PODZOLIC gona ne ya rinjayi podsolic tsari. Its matsakaicin daukan hotuna da aka nuna a cikin coniferous gandun daji.

A nan ne ya ƙunshi dukan zama dole yanayi na ta wucewa: ruwa ja ruwa yanayin, dauki - barga-acidic, lalatattu Organic acid.

Zuriyar dabbobi wakilta yafi fiber, tannins kuma lignin, ta dauki - acidic, amma alli oxide da ya ƙunshi kasa. Yana bazu yafi fungi, kuma ta inganta cikin samuwar lalatattu fulvic acid. Bugu da kari, babba yadudduka na kasar gona da fallasa su ƙwazo wanka daga narkewa mahadi da kuma babban halakar ƙasa ma'adanai. A lokacin da wadannan matakai narke cikin kayayyakin na halaka su kuma, tare da wani acid da kuma ruwa ake tsallake kasa.

A sakamakon - tsaye baya podzolic ko eluvial sararin sama, cikinsa da low ikon kashi na shuke-shuke, sesqui oxides da aluminum da baƙin ƙarfe, silt gaɓũɓuwa, amma da yawa daga crystalline ma'adini (SiO2) da kuma amorphous silica (SiO2 • H2 Yã) to wanda wannan sararin sama da gare ta haske m launi kamã da launi na ash.

Wasu daga cikin abubuwa da aka wanke daga podsolic sararin sama da kuma zuriyar dabbobi, suna gyarawa a kasa eluvial Layer kuma samar da wata sararin sama washout - illuvial Layer. Shi yana da yawa daga lãka, kuma colloidal barbashi na baƙin ƙarfe oxides da aluminum, phosphorus mahadi da kuma wasu daga humus. A launi wannan sararin sama ne yawanci m-kasa-kasa.

A wasu adadin abubuwa wanda aka wanke daga babba kai na da subsoil ruwa da aka rasa da ƙasa profile. Saboda haka, jigon da podzolic aiwatar bayyana kanta a cikin halakar da ma'adanai saman da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wani acid dauki da m redistribution na kayayyakin da suka halaka a cikin dukan profile. Haka kuma an yi imani da cewa wannan tsari na iya faruwa a hade tare da lessivage (kau na babba ƙasa yadudduka daga lãka barbashi ba tare da lalata su tsarin).

Podzolic gona profile da wadannan tsarin: A 2 Ya + A + B + C

A O - a zuriyar dabbobi, mai kauri daga 3 - 5 santimita, wanda ya kunshi jera bazu kuma undecomposed sharan gansakuka, lichen, needles, guda na haushi da kuma kama.

A 2 - shi ne eluvial ko podzolic Layer ya whitish ko fari-m, da ciwon m rabe-platy tsarin ko baki ɗaya structureless, kauri da ba fiye da kwata na mita.

B - shi ne illuvial ja-kasa-kasa ko ruwan kasa Layer m, da ciwon prismatic ko blocky tsari, wata kauri da daya mita, shi za a iya raba subhorizons - B 1, B 2, da sauransu.

C - shi ne iyaye dutse aka wakilta kagaggun carbonate-free lãka ko baƙin yumɓu. A iyakar zuriyar dabbobi da kuma podsolic sararin sama za su iya ware Layer A 0 A 1, mai kauri daga 2 - 3 cm, kunsha na da kyau kasa na zuriyar dabbobi bazu ko canza launin abubuwa Humus babba Layer ma'adinai profile A 1 A 2.

Podzolic gona a kan kaddarorin fi karfinsu domin girma amfanin gona a kan shi. A humus sararin sama akwai kusan babu dauki - karfi da acidic (PH = 4.0-4.5), ta sha iya aiki - daga 3 zuwa 15 MG • Eq / 100 grams na gona, wanda quite kananan. Bugu da kari, podzolic kadan tare da cikakken sansanonin - daga 30 zuwa 40%.

Gina jiki kamar phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen da sauransu shi ne kuma kananan. Podsolic ƙasa structureless, iyo bayan ruwan sama form a isasshe m cake bayan bushewa. Duk wannan yana da wani mummunan sakamako a kan tsire-tsire.

Ga namo wannan ƙasar, su ya kamata a limed, yin hakan ma'aunansa na biyu Organic da ma'adinai takin. Garma podzolic kasa bukatar zurfin 24 santimita da kuma tabbatar da su magani bisa ga dokoki.