Babu lakabi - aman wuta a Kamchatka. shigowa

A wannan labarin, za mu so ka yi magana game da wani mara aman wuta. Yana da ban sha'awa abin da aka dauke inganci, ta shigowa aka lura a shekarar 1956. Saboda haka abin da yake a aman wuta mara Suna Kamchatka? Me kuma yake da shi ban sha'awa? Bari mu magana game da shi.

location aman wuta

Mara aman wuta located in tsakiyar Klyuchevskoy kungiyar kusa Kliuchevskoi. Idan muka magana game da abin da ya wakiltar, shi ne wani elongated tsararru na rafke taron. A gabashin ɓangare ne wani ɓaɓɓake daga wani tsohon aman wuta, mafi yawansu shi aka hallaka a wani tashin bam a 1956. Shi ya kasance ne kawai a kananan kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare. Yammacin rabo daga cikin tsararru ne aman wuta Nameless. Sãsanninta, an rufe tare da m lawa gudana, farkon abin da aka located a kudu maso yammacin kuma kudu. Kuma a cikin kafa na goma sha shida domes located mabanbanta shekaru da kuma abun da ke ciki. Halakar da ganiya - yana da wani babban bakin dutse (diamita - 1.3 x 2.8 km) ne wani sabon samuwar kira al'arshi a cikin hedkwatarsu da.

A lokacin da marigayi Pleistocene a inda ne mara Suna (aman wuta), kafa dacite Dome. Akwai 16. Kuma goma ko goma sha shekara dubu da suka wuce a kan gangara na aman wuta kafa mara Suna Stone. Stratovolcano fara samar da 5.500 shekaru da suka wuce. The aiki na wadannan wurare ya kanta ji ko da shekara dubu biyu.

Nameless lokaci na aiki

Mara (aman wuta a Kamchatka) ya aiki a baya 2500 shekaru. Conventionally, wannan lokaci za a iya raba uku lokaci. Bisa ga ash taro Manuniya, shi za a iya zaci cewa kunnawa lokacin da isowa daga cikin wadannan lokuta:

1. 2400-1700 shekaru da suka wuce.
2. 13 500-1000.
3. Daga shekarar 1965 har yanzu lokaci.

Shigowa. Nameless, 1956

A baya lokaci na volcanic aiki, masana kimiyya iya hukunci ba da abun da ke ciki na volcanic kankara. Amma kamar yadda na karshe shigowa, shi ba haka ba da dadewa ba, amma saboda shi, za ka iya magana a more daki-daki.

Kafin shi da tsawo na da aman wuta shi ne 3100 mita. A wancan lokaci, a kan saman da shi da aka kyawawan kyau bayyana bakin dutse tare da diamita na game da rabin kilomita. A kudancin bakin dutse da aka cinder mazugi (ciki). Kusa da saman gangara sun indented volcanic potholes. Duk da yake cikin aman wuta ne dauke dadaddun na dogon lokaci. Babu wanda zai iya foreseen cewa a cikin shi akwai iya zama wasu irin aiki. All sauya shigowa. Mara 1956 gabatar da wani m "ban mamaki", wanda za a iya wuya a kira m. Its shigowa kira catastrophic domin shi ya faru bayan lokaci mai tsawon na sauran, wanda dade game da shekara dubu. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa aman wuta ne dauke dadaddun na dogon lokaci. Kuma da shigowa na 1956 bude har wani gaba ɗaya sabon lokaci a cikin rayuwarku ta giant, wanda ya kwanan wata ci gaba.

Me mara Suna dauke dadaddun?

Ba dole ne a ce cewa babu alamun aiki a lokacin ya sa wasu ƙabĩlanci ga Nameless, kuma shi ne a banza. Amma akwai wasu masana kimiyya suka yi zaton cewa wannan aman wuta ne har yanzu m na mamaki. Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru. A wani dan kankanin lokacin, wannan zato da aka kubutar a cike.

