Idan muka bincika kwayoyin abu na wani mini-kurmi, za mu iya sanin cewa shi ne wannan da dungu, da kuma duk overgrown.

Santa giant yana daya fasalin - share zafi lokaci, ba kawai conifers, amma kuma duka rassan. Saboda haka ban sha'awa hanya shi reacts don zafi.

The most itatuwa da cewa sun tsira zuwa yau, suna da nasu sunayen. Saboda haka, akwai wani "General Sherman", "Uba na gandun daji", "Janar Grant" da sauransu. Santa itace "Uba gandun daji" ba ya zama, amma ci gaba da bayanin, daga abin da aka sani, da shuka kai 135 mita tsawo da diamita a tushe na gangar jikin shi ne daidai 12 mita.

Amma sequoia (photo ba a cikin labarin) "General Sherman" yana mai tsawo na game da 83 mita. An kiyasta cewa shuka yana 1,500 cubic mita kyau itace, da ganga karkara a gindi yana da wani diamita na 11 mita. Domin gudanar da irin wannan itãciya, na bukatar da abun da ke ciki na 25 kekunan shanu.

A ina zan iya ganin sequoia?

Don ganin abin da ya kama Santa itacen da ba ya bukatar tashi zuwa wani nahiyar, kawai ziyarci Nikita Botanical Gardens , a cikin Crimea (a kudancin bakin tekun). The biyu mafi girma itace girma ta 9 da kuma 7 Curtin Upper Park Arboretum. Daya kai 42,5 mita tsawo da kuma wani akwati karkara ne 610 santimita. Dukansu shuke-shuke da aka dasa a cikin 1886, da kuma nan gaba na seedlings tsaba da aka samu a 1881. Yana da wuya a kwatanta, amma a yau da itatuwa shekaru ne 136 shekaru.

itace

Kamar yadda muka ambata, Sequoia ne mai kyau katako da a lokaci guda girma quite da sauri. Saboda haka, a halin yanzu shi ne girma a cikin gandun daji. Light karfi itace, ba batun lalata, an yi amfani da ko'ina a matsayin wani gini abu da kuma joinery. Daga shi ne sanya furniture, tarho sandunan, Railway As'hab, tayal, takarda. The complete babu kamshin sa ya yiwu don amfani da shi a cikin abinci da kuma taba masana'antu. Daga shi ne sanya kwalaye da kuma lokuta for taba da kuma sigar ganga for zuma.

Bugu da ƙari kuma, redwood da kuma yin amfani da matsayin ornamental shuke-shuke, dasa a cikin gidãjen Aljanna, Parks da reserves. Yana kama a cikin kasashe da dama, ciki har da a kudu maso yammacin Turai, inda da shuka da aka tsĩrar a tsakiyar karni na 19th.

maimakon wani epilogue

Santa itacen - wani mai ban mamaki da kuma majestic shuka, ya sauko mana daga a tarihi mai nisa. Next zuwa wannan Refayawa mutum alama m kananan halitta, amma a lokaci guda, shi ne mutum tasiri sa illa effects a kan ƙarfi daga wadannan m shuke-shuke. Abin baƙin ciki, yanzu ba ƙarfin da mayar da tsohon yawan Santa itace plantations, da aiki na halin yanzu tsara - don adana da sauran tarihi shuke-shuke da kuma hana su halaka.