Artists Kukryniksy: abun da ke ciki da kuma na gama biography, hotuna

Artist ƙungiya Kukryniksy, shahara a cikin 30-40-ies na XX karni domin satirical ayyukan ƙwarai, a yau, kusan ba a sani ba zuwa ga sabon zamaninsu. Artists sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin al'adu da siyasa na Tarayyar Soviet.

VHUTEMAS - taron batu

Higher Artistic da kuma Technical Taron bita, halitta a 1920 da kuma aka sani a duniya a matsayin VHUTEMAS, saki wani babban yawan zanen kaya da kuma artists da suka yi tasiri ba kawai a kan Soviet da al'adunsu, amma kuma bar wata alama a duniya na art.

A musamman, mun fara hanyar Kukryniksy artists wanda ya zo nan a hanyoyi daban-daban da kuma daga wurare daban-daban, amma tare da daya manufa - su koyi su haifar da kyakkyawa. Mikhail Kupriyanov, Porfiry Krylov hadu a 1922 yayin da aiki a kan samar da wasiƙun labarai VKhUTEMAS "Arapotdel". Sun sa hannu da aiki da kuma rage Kukri Krykup. Daga baya da suka kasance sunã shiga ta rookie dalibi Nikolai Sokolov, wanda ya dade da sa hannu aikinsa a matsayin Knicks. Saboda haka akwai sanannen artist Kukryniksy. Dalibai suna da ha ba kawai soyayya na art, amma kuma da janar na gaba. Su kashi ya bushe da dariya, suna sha'awar ido ga m sanduna a cikin kewaye gaskiya, da kuma ya zama su masomin hadin gwiwa.

shiryayye Commonwealth

Kukryniksy artists - na musamman da sabon abu a duniya da al'adunsu. Lokaci daya aiki a kan ayyukan da ake bukata su kusa da dangantaka da kusanci na ra'ayoyi. Su a haɗe da m dandali - sun nẽmi ga ganewar funny da kuma sanya shi a cikin Figures. A cikin babban rawa a cikin samuwar na Commonwealth taka leda Mayakovsky, ya rungumi tunani da moods. Da "Windows satire Ci Gaban" ya zama wani real jami'a for aka fi. A mawãƙi, ma, kusantar da hankali ga mai ban sha'awa tawagar ya tambaye su don en da sanarwa "kwaro", kuma daga baya za su haifar da wani jerin almara a kan wannan samfurin. A wannan aikin daskarar siffofin na su m hanya, su kusantar da Mayakovsky ƙarfin hali, daidaito da kuma topicality.

Biography tawagar dangantaka da halittar wani sabon abu musamman a gani zane-zane, an kira "m satire". Na biyu mutum, wanda ya taka leda muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samuwar Kukryniksy ya m. Ya ba kawai ya taimaka musu don samun aiki, amma kuma sanar da daidai akida hanya. Shi ya karfafa su amfani a harkokin siyasa, da kuma taimaka wajen fahimtar jam'iyyar line. Babban karfe aiki a su gaskiya ne satirical - izgili da harbin. Don da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, daga tsakiyar 20s zuwa marigayi 90s, artists sun kusa abokai, da kuma shi damar da su yi aiki tare.

M Hanyar Kukryniksy

Kukryniksy artists sun iya ƙirƙirar musamman hanya na aiki a kan wani yanki. Creative kungiyoyin wanzu kafin su, amma waɗanda yake a cikin abin da duk m individuality sharewa a cikin sunan na gama "I" na artist, bai faru ba. Sun yi aiki sabõda haka, da m na kowane mahaliccin aka fi aiwatuwa a karshe samfurin. A sakamakon m jam'iyya ya haifar da wani recognizable style of satirical artists wanda mafi cikakken gane a cikin posters da majigin yara, amma kuma bambance-bambance a cikin canvases. Sun yi aiki a kan wani yanki a lokaci, zane tafiya a cikin da'irar, kowane kawo nasu ya shãfe shi, da kuma samun gama samfurin.

Kukryniksy ko da yaushe bin dokoki biyu: al'umma da kuma jam'iyyar ruhu. Su gane art a matsayin mai hidima ga Mahaifa, mahaifiyata da kuma jaruntakar yanayi na zamanin na 20s, suka ɗauke ta hanyar dukan m rayuwa.

Milestones a m hanyoyi

Kukryniksy fara aiki tare a matsayin cartoonist a cikin shahararrun bango jaridar "Arapotdel" wanda sharply izgili da cosmopolitan da formalist, da aiwatar da jam'iyyar line. Tun 1924, sun shảfe a zanuka don wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Sun misalta matasa marubuta da kuma ko da ci gaba da irin wannan salo kamar yadda representational zargi. Maxim Gorky kusantar da hankali ga sabon abu illustrators kuma shawarci su zana mafi fadi jigogi ga art na rayuwa, ba kawai a cikin wallafe-wallafe. A ƙarshen 20s majigin Kukryniksy buga a dukkan wallafe-wallafen mujallolin, su zo tare da mutane da yawa marubuta. Sun fallasa da wallafe-wallafen mũnãnan ayyuka: rashin nishaɗi, maganar banza, takalidai. Kuma a yau, da yawa daga cikin majigin yara ba rasa su dacewar.

Tun shekara ta 1925, kungiyar da aka rayayye hada kai tare da Soviet kafofin watsa labarai, da wallafa akwai caustic caricatures na zamantakewa Mũnãnan ayyuka. A hankali da daraja na girma, da kuma kowane karatu, bude wata jarida, da farko ya nemi da zane. A wannan lokacin, kyautata dabara, musamman kyau a su tawada zane da sharzhevaya, caustic wadata fa, tã yi ta atypical ga Soviet manema sharpness. Jerin kamar "Transport" a cikin jaridar "Pravda", ya kawo su a tsanani suna. Sun zama da Kakaki, na zamanin.

