B12-karanci anemia: cututtuka, haddasawa, magani

B12-karanci anemia - a wajen m cuta, wanda ake dangantawa da rushewa daga al'ada jini samuwar matakai abin da ke faruwa a kan backdrop na cobalamin karanci a cikin jiki. Yau, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar tambayoyi game da abin da abubuwan ƙarƙashin rinjayar anemia tare da cututtuka da kuma yadda cutar.

Abin da yake akwai wata cuta?

A gaskiya ma, B12-karanci anemia da aka sani da daban-daban sharuddan - ko shi pertsinioznaya megabloblastnaya anemia, pernicious anemia da kuma Addison ta cuta-Birmera. Wannan cuta yana tare da rage a cikin yawan ja da maikacin jini, wanda yake shi ne saboda rashi na bitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). Ya kamata a lura cewa musamman m ga rashin wannan abu ne da ba kawai da tsarin da bargo, amma kuma da jijiya nama, wanda, a gaskiya, da ke sa cutar matukar hatsari.

A mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya suna kamu B12, folic acid karanci anemia, a cikin abin da ya lura rashin folic acid. A farko bayyanar cututtuka da cutar da aka bayyana a gwada kwanan nan - a cikin 1855, da Turanci likita T. Addison aka bincikewa wani ba a sani ba rashin lafiya. Kuma a cikin 1926, masu bincike W. Murphy, J. Will da Yahaya. Minot a su gudanar da bincike ya nuna cewa cututtuka dage, idan ka rubuta a cikin haƙuri ta rage cin abinci na raw hanta.

Babban Sanadin bitamin B12 karanci anemia

Nan da nan shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai mutane da yawa Sanadin irin wannan anemia. Wasu daga cikin su suna da alaka da hanyar rayuwa, yayin da wasu - tare da canje-canje a cikin jiki.

• Da farko kana bukatar ka ambaci abin da ake kira sinadirai masu rashi, wanda aka sa ta kasa ci na bitamin a cikin jiki ta hanyar abinci. Alal misali, wannan cuta zai iya ci gaba a kan bango na azumi ko tsananin vegeterianstva. A wani jariri, wannan nau'i na anemia lura a cikin taron cewa mai shayar da mama ki yarda dabba da kayayyakin.
• A wasu marasa lafiya akwai wani take hakkin da al'ada tsotsa cyanocobalamin.
• Sanadin B12 karanci anemia iya zama saboda da rashin da ake kira muhimmi factor Castle. Wannan musamman hadaddun abu da aka saki hanji mucosa, haɗa cyanocobalamine da kuma bayar da ta sha. Bi da bi, da rashin wannan abu za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar wasu nakasar anomalies, kazalika da autoimmune cututtuka. Bugu da ƙari, cikin rashin Castle factor lura lokacin da daban-daban tsarin canje-canje a cikin ciki, kamar gastritis, m ayyukan da sauransu. D.
• Hadarin dalilai kuma za a iya dangana, kuma da dama daga canje-canje a cikin tsarin da na hanji da nama da cewa an lura a gaban marurai, ko tasowa a sakamakon m resection na hanji.
• Tsotsa hanji aiki iya bambanta a gaban dysbiosis, cikinsa da microflora abun da ke ciki canza.
• A wasu lokuta, cyanocobalamin, an ingested da abinci da ake tunawa da sauran "occupants" narkewa kamar tsarin, kamar pathogenic kwayoyin cuta ko tsutsa.
• Hadarin dalilai iya hada hanta da koda cuta, kazalika da su bango ne sau da yawa lura karuwa a kasafi na bitamin B12 ko ta amfani ne bai cika ba.
• Rashi iya ci gaba, a cikin taron cewa nama ko gabobin sha da yawa daga cikin bitamin. A irin wannan sabon abu ne a lura, misali, a gaban wani hanzari girma ciwon daji. Hadarin dalilai sun hada da hormonal canje-canje da kuma wasu endocrine cuta, da kuma cututtuka hade tare da asarar aiki ja jini Kwayoyin.

A pathogenesis da cutar

Ta yaya ne B12-karanci anemia? A pathogenesis da cuta ne kai tsaye related to da asali ayyuka na cyanocobalamin. Wannan bitamin taka muhimmiyar rawa a kan aiwatar da hematopoiesis. Its karanci take kaiwa zuwa wani yanayin da aka sani da "megablastoz". Yana yana tare da jari na manyan siffofin platelets da fari da maikacin jini, kazalika da wanda bai kai ba, halakarwa a cikin bargo.

Bugu da kari, bitamin B12 ne cofactor a key musayar halayen da suke da muhimmanci ga rayuwar jijiya Kwayoyin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa daga ta gaira juyayi tsarin shan wahala.

