Andrei Kozyrev: biography, aikin

Andrei Kozyrev (haife Maris 27, 1951) shi ne na farko ministan harkokin wajen na Rasha a karkashin shugaba Yeltsin a watan Oktoba na shekarar 1991 zuwa Janairu 1996. Ya fara aiki a ma'aikatar harkokin waje na Tarayyar Soviet a shekara ta 1974, amma a walƙiya aiki ba shi zo iko Borisa Eltsina.

Origin da kasa

Inda ya fara rayuwa ta tafiya Kozyrev Andrei Vladimirovich? Tarihinsa ya fara a Brussels, inda ya yi aiki na dogon lokaci, mahaifinsa, aikin injiniya da kuma fasaha ma'aikatan ma'aikatun da waje cinikayya. A cewar Kozyrev kansa a hira da jaridar "New York Times" da wannan bazara, iyalinsa (watakila mahaifinsa iyaye) suka gudu daga kauye (a fili, a lokacin collectivization). Kozyrev biyu gwaggwanninku ma'aikatan Soviet Army a cikin sahu na kanar.

Game da uwarsa iya kawai zaton cewa ta, a fili, wani Bayahude, domin ya Kozyrev ne memba na Presidium na Rasha Yahudawa Congress, da kuma Yahudawa yanke shawarar kai su iyali a kan masu juna biyu gefen. Saboda haka, to, wãne Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich? Kasa da shi quite a fili bayyana kanta a gaskiyar da zaben na presidium na sama kungiyar: shi Bayahude ne. Duk da yake ya Soviet tambayoyi ko da yaushe nuna a cikin shafi "kasa", "Rasha."

shekaru nazari

Andrei Kozyrev karatu a wata na musamman Spanish makaranta, wanda ƙwarai taimake shi ya shiga da a kwalejin. Amma a farko ya bai gurin zuwa makarantar gaba da sakandare bayan makarantar sakandare, ya tafi aiki a matsayin makaniki a modal Moscow Machine-Building Shuka "Kommunar", ma'ana bayan daya shekara zuwa bauta a cikin sojojin (wannan version da ya buga daga cikin tambayoyin da mujallar "Forbes"). Amma bayan shekaru na jiki aiki na manyan al'amurra a rayuwa ya canja ƙwarai, kuma Andrew tafi zuwa ga sakataren kwamitin jam'iyyar kwaminis na sashen ga shawarwarin domin shiga kwaleji.

Wannan daftarin aiki da aka bai wa shi, kuma tare da shi mai nema ya tafi zuwa ga University of su. Patrice Lumumba, wanda ya yarda ne kawai a kan irin shawarwari. Amma yi da shi don hana samun asirin gwamnati samu a cikin shakka daga aiki a kan "Communards" (bayan duk, a cikin wannan "jami'a" yana mai yawa na kasashen waje dalibai). Duk da haka, jam'iyyar kwamitin "Communards" gyara kuskurensa da kuma tasiri a shawarwarin a kan MGIMO. Tare da ta Andrei Kozyrev a 1969 har yanzu ya zo a cikin wannan babbar jami'a da kuma nasarar kammala karatunsa a cikin shekaru biyar.

Fara dipkarery da kuma canza duniya

Bayan kammala karatunsa, Andrei Kozyrev tafi aiki a sashen kungiyoyin kasa da kasa (UMO), ma'aikatar harkokin waje, wadda ke da alhakin batutuwa da suka shafi MDD, makamai iko, ciki har da nazarin halittu da kuma makamai masu guba. Fiye da shekaru uku ya shirya da kuma kare wani taƙaitaccen labari a kan rawar da MDD a kan aiwatar da detente a cikin 70s.

A shekarar 1975, Kozyrev farko tafiya kasashen waje - a Amurka. 24-shekara Soviet jami'in diflomasiyyar abubuwan, ya ce, ainihin buga abin da ya gani akwai wani ragi. Ya zai tuna da kalmomin da Vladimir Mayakovsky: "The Soviet nasu girman kai! A cikin bourgeois duba saukar! "Amma a fili, mugun kawo cewa wannan girman kai a cikin matasa Soviet jami'an diplomasiya.

Busawa na biyu zuwa na gaba Kozyrev aka karanta wani labari Borisa Pasternaka "Doctor Zhivago". By nasa m, a wannan hirar, "Forbes", ya kasance sa'an nan "ciki DiSSiDENT kuma, frankly, anti-Soviet."