A prewar shekaru Kukryniksy samu kansu a cikin wani sabon salo - siyasa posters. A lokacin yakin, ya zama mai real makami a kan maƙiyansa. Kukryniksy posters cewa taimakawa mutane na Tarayyar Soviet a cikin mafi wuya sau, zama mai iko akida kayan aiki na iko. Su Poster "damƙar murkushe kuma ya halaka abokan gaba!" Ya bayyana a kan titunan kasar a watan Yuni 1941. Su bauta wa motherland ya ratsa dukan yaki da sojoji a cikin nau'i na posters da leaflets. Sun kuma yi aiki a cikin aikin "TASS Windows", wanda yake shi ne a cikin nau'i na wani Poster rufe labarai da kuma kiyaye morale na al'umma. Bayan yakin da suka yi da aka girmamawa ga da Nuremberg gwaji da za'ayi a m rahoton. Kukryniksy zama gaskiya litattafansu na Soviet majigin yara, su aka sani a duk faɗin duniya, ya karbi yawa masu sana'a awards.

The uku yanki a cikinsa aiki Kukryniksy ya zanen. Su fentin Genre al'amuran, hotuna, da zane-zanen a kan tarihi da jigogi, kwanciya da tushe ga wani sabon shugabanci a art - gurguzu da labarun almara. A lokacin da maimaitawa na kasar Kukryniksy aiki mai yawa a cikin latsa, littafin graphics, Paint hotuna. A cikin 60s, sun haifar da wani babban yawan zanuka don Rasha litattafansu. Bugu da kari, kowane artist halitta nasu. A cikin 80-90s saboda su shekaru artists suna aiki kasa, amma su m jam'iyya bai karya up har zuwa karshen rayuwa.

Muhimmanci aikin Kukryniksy

Kukryniksy artists sun sosai m, saboda a karkashin su fensir da buroshi bar yawa ƙwarai ayyukansu. Mafi mashahuri su ne: jerin satirical hotuna na "The Face na abokan gaba", ha ma'ana yiwuwa na Poster da easel zanen, a triptych "haihuwa Masters", zane da tarin litattafan Gogol ayyukan da ayyukan Gorky, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Ilf da Petrov, kazalika da yawa posters na yaki da shekaru. A karshen sun hada da "karya Museum", "yanayi da shirin da kuma kama na Moscow", "mai kyau nuna ya cancanci wani", kazalika da zane-zane na "Tanya", "jirgin na Jamusawa daga Novgorod", "The End."

Nune-nunen da kuma al'adunmu Kukryniksy

A 1932, na farko nuni Kukryniksy, shirya Maxim Gorky. Akwai An gabatar da siyasa da kuma m zane mai ban dariya, zanen, littafin graphics. A shekarar 1952, wani babban baje kolin da aka gudanar a Academy of Arts da Tarayyar Soviet, wanda aka yadu da kuma cikakken wakilci Kukryniksy kerawa, kazalika da tsayawar-shi kadai da ayyukan artists na zuwa Association. A 2008, shi da aka gudanar a retrospective nuni Kukryniksy.

Aka fi, wanda al'adunmu ne da nasaba, da tarihi na Soviet jihar, ya sha nanata karbi mafi jihar lambobin yabo da kyaututtuka. Aikinsu da aka adana a cikin most gidajen tarihi na Rasha.

Creative hanyar Mikhail Kupriyanov

Mikhail Kupriyanov aka haife shi a wani karamin gari a kan Volga Tetyushi. Daga yara ya ƙaunace su kusantar da, na kasance a Tashkent a Jamhuriyar Art Studios, inda ya aka aiko a kan wani saurayi yawon shakatawa. Domin fice nasarori a makaranta, ya aka aika zuwa karatu a Moscow a VHUTEMAS, inda ya zama memba na Kukryniksy.

Independent m rayuwa Kupriyanov ya ɓullo da nasarar, da ya gane da kansa kamar yadda mai zane. Ya ƙaunar Genre na wuri mai faɗi. Yau, a san shi da jerin zane-zane da ra'ayoyi na Leningrad, da Caspian Sea da makiyayarta.

Ya gama ya aiki a shekarar 1991.

Artist Porfiry Krylov

Na biyu memba na al'umma Kukryniksy - Porfiry Krylov aka haife a Tula. Tun suna yara, ya nuna m ikon, ya yi karatu a Art Studio, sa'an nan ya shiga VHUTEMAS. Bugu da kari ga ayyukan a Kukryniksy, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane, ya fentin hotuna, shimfidar, har yanzu lifes. Ayyukansa ne a cikin tarin na da yawa gidajen tarihi a duniya. gidansa-gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude a Tula.

Porphyry Nikitich mutu a shekarar 1990.

Creative biography na Nikolai Sokolov

Muscovite Nikolai Sokolov karatu a art studio na Proletkult, bayan da ya shiga a cikin VHUTEMAS da kuma zama ta uku memba na Kukryniksy. Sokolov da aka gudanar a matsayin wani talented fenta. Ya fi so Genre ya lyrical wuri mai faɗi. Aikinsa "Lermontov ta wuraren", "Abramtsevo", "Maraice a kan Volga" da sauransu ana sa a cikin mafi kyau gidajen tarihi a Rasha.

Nikolay Sokolov mutu a 2000.