Aldan River, Yakutia: description, halaye da kuma wuri

A manyan sassa na yankin Yakutia, ranking a matsayin arewa na Khabarovsk Territory, gudanar da daya daga cikin mafi girma a aikin gandu na Lena River - kogi Aldan. A cewar daya daga version, fassara daga Tunguska da sunan na nufin "kifi" a kan sauran - shi ne wani Evenk kalma da kuma fassara a matsayin "gefen", da cewa shi ne, a kaikaice inflow.

labarin kasa

Asalin da kogin daukan a gefen arewa zama da kunya. Shi ne kusa da kan iyaka da Yakutia da Amur yankin. Sunã gudãna da Aldan Filato a ƙunƙuntaccen m tashar, Forms manyan yawan sills da bakin ƙofa. Daga wurin da aikin gandu na gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu a Aldan Timpton da Uchur, da kogin karya a cikin kwarin, sa'an nan gudana tare da intermountain bayyana. Ƙananan kai na da Aldan River tsãgewar ƙwãyar cikin da dama rassan, forming dogon tashoshi da yawa tsibirin. A cikin catchment yanki yana da babban yawan tabkuna (fiye da 50,000), da most of wanda aka dauke mai girma Toko.

Wannan bangare na ƙasa na kasar mu, inda kogin Aldan, yana da wani m tsanani yanayin damina. A watan Oktoba tafkunan an rufe da kankara. Shin ba togiya da Aldan - kankara a kogin kiyaye for akalla watanni bakwai, a daskare-up fara a watan Mayu.

A tsawon dukan tsawon kogin ne 2273 kilomita. By ƙara da dake kwarara ne daya daga cikin mafi girma kõguna a Rasha. Domin da Lena River ne kusan kashi daya bisa uku. Area Aldan River ne game da 730 dubu murabba'in kilomita.

hydrology

Ruwan Tsufana zamani yana daga May zuwa Yuli. A wannan lokaci, ruwan matakin yakan zuwa mita 10, ta amfani ne har zuwa 48 dubu cubic mita. m / s. Ambaliyar ruwa har yanzu faruwa a cikin lokaci daga Agusta zuwa Satumba. Winter amfani ne kananan - ba fiye da 4% annum. A kogi ne yafi ruwan sama da kuma dusar ƙanƙara. A sunadarai abun da ke ciki na ruwa-alli bicarbonate, gaban, a cikinta daga narkar da salts ba fiye da 0.3 g / l.

Aikin gandu na kogin Aldan

Ketaren kogi akwai wani tsawon 275 manyan da kananan aikin gandu, wanda jimlar tsawon shi ne nisan kilomita 10. The most ne Uchur, ta ruwa ya kwarara a bakinka ne 1350 cubic mita. m / s. Yana da wani dama tributary da Aldan 812 km dogon. Fassara daga Evenk Uchur nufin "guguwa", "bano". Kusan duk da hanyar da kogin kusan matse ta duwãtsu, don haka shi ne ma tortuous tashar.

May aka sani a matsayin wani babban kogi ne a cikin Yakutia - mai tributary na Aldan River watershed tare da fiye da 170 murabba'in mita. m. Bisa ga tsawon na kasaftawa a cikin dukan Amga, wanda gudanar kusan layi daya zuwa sama da kai na da Aldan on. Its tushe ne warwatse da pebbles, da kuma a kan babba rabo iya ganin kyakkyawan waterfalls da canyons na dutse, wanda shi ne mai tsananin kyau ga masu yawon shakatawa, kuma waɗanda suka ji dadin waje ayyuka.

Daga cikin sauran aikin gandu, wanda ciyar a kan kogin Aldan, mafi kyau da aka sani Timpton, m kafafen, Tumar, Bario, Tompo.

Flora

A tasa ne a taiga. A kasar gona cover dabam. shi yana da muhimmanci bambance-bambance a dama da hagu tarnaƙi na pool. Saboda haka, a gefen dama a kan gangara na watershed aka mamaye Mining da kuma Goltseva da permafrost podzolic ƙasa a saman kunya. A kan baranda sama da floodplain ne mafi prevalent permafrost taiga kasa.