B12-karanci anemia: cuta cututtuka

Irin wannan cutar tare da wani taro na cututtuka, wanda yawanci a hade cikin uku main kungiyoyin.

Da farko, bari mu magana game da m ciwo cewa tasowa kan bango na rage adadin ja jini Kwayoyin. Da farko, marasa lafiya koka tsanani rauni, m gajiya da wani alama raguwa a yi. Kamar yadda cutar progresses akwai lokaci-lokaci taso tinnitus da juwa, da kuma wani lokacin har aka rufe da mãgãgi. Marasa lafiya kuma lura bayyanar "kwari" a gaban idanunsa. Ãyõyin anemia kuma iya hada zuciya palpitations, kuma mai tsanani shortness na numfashi cewa faruwa har ma da 'yar alamar jiki exertion. Wani lokaci akwai m, daba zafi a kirji.

Hakika, tare da kasawa da bitamin da kuma lura da cuta na narkewa kamar tsarin. A musamman, marasa lafiya gani ban mamaki karu a ci, kuma a sakamakon, jiki nauyi asara. Maimaituwa tashin zuciya da kuma amai kuma kawo a cikin rayuwar mutum da yawa cikas. Bugu da kari, da zai yiwu take hakki na da kujera - mafi sau da yawa shi ne dogon maƙarƙashiya. Very halayyar kuma an dauke su canza harshe, wanda surface an smoothed da kuma zama mai haske ja da wani lokacin garura ya dafa.

Hakika, wannan ba duk da canje-canjen da bi da B12-karanci anemia. Alamun bayyana da kuma juyayi tsarin. A farko wuri a can ne da shan kashi na gefe jijiyoyi. Marasa lafiya ruwaito wani m tingling a cikin hannãyenku da ƙafãfunku, kazalika da wucin gadi numbness. A hankali ɓullo da tsoka rauni. a hankali a hankali canji a Gait aka lura a dangane da stiffness na kafafu - shi ya zama mafi m.

Tsawo rashi na bitamin B12 take kaiwa zuwa kashin baya bugu, sa'an nan a cikin kwakwalwa. A bayyanar cututtuka irin wannan cuta iya bambanta. Alal misali, lalacewar da zaruruwa a cikin laka, yawanci take kaiwa zuwa wani asarar ýan - wani mutum ba ji da vibrations da fata (mafi sau da yawa rinjayar da fata a kan kafafu). Wasu marasa lafiya da ci gaba convulsions. Amma irritability, wanda ba a iya lura da shi ba yanayi canje-canje, cuta na ji na launi nuna kwakwalwa lalacewa. A cikin rashi na far, da mãsu haƙuri iya fada a cikin wani coma.

siffofin da cutar

Hakika, akwai da dama da makircinsu na rarrabuwa da cutar. Yana da muhimmanci a san cewa a zamani magani B12-karanci anemia iya zama na biyu iri daban-daban, dangane da Sanadin:

• A farko nau'i na cutar da ake dangantawa da wasu yawanci kwayoyin halaye da kwayoyin. Yana ne irin wannan B12-karanci anemia a yara da jarirai auku mafi sau da yawa.
• A sakandare nau'i na cutar tasowa riga a kan aiwatar da girma da kuma rayuwa mutum, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar dalilai waje ko ciki yanayi.

anemia mataki

Babban bayyanar cututtuka da cutar ne kai tsaye dogara a kan mataki na cin gaban su. A tsanani daga cikin yanayin haƙuri ne yawanci m dogara ne a kan yawan erythrocytes (ja jini Kwayoyin) a cikin jini. Dangane da wannan adadi, akwai matakai uku na cutar:

• A m anemia, ja jini cell count jeri daga 90 zuwa 110 g / l.
• Average mai tsanani nau'i ne halin da wani gagarumin raguwa a yawan ja jini Kwayoyin - daga 90 zuwa 70 g / l.
• Idan haƙuri ta ja jini cell count ne 70 g / L ko kasa, to, shi ne mai tsanani nau'i na B120-karanci anemia, wanda shi ne hadarin gaske musamman ga kiwon lafiya, har ma da rayuwa.

Ta yaya hatsari wannan nau'i na anemia? zai yiwu rikitarwa

Anemia, bitamin B12 rashi in babu dace magani iya zama musamman m. Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da farko da rashin wannan abu rinjayar da juyayi tsarin. Matsalolin da irin wannan anemia hada da laka da kuma na gefe jijiyoyi. Bi da bi, wadannan disturbances suna tare da rashin jin daɗi da kuma tingling a cikin extremities, cike da kuma m asarar abin mamaki, fecal incontinence ko incontinence.

Kan bango na kullum cyanocobalamin karanci worsens dukan jiki - na iya haifar da wani iri-iri cututtuka da kodan, zuciya da kuma sauran gabobin. Wani lokaci, a tsakiyan kaifi raguwa a yawan na ja da maikacin jini ci gaba kwakwalwa hypoxia, manyan zuwa pernicious coma.

