Asphaltic Yawa: kwarara kudi da kuma abun da ke ciki na kayan

Ga ƙasar kyautata da kuma gina titunan da a yau shi ne amfani da kwalta kankare, wanda damar samun m da kuma high quality-shafi. Wannan abu ne cakuda bitumen da halitta kayan.

Halitta sinadaran samar da ƙarfi, yayin da bitumen ake bukata domin dauri su a cikin wani unitary tsarin. Kwalta da aka aza a kan wannan fasaha a kasashe daban-daban, amma shafi ingancin dogara da aka gyara abin da ake kara ko ba kara a cakuda shi ne wani lokacin tana gano da kuma stacking Hanyar.

Da yawa daga cikin kayan

Da yawa daga cikin kwalta kankare - shi ne daya daga cikin manyan halaye na wannan abu. Asphaltic kankare, don haka ne ma ake kiran, shi ne na nau'i na yi na wucin gadi conglomerate, wanda aka kafa a sakamakon cimma dole yawa daga cikin cakuda ɗora Kwatancen a cikin zane. A abun da ke ciki ta shirya Hanyar hadawa a musamman raka'a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi. Wannan yana amfani da man fetur hanya bitumen da kuma ma'adinai kasarun adadi na daban-daban kayan, da suka zaba a tsare shi ƙaddarãwa. Wani lokaci da kara polymers, roba, surfactants, sulfur da sauransu.

kwalta kankare yawa dogara a kan nau'in. Alal misali, m cakuda yana da wani yawa a cikin kewayon 2340 kg / m ^3, game da wani porous cakuda, ta yawa ne da ɗan ƙananan - 2300 kg / m ^3. The lafiya-grained kwalta kankare cakuda irin A, B da C da wadannan yawa: 2385, 2370 da kuma 2343 kg / m ^3, bi da bi. Yana faruwa ma a kwalta yashi jinsunan "cakuda irin D", a cikin wannan yanayin, da siga ban sha'awa shi ne daidai 2280 kg / m ^3.

yawa

Tabbatas da yawa na kwalta kankare aka za'ayi da dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje na samfurori da aka cire daga coatings. Wannan siga da aka lasafta ta rabo daga cikin talakawan yawa daga cikin kayan, wanda aka dauka daga cikin rufi, mu sake shirya zanen da talakawan yawa daga cikin samfurin.

Ga kowane jinsin daga cikin cakuda da aka yi amfani da wani compaction rabo. Alal misali, ga gaurayawan na A da B rabo ne 0.99, da mix B, D, kuma E, da kuma ƙananan core yadudduka coefficient ne 0,98. Idan wasu daga cikin sinadaran kunshe ne a cikin wucin gadi dutse kufai a karkara, da rabo ya zama daidai 0,97.

amfani na kwalta kankare

Shi ne ba kawai da yawa daga m-grained kwalta kankare da ta sauran iri, amma kuma amfani. Yadda aka saba, wannan siga aka ƙaddara a kan 100 m ^2, amma da kauri iya bambanta. A porous da m cakuda da wata Layer kauri daga 55 mm amfani da 100 m ² zai zama 12,87 da kuma 12,65 m, bi da bi. Tare da kara Layer zuwa 80 mm lokacin farin ciki da porous kwarara cakuda zai zama daidai 18.7 da kuma 18.4 m, bi da bi.

The lafiya-grained kwalta kankare cakuda irin A yana da ƙananan kwarara kudi idan Layer an rage wa 35 mm. Kamar wancan 100 m ² bar 8.35 m. A yanayin da yashi da kwalta mix irin D, sa'an nan da Layer kauri daga 45 mm amfani adadin zuwa 10,26 m da 100 m ^2.

yawa mita

Kwalta kankare yawa mita za a iya saya a sana'a Stores. Yana da kayyade yawa daga cikin rufi da kuma filaye na roadway. Kamar yadda manufa na'urar aikin sarrafawa iko da yawa, a lokacin da daya zai iya sani da mataki na inhomogeneity da hatimi sansanonin da kuma hanya coatings.

The na'urar iya gane unconsolidated yankin da kuma sarrafa m yankin, a nan ya kamata a dangana gefuna da kuma gidajen abinci. Tare da shi, da talakawan yawa na asphaltic kankare, wanda shi ne 2.35 g / ^cm3 za a iya ƙaddara. Kayan aiki bincika yadda kyau da shafi, ko kafin aikace-aikace na saman Layer. The na'urar iya auna zafin jiki na kwalta, domin sanin matsawa rabo, don gudanar da zazzabi-cika yawa karatu.

