Anti-jirgin sama da makami mai linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi hadaddun "wuƙa": a na'urar photo

A cikin seventies, da NATO kasashe sun zama masu da dama sabunta hanyoyin anti-high-gudun makamai masu linzami, kerarre da yanzu fasahar. Sanye take da abin da ya ƙunsa shugabannin, iya tashi a wata low tsawo sama da ruwa wadannan shuke-shuke wakiltar barazana ga makiya jiragen ruwa. Don nasarar adawa da NATO high-gudun makamai masu linzami, Soviet zanen kaya ya yi anti-aircraft makamai masu linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi hadaddun "wuƙa".

Wanda aka tsunduma daga zayyana SPAR?

Design aiki a kan makamai masu linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi hadaddun "wuƙa" ya fara a cikin marigayi 1970s. Tsunduma a zayyana KBP a Tula. Serial samar da "Dirk" hadaddun aiki Tula Engineering Shuka. A radar tsarin da aka sanya a rediyo masana'antu a Serpukhov, da kuma kayan aikin soji - a Research Institute of Physical Matsaloli mai suna bayan F. V. Lukina. Anti-jirgin sama da makami mai linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi hadaddun "wuƙa" (Grau 3M87), har yanzu da aka sani da SPAR "chestnut" (fitarwa sunan), ya shiga sabis a 1989.

makoman

maye gurbin m anti-aircraft tsarin sabon anti-aircraft "Dirk" hadaddun da tsare-tsaren Soviet zanen kaya. Domin wannan shi ya wajaba don kawar da matsalolin da dangantaka da tsohon jirgin iska tsaro tsarin. Don "Dirk" ya iya samu nasarar tsayayya da NATO high-gudun makamai masu linzami, ya kamata da:

• inganta damar a filin na ganewa da kuma tracking na hari, ciki har da wani high-gudun;
• ya karu harsasai.
• Quick Musanya.
• ya karu Yiwuwar bugawa da manufa.

ci gaba

A lokacin da zane na Soviet designers yanke shawarar ba na rage halittar wani zalla ko tsananin manyan bindigogi harsashi anti-aircraft hadaddun. A cewar su, sabon makamai dole mallaka mafi kyau halaye na wadannan biyu tsaro tsarin a cikin hadaddun. Tula zanen kaya a lokacin da irin wannan tsarin, an riga an tattara, da aka sani da ƙasar SPAR "Tunguska". "Dirk" - anti-aircraft makamai masu linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi tsarin - tsara shan la'akari da riga data kasance aukuwa na "Tunguska". Tattara sabon SPAR, da zanen kaya ya yi amfani da shirye-sanya raka'a. Wasu daga cikin su ne gaba daya canzawa, aka koma zuwa ga "Dirk". Makami mai linzami tsarin duk da haka ya ƙunshi mafi yawan abubuwa da cewa yana da da za a tsara daga karce.

SPAR siffa daga cikin sabon tsarin da

Anti-jirgin sama manyan bindigogi harsashi hadaddun "wuƙa" iya sanye take da daya ko biyu umurnin module hada da wani radar da wani dijital kula da tsarin. Ga wani karamin jirgin tsara daya fama da ciwon naúrar da makamai masu linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi, da kuma wani babban hallaka ko Cruisers - more, tare da dukan sa na daban-daban anti-aircraft makamai. Idan dole fama kayayyaki (3S87) za a iya saka a kan wani sashi na cikin bene. Daya module, ba tare da harsasai, 9 ga watan weighs 500 kg, tare da harsasai -. 12 dubu kg .. Don shigar da shi, musamman turntable da zai baka damar yin wani tip makamai horizontally. The sama na module sanye take da radar da kuma Tantancewar-lantarki tashoshin, alhakin hanya shiriya. A gefen surface na dandali ya zama wurin zama na bindigogi da kuma makamai masu linzami.

makamai

SPAR "Dirk" sanye take da:

• Zenith sarrafawa biyu-mataki m man fetur roka 9M311-1 da ciwon fragmentation sanda warhead da Target noncontact masu auna sigina.
• Biyu shida-barreled anti-aircraft bindigogi AO-18k 30 mm, iya nufin wuta a nesa na 2 -4 km.
• Umurnin module yin manufa saye, rarraba da kuma isar da umarnin ga makami tashoshin.
• Daya ko shida fama kayayyaki. Sun riƙi niyya emanating daga umurnin module, yi atomatik tracking na hari da kuma harbe-harben ne da za'ayi amfani da wani makami mai linzami, da kuma manyan bindigogi da makamai.
• Musamman tsarin alhakin adanar da recharging jirgin da makamai. Wannan tsarin shi ne wani akwati a cikin abin da fama raka'a da ake tãyar da sanya shi a cikin cellar.

Domin kare da makami mai linzami daga propellant gas a gun ganga ne na musamman cylindrical housings. A SPAR "Dirk" da aka yi amfani da auger bezzvenevaya wadata bawo. A hadaddun ne cikakken mai sarrafa kansa.

Performance halaye

• SPAR "Dirk" an tsara su buga wani manufa a yankuna biyu:

roka:

1) 1 km 500 m - 8 km.

2) 5 km - 3 km 500 m.

manyan bindigogi:

1) 500 m - 4 km.

2) 5 m - 3 km.

• SPAR kudi da minti shi ne dubu 10. Shots.
• A dauki lokaci ne 8 seconds.
• Daidaito radar tashar interferences cikin biyu zuwa uku mita.
• "Wuƙa" halin da high yiwuwar rauni: 94-99%.

Wanda yana amfani da hadaddun?

Dako SPAR "Dirk" su ne:

• Tã nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Pyotr Veliky" da "Admiral Nakhimov".
• Tã jirgin sama dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov".
• "Kiyayewa" sintiri jirgin.

SPAR matsayin "Dirk" da aka yi amfani da sintiri jiragen "Fearless" da "Yaroslav Mudry", kazalika da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Talwar".

Fitar da embodiment Zenith hadaddun

A cikin 90s ya bayyana SPAR "chestnut", wanda kusan ba ya bambanta daga ta asali bambance-bambancen - "Dirk". Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne cewa hadaddun "wuƙa" da aka yi amfani da kawai da Rasha Navy, da kuma "chestnut" SPAR ne aka yi nufi musamman domin fitarwa. Purchasers wannan embodiment, Zenith hadaddun karfe Indian soja. Indian Navy frigates ne aikin 1135,6. Irin wannan jirgin ruwa mai filafilai a haɗe daya fama da daya umurnin a koyaushe. A lokacin 2003-2013 India ta goma irin jiragen ruwa Project 1135,6, saka da SPAR "chestnut" da aka sayar.

ƙarshe

SPAR "Dirk" da ake amfani da kariya na Rasha Navy jiragen ruwa da tukwãne abubuwa daga anti-high-mita maƙiyi makamai masu linzami. Wannan SPAR ne sosai tasiri ga harbi kananan sojan ruwa da kuma ƙasa hari.