Idan ka fara jiyya a wani wuri mataki, to, duk da sama da rikitarwa za a iya kauce masa. Late qaddamar far iya kawar da bitamin karanci, amma, alas, canje-canje a cikin juyayi tsarin riga babu ja.

Hanyoyin zamani na ganewar asali

A gaban na sama bayyanar cututtuka ya kamata ka shakka ganin likita. Bayan duk, kawai wani gwani zai iya daidai gano cutar. Domin a farkon aka sanya likita tarihi. B12-karanci anemia yawanci tasowa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban waje dalilai, don haka likita zai bincika bayani game da haƙuri da rai, da ikonsa, da sauransu. D. A nan gaba, ya kamata a jiki jarrabawa. A marasa lafiya da irin wannan cuta, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ana iya gani kodadde fata. Sau da yawa akwai wani karu a jini da kuma palpitations.

Hakika, daga baya ya bi ta hanyar wasu karatu, da wanda ba za ka iya sanin ko ko ba akwai wani B12-karanci anemia. A jini gwajin da irin wannan cuta nuna rage yawan erythrocytes da su magabatansu (reticulocytes). Tare da wannan akwai wani karu a platelet count. Hakika, rage matakin na haemoglobin a cikin jini. Biochemical bincike na jini kuma iya samar da muhimmanci bayanai. Lokacin iri-iri na anemia akwai wani karuwa a jini matakan bilirubin da na baƙin ƙarfe.

Ganewar asali da B12-karanci anemia hada da sauran hanyoyin. A musamman, bargo da aka yi shinge (a mafi yawan lokuta kwashe sternal huda) ga dakin gwaje-gwaje da bincike. Bugu da kari, da mãsu haƙuri a kan hannuwa da ƙididdiga na fitsari da kuma tumbi. Nuna electrocardiography, electroencephalography, lissafta tomography, da kuma wani lokacin wasu daga cikin sauran hanyoyin - wadannan gwaje-gwaje ne na wajibi a tantance irin nisan da lalacewar wasu sashin jiki tsarin, kazalika domin gano dalilin da anemia.

B12-karanci anemia: magani

A likita zai iya yi wani tasiri magani kawai bayan cikakken kwayoyin jarrabawa. Saboda haka abin da far bukatar B12-karanci anemia? Jiyya ta fara da kawar da tamkar hanyar cutar. Alal misali, a lokacin da gudanar da ga marasa lafiya helminthic infestations antiparasitic jamiái da kuma a gaban ƙari - tiyata.

Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci rama karancin cyanocobalamin. A farko 'yan kwanaki na bitamin bayani ne allura intramuscularly. Ga talakawan adult kullum kashi ne daga 200 zuwa 500 micrograms. A matsananci yanayi da adadin miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ta ƙara zuwa 1000 mcg - makirci bi zuwa kwanaki uku. Bayan kai tsaye inganta rage kashi to 100-200 MG - injections suna ba sau ɗaya a watan for 1-2 shekaru.

Babu shakka, shi ne muhimmanci don yin da hakkin rage cin abinci sun hada da abinci mai arziki a cikin cyanocobalamine da kuma folic acid - shi ne da farko da hanta, nama da qwai.

Mai tsananin anemia bukatar gaggawa replenish ja jini cell count. A saboda wannan dalili, marasa lafiya ne ja da maikacin jini daga bayar da jini. A wannan hanya ne dole a lokacin da m coma.

Bisa kididdigar da, da hangen nesa ga marasa lafiya ne quite m. Ware su ne waɗanda lokuta inda wani mutum ya nemi taimako a ƙwarai da gaske yanayin, kamar yadda ya mayar da abin ya shafa wurare na juyayi tsarin ba zai yiwu.

Shin akwai tasiri hanyoyin da rigakafin?

Kamar yadda ka gani, B12-karanci anemia - wata cuta hadarin gaske musamman. Saboda haka da yawa sauki ga kokarin kauce wa shi. Kuma a cikin wannan yanayin, da-kafa rage cin abinci yana da muhimmanci sosai. Kula cewa abinci mai arziki cyanocobalamine halarci kai a kai a cikin menu. A musamman, bitamin B12 da aka samu a qwai, nama, hanta da kiwo kayayyakin.

All cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili da lokacin da za a amsa wa magani - shi ne ya zama wajibi ga cika tare da likita ta da shawara da kuma ba daina su magunguna. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci shi ne shawarar a matsayin m gwargwado dauki multivitamin gidaje (kowane watanni shida).

Bayan tiyata don cire wani ~ angare na hanji ko ciki likita zamar masa dole ya nada wani haƙuri cyanocobalamin shirye-shirye a dace kashi.