Atlas Mountains - raba duwatsu kasa

Da yawa daga cikin yankin Afirka dake kan Afirka lithospheric farantin. Shi ne mafi dandali a baya shi ne wani ɓangare na wata babbar nahiyar Gondwana. A Triassic lokaci a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waje sojojin na Duniya babban dutse jeri cewa wanzu a kan tsohon nahiyar, sun rushe. A laifuffukan da ɓawon burodi, da samuwar Karin, da raurawar asa, volcanic eruptions kai ga samuwar undulating filayen, high plateaus, manyan daruna da sabon kololuwa. Afirka - kadai nahiyar a kan wanda sabon dutsen jeri aka kafa ba a cikin bangarori na folded Tsarin. A mafi dutsen a Afirka ta lullube a cikin gabashin Afrika tsaunuka. Mountain kewayon Drakensberg kafa a gabashin ɓangare na kudancin nahiyar. Ta Kudu da nahiyar aka kẽwayesu da wani tudu na Cape duwãtsu da ke arewa maso yammacin miƙa Atlas Mountains. Su arewacin ridges aka sanya kai tsaye a kan jamsin na biyu lithospheric faranti.

Atlas duwãtsu, ko Atlas samar da ke arewa maso yammacin protrusion nahiyar Afirka, wanda aka rabu da kudancin Turai kawai Gibraltar matsatsiyar. Arewa maso yammacin tekun na nahiyar zuwa yamma da tekun Atlantic a gabas da arewa - Bahar Rum. A kudu, babu wani fili a tsare iyaka da Sahara, shi da aka yi da kudancin gindin dutsen jeri na Atlas, a cikin abin da sandan hamada shimfidar.

Atlas ne mafi gagarumin Yunƙurin na arewa maso yammacin Afirka. Mountain kewayon lullube daga Atlantic Coast ta Morocco, Algeria har zuwa bakin tekun na Tunisia. Ya kunshi da High Atlas dutsen jeri, Tel-Atlas, da Saharan Atlas, Middle Atlas, Anti-Atlas, m plateaus da kuma filayen. Tsororuwar arewacin Afirka da High Atlas ne Toubkal dutsen, ya kai wani tsawo na 4167 m. Shi ne ma mafi girman dutsen Arewa Afirka. Atlas a cikin wannan bangare na dutsen iyaka ne sosai kama da Alps da Caucasus. A bambanci, ta Tsakiya Atlas ne a Filato-kamar saman da yanke by zurfi kwari. Don arewa maso gabashin ne mai ci gaba da High Atlas Saharar Atlas. Don kudu da High Atlas, Anti-Atlas dutsen iyaka ne - tashe Cenozoic ƙungiyoyi karkata daga zamanin d faranti.

Origin Atlas duwãtsu haɗa zuwa zurfin laifinsu kafa lineaments (mikakke taimako abubuwa). A ma'aunan kasa sharuddan da Atlas Mountains ne ma na ƙwarai ga gaskiya cewa ana ciyar da yankin domin wannan teku m ruwan karkashin kasa artesian tasa, wanda shi ne a karkashin mafi girma a duniya hamadan Sahara.

Tare Rum Coast, wadannan da contours daga cikin tekun, falalen matasa folded dutsen jeri Rif Atlas, Atlas Tel-up zuwa 2500 m. Su ne mai kai tsaye ci gaba da duwãtsu na Sicily da kuma kudancin Spain. Mutane da yawa dutse kololuwa, ciki har da Toubkal, dadaddun volcanoes.

Ban sha'awa, amma da na gida jama'ar na Atlas ba guda sunan dutsen iyaka, akwai sunayen kawai mutum plateaus da ridges. Kansu da sunan "Atlas Mountains", "atalas" da mazauna yankunan ba su shafi. Suna dauka a Turai da kuma ta samo asali ne a zamanin da myths, wanda aka sung a matsayin "dutse na Atlanta", a mythological Titan Atlas, ko Atlas, Perseus canza kama zuwa da Afirka dutsen ƙi liyãfa.