A waɗannan wurare, inda kogin gudana Aldan, ciyayi murfin yana da wasu bambance-bambance idan aka kwatanta da sauran Tsakiya Yakut bayyana. Maimakon haka, makiyaya, steppe da kuma fadama shimfidar wurare, mamaye coniferous da deciduous gandun daji. Nau'in bishiyoyi - Pine, spruce, Birch, larch da kuma itacen al'ul wakilan. Spruce mamaye kawai a kudancin tasa. Pine gandun daji zauna kananan yankunan da gangaren fi na ridges. Har ila yau da yawa rare da miyagun shuke-shuke girma a cikin Aldan River tasa.

A watan Agusta - Satumba, yan unguwa tara mai kyau girbi namomin kaza a yankin. Suna mamaye namomin kaza, russula, Aspen.

fauna

Halittar dabba mai kafafuwa suna wakilta yafi Siberian kwãɗi, lizard. Tsuntsaye rayuwa a cikin wadannan sassa dipper, black crane, black Mallard. Kazalika da spruce takaddamarsu, Kingfisher, jay, blue-m thrush - wani tsuntsu wanda kusan ba a samu a sauran yankuna na Yakutia.

A kudancin tasa kawaici a daji reindeer, Musk barewa, voles, pika. A Elfin itacen al'ul high yawan ruwan kasa beyar, inda kogin daukan dutsen yankunan da ba su daskare in winter, ne sosai na kowa Otter.

Quite babban iri-iri na kifi ne domin ta shahara kogin Aldan. Yakutia ba tare da dalili ne mai rare baki daga anglers. A kogi ne mai arziki a cikin kifi - perch, kifi, Grayling, Siberian roach, Pike, sturgeon.

m amfani

A cikin ƙasa na kwari akwai manyan adibas na ma'adanai irin su ci, da zinariya, Mica. Aldan - mafi muhimmanci waterway, wanda ya samar da fitarwa na kayayyakin hakar ma'adinai na kamfanoni, kazalika da shigo da daban-daban kaya ga mazauna kwaminonin da kuma kamfanonin tare da kogin. Babban ginshiƙin gada - shi Khandyga kauyuka, Ust-Maya, da kuma birnin Eldikan Tommot. Fiye da 1,600 km navigable Aldan.

Da zarar waɗannan ƙasashe sun shagaltar da Dalstroi aiki sansani. Yau, da yawa na kifaye da na halitta jan hankali, wanda shi ne shahara ga kogin Aldan, jawo hankalin hankalin masu yawon bude ido da kuma masunta ne. Edge fa, tã yi ta ban mamaki unspoilt kyakkyawa da girma. Tabkuna da kuma gorges, kõguna fadowa daga cliffs, m gaba na wata babbar kogin ne m look.

labarin

An gano cewa na farko da mutum sa kafar a kan wannan ƙasa game da 40 Millennium BC. A farko mutane da suka rayu a nan ta farauta bison, mammoths, da suke zaune a lokacin da kogin kwari. Sai suka bace ga unknown dalilai, da kuma bayan 30,000 shekaru a cikin wadannan sassa zo da wani yawan cewa ya farauta reindeer da muz. A halin yanzu, a kan bankunan na kogin Aldan samu game da wani mutum ɗari shafukan na da tagulla da ƙarfe zamanai.

mararraba

Samuwa gadoji a cikin kunkuntar ɓangare na kogin ne itace dabe. A m ruwa sau da yawa canzawa daga daya banki zuwa wani ne da za'ayi ta shigo. Winter mararraba ya auku a kan kankara, da kuma Ferry bazara. Bugu da ƙari, wata m jadawalin da ba. The Ferry aiki ne kawai a lokacin da hasken rana hours, kuma a cika load. A offseason, mararraba ba a duk. Yau ƙare gina wani sabon gada a kan tarayya karauka a ketaren kogi Aldan, ta total tsawon shi ne 970 mita.