A abun da ke ciki na kwalta kankare da jihar nagartacce

Da yawa daga cikin kwalta kankare, Gost wanda kayyade ingancin littattafai da aka denoted da wadannan Figures: 9128-2009 - aka ambata a sama. Duk da haka, kwararru kamata ka sani game da abun da ke ciki. A shafi na ko tsakuwa chippings tsakanin sinadaran da suke comminuted kuma marmashi. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na yashi a can.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da bitumen aiki a matsayin resinous samfurin wanda yake riƙe da aka gyara tare. Duk da haka, wannan abu dole ne a kawo wa mai tsanani jihar. Yana ma'anar da kwalta kankare bayar da damar gudanar da fasaha. Amma a yau akwai wani fasahar da cewa ba a samu bitumen da danko har zuwa +5 ° C. Mai da aka sarrafa da hanyoyin zamani, wanda damar zuwa samu ruwa bitumen ba tare da frosting zuwa kafofin yada low zazzabi mukamai. Yawanci wannan darajar ne -30 ° C.

Da yawa daga cikin kwalta kankare (t / M3) ne 2.35. Amma wannan darajar - ba kawai abu ya zama sane da kwararru. Alal misali, ma'adinai abun ciki ne zuwa kashi uku dabi'u:

• Group A: 50 zuwa 60% (murƙushe dutse ko tsakuwa).
• Group B: daga 40 zuwa 50% (ma'adanai).
• Group B: daga 30 zuwa 40% (murƙushe dutse ko tsakuwa).

juji factionalism kayyade bayani dalla-dalla. A daidai da wadannan kayan kerarre amfani kufai a karkara, grit wanda zai iya bambanta daga 10 zuwa 20 mm. Irin wannan abun da ke ciki an yi amfani da nunawa a saman Layer na yanar gizo. The fasaha ne na al'ada da kuma yadu amfani a yau, amma cakuda iya kara wa polymers.

Change na kwalta kankare ƙarƙashin rinjayar da fasaha ta zamani

Da yawa daga cikin kwalta kankare kasa da kasa bisa matsayin, dole ne zama guda, amma ingancin littattafai kullum inganta. Wannan shi ne saboda da taba-kara lodi a kan hanya surface, abu zuwa search for m kayan don inganta quality. A sakamakon haka, shi gudanar ya halicci simintin kwalta kankare, wanda aka za'ayi aka bayyana a sama.

Ana amfani ba kawai don yi amma kuma kiyaye hanyoyi. Wannan fasaha da aka kayyade gwamnatin nagartacce kuma P 54401-2011 ya shafi tattaro cakuda ba tare da compaction. Zazzabi conglomerate haka yana farawa a 190 ° C, da kara matakan plasticity ƙaruwa. Abun da ke ciki halin da irin wannan fasali saboda polymer Additives.

A simintin kwalta abun da ke ciki ya kunshi fiye da kwalta, amma ƙara da ma'adanai rage-rage. Contents tsakuwa sulusi da murabba'i zuwa 5 mm ne daga ½ zuwa ɓangare na jimlar nauyin 0%. A cakuda samu ba kamar yadda grainy, don haka shi dai danko sosai, kuma ba a yi nufin a rufe.

ƙarin sinadaran

An kwalta m inganta jiki Properties, don haka da shafi kayan anka high ƙarfi, karko, mutunci da kuma dogon rayuwa ba tare da fatattaka. kwalta kankare yawa kasance iri guda, amma yana da muhimmanci don tsayar da fasahar kazalika da al'amari rabo. Wannan ne shigewa daga cikin kayan da ke bambanta simintin kwalta. Idan a lokacin da samar da lokaci ya auku a sabawa daga dokokin, da ƙarfin halaye sha wahala.

ƙarshe

kwalta kankare amfani ne a gaskiyar cewa shi za a iya yi wa ado. Wannan ƙwarai kumbura da ikon yinsa, daga ta amfani, saboda da taimakon da abu zai iya sa fitar da wani kyakkyawan hanya, sidewalks da kuma lungu. A cikin roadway amfani da wannan fasahar ta bayyana canza launin kwalta, wanda ya nuna tafiya a ƙasa crossings, sa alama da kuma rarraba tube.

Da dabara ya shafi ƙara zuwa abun da ke ciki canza launin 5-mm murƙushe dutse, kasa da pigments sanya daga dutse, clinker, marmara da farar ƙasa. Domin asphaltic mai haske tabarau amfani tãtacce roba bitumens. A fasahar qara kudin ɗaukar hoto, don haka da wuya amfani.

Amma a yau ya sami wani hanya don yada. Ya nuna shafa launin kwakwalwan kwamfuta, yayin da ta kara a samar ki. A cikin mataki na kwanciya hanyoyi da za Bugu da kari zuwa babba shafi Layer.