A zama na Atlas duwãtsu na farko ya zama sane da Phoenicians tafiya. Cikakken bayanin irin hakar ma'adinai tsarin yana kunshe ne a cikin ayyukan Maksima Tirskogo. Amma ƙwarai fadada ra'ayi da dutsen iyaka da fice a Jamus bincike Karin Gerhard Afirka. Ya aka ɓadda a matsayin Musulmi haye High Atlas, ya ce taswirar dutsen jeri, da kuma nazari da most oases daga Algeria fada cikin Sahara.

Atlas Mountains, dake kusa da Birnin Marrakech, na dauke su mafi tsufa. Su shekaru da aka ƙaddara da Cretaceous da Jurassic lokaci.

Features na zamani wuri mai faɗi da Atlas Mountains dogara ne a kan sharply nahiyar da kuma wajen bushe sauyin yanayi. M weathering matakai kai ga halakar duwãtsu, kuma su jari a gindin babban adadin tarkace, daga cikinsu da mafi ridges da isasshe m da kuma kaifi kololuwa. Yana bambanta da taimako ne ma mai karfi erosive dismemberment. Mountain jeri yanka ta hanyar zurfin ravines, da ciki surface na kan tudu ketare wani tsarin na tashoshi - al'adunmu na wani bygone zamanin.

Domin Atlas duwãtsu hankula Rum sauyin yanayi. Duk da haka, shi ne unpredictable da kuma dangane da tsawo quite tsanani. Saboda haka, yankin na High Atlas siffofi da wani hali dutsen sauyin yanayi tare da sanyi, rana lokacin bazaar, kuma mai sanyi winters. The talakawan zafin jiki a lokacin rani ya kai + 25⁰S hunturu da zazzabi aka saukar zuwa wani lokacin -20⁰S. Kusa da Atlas Mountains ne halin da gagarumin ruwan sama a cikin hunturu. A wannan yanki akwai sau da yawa ambaliyar.

A lokacin bazara lokacin da ciki surface na kwari da tudu karfi da jin wuta, da zazzabi iya isa + 50⁰S. Dare, a kan m, quite sanyi tare da m frosts.

A inji murfin Atlas canjãwa lokacin da motsi daga ciki ~ ar teku. Lower gangara rufe da Ashtarot daga Dwarf itatuwan dabino, Evergreen bushland da gandun daji na toshe kwalaba oak. A mafi girma gangara an rufe tare da gandun daji na Yew da Atlas itacen al'ul. Inland kwaruruka, plateaus tare da Saline zaran kasa ne Semi-Hamada da kuma bushe matakan.

High a cikin duwatsu akwai mai tsayi fadamun, abin da ya bambanta a cikin nau'in abun da ke ciki na Turai dutsen fadamun. Kansu saman kunya bã tãre da ciyayi, da kuma babban ɓangare na shekara an rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara. A kudancin tsaunukan dake hamada yankunan da riqo na wuccin oases.

Animal World Atlas aka wakilta daban-daban jinsunan dabbobi da Afirka da kuma Kudancin Turai: wata baiwar, jerboa, hares, hyenas, wurin zaman diloli, daji Cats da civets. A kan kankara samu Barbary Macaque, da kuma da yawa macizai da kadangaru.

Population High da kuma Middle Atlas mayar da hankali a gindin tuddai da kwaruruka, inda ƙasar ne noman da kuma sarrafa karkashin zaitun plantations, Citrus, da sauran amfanin gona. A kan baranda daga dutsen gangara inabi suna girma. A gida yawan mutane, an kuma tsunduma a cikin dabbõbin ni'ima kiwo, namo na hatsi da wuya alpha - mai muhimmanci da albarkatun kasa domin yi na lafiya takarda.