Career a cikin Soviet zamanin

Kozyrev ne da wuya sosai don motsawa sama da aiki tsani. A m aiki a kasashen waje da aka aika ba, bayan shekaru 12 da sabis, ya tashi zuwa matsayi na sashen shugaban na Ema. A sosai muhimmiyar rawa a nan gaba aiki taka leda dangantaka mai kyau tare da Eduard Shevardnadze, wanda ya zo da ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar a shekarar 1988 don maye gurbin Andrey Gromyko. A sabon ministan ya fara wani m reorganization daga cikin sashen. Lokacin da shi Kozyrev ya zama shugaban da Ema, ya maye gurbin wani mutum wanda ya yi shekaru 20 da girmi shi. A shekarar 1989, Kozyrev aka buga a mujallar "International Harkokin" kaifi labarin sukar kasashen waje da manufofin na Soviet jihar, kira ga shi ya ki tallafawa yawa na karya-kasashe-majiɓinta. Mataki na ashirin da Aka sake buga shi "New York Times", shi ya rushe a cikin Politburo. Amma Shevardnadze goyon matsayinsa.

Mukaddashin a matsayin ministan

Ta hanyar ma'aikatar kula da harkokin waje na tsohon ma'aikacin Lukin, wanda ya zama shugaban harkokin waje Relations kwamitin na majalisar na RSFSR, Kozyrev piglets tawagar shugaban Boris Yeltsin majalisar. Ya aka nada ministan harkokin waje na RSFSR. Wannan post ne zalla ado, ba kai-Russian kasashen waje da manufofin a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ba kai.

Bayan wani gaza yunkurin juyin mulki a shekarar 1991, ya kasance a cikin tawagar matasa gyãrãwa, wanda hada da Egora Gaydara da Anatoly Chubais, wanda shared tare da Kozyrev ya pro-Western Liberal Democratic akida. A Gennady Burbulis ya shirya a cikin Bialowieza Forest a watan Disamba na shekarar 1991, wani daftarin aiki a kan rushe Tarayyar Soviet da kuma CIS.

Kozyrev ya bayyana cewa, Rasha da aka ƙoƙarin yin abokin tarayya na West a cikin kunno kai post-Cold War duniya domin. Ya qaddamar da manyan yarjejeniyoyi kan makamai iko tare da Amurka. Yana kuma dauke da mutane da yawa kamar yadda daya daga cikin mafi yawan aiki magoya bayan liberalism kuma dimokuradiyya a post-kwaminisanci Rasha.

An yadu da aka sani (bisa ga Yevgeny Primakov) Kozyrev cewa Rasha ya generated kasa amfani da shi ne a bukatar taimako daga Amurka a su ci gaba. Ban hamayya da fadada NATO zuwa Gabas a farkon '90s, wanda ya kai ga kaifi adawa wa da yawa Rasha yan siyasa. Gudummawar da Rasha ta Accession ga NATO shirin "Partnership for Peace", wanda a cikin sa da gaggãwa da unprepared janye sojojin Rasha daga Jamus a shekarar 1994.

Manpower Ministan manufofin da aka zahiri da nufin rushewar da ma'aikatar harkokin waje. A lokacin da shekaru na ya jagoranci na hukumar bar fiye da 1 dubu na gwani jami'an diplomasiya.

Foreseeing ya sananne murabus, ministan cikin hikima shirya a 1995 da za ~ en da jihar Duma, sa'an nan ya tambaye Yeltsin ya yi murabus, wanda aka ba shi. Ga wasu lokaci ya yi aiki a cikin Rasha majalisar dokokin kasar, sa'an nan tsallake daga rayuwar siyasa. Amma shi iya gaba daya rasa wani sananne siyasa, Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich? Inda ya na zaune da tsohon shugaban Rasha ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar. Ya zauna a Miami. Wannan bazara, ya ba wata hira zuwa "New York Times", a cikin abin da ya bayyana fatan for wani speedy canji na siyasa a Rasha. To, ku yi jira, ka gani.

Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich: iyali da kuma na sirri rayuwa

Yau mu gwarzo sunning da kuma karanta tomes game da mulkin demokra] iyya canji a duniya. Lokaci-lokaci zo a kan wa Washington don halartar taro na American Foreign Policy Council, wanda SUPPLiES hikimar tantance bayanai zuwa 'yan Congress.

Kuma abin da a cikin iyali Kozyrev Andrei Vladimirovich? Matarsa Elena ya zarar wani ma'aikaci na ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar. Wane ne su kowa gidan. Bã su da wani mai shekaru 18 da haihuwa dan Andrew.