A shekarar 1955 Klyuchevskoy tashar seismographs aka rubuta mahara aftershocks kawai a cikin shugabanci na Nameless. Duk da haka, ko da wadannan alamu ba su canza hali ga shi na masana. Domin wasu dalilai da aka dauke shi da cewa sabon abu ne saboda zuwan nan gaba na gaba gefe na bakin dutse na aman wuta, kamar yadda Kryuchevsky.

Kuma a 22 ga watan Oktoba, mara Suna aman wuta ya zo wurin rayuwa a cikin m hanyoyi ga kowa da kowa.

New rayuwa na wani aiki aman wuta

Shigowa (mara Suna sosai unpredictable) sun yi nauyi watsi da ash cewa ya tashi zuwa tsawo na biyar kilomita. Amma ba zato ba tsammani sai na aman wuta ya fara subside. Ra'ayi cewa wannan a zahiri shi ne karshen. Duk da haka, duk abin da ya juya daga quite daban ...

A watan Maris shekarar 1956, wata babbar fashewar ta girgiza dukan unguwa. Babbar girgije ash garzaya zuwa tsawo na talatin da biyar kilomita. A saman aman wuta da aka hallaka. A wurin da kafa wani bakin dutse tare da diamita na daya da rabi kilomita. A wannan yanayin, da tsawo nan take rage ta 250 mita.

Fashewar kanta da aka directed zuwa gabas.

A yankunan da sakamakon da shigowa

Ya kasance haka m cewa a nesa na 25 kilomita dukan itatuwa da aka felled da kuma kone su. A zafi yashi, toka, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na sosai farin ciki Layer boye wani yanki na 500 ^km2. A daidai wannan lokaci, kusan duk ciyayi da aka halaka. Snow tara a lokacin hunturu, nan take Filistiyawa ya watse, suka ruga zuwa cikin kwari, kõguna datti. Akwai garzaya da kuma kama su itace tarkace. The ruwa sun shige ta cikin kwarin, kawo mai yawa datti, da duwatsu da itace, daga wanda aka kafa gaba daya m shãmakacẽwa. M kwarara kwanaki masu yawa guba ruwa na Kamchatka, sa shi kaucewa m for adam amfani. Bugu da kari, sulfur-dauke da impurities ana kai ga mutuwar kifi. Ga wani mamaki ba mara Suna aman wuta a Kamchatka.

Bayan bakin dutse, tare da daga takashinsa fara hawa Dome na ja-zafi lawa. A shekarar 1966, bayan shekaru goma bayan da ta shigowa, a lokacin hawan aman wuta ji gaban rayuwa a cikin shi. A sau underfoot fili ji fairly karfi aftershocks, yin gangaren mirgina boulders da crevices na mahara gas kõguna tashi, ƙanshi na sulfur. Hawa da aka ba a kammala, shi kawai ya tsaya.

New surprises daga wani aiki aman wuta

Yanzu mara Suna aman wuta - wani aiki mai aman wuta na Kamchatka. A shigowa a 1956 ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi girma a fadin duniya a halin yanzu tarihi lokaci. Bayan wannan taron, mara Suna aman wuta farka sau biyu. Amma duka biyu eruptions sun m (1977, 1984). Its aiki da aka lura a 1984. Amma riga a shekarar 1985, da aman wuta ba wani sabon mamaki.

New tremors aka rajista a karshen watan Yuni. volcanologists kungiyar da aka aika zuwa wani wuri a karkashin shiryarwar Firstova P. P. A 29 ga watan Yuni mara Suna fashe sake. Sake akwai wani directional watsi da gabas. A fashewa da aka iko sosai. By da karfi ya kasance na biyu a shekarar 1956. Kuma a sake, babu daya sa ran wannan daga Nameless. Ya aka dauke riga muka koya, to ya lokaci-lokaci tunkaro sun zama saba. The kungiyar da ta je wurin, kusan ya mutu kuma ta hanyar mu'ujiza tsira.

Tunanin cewa kona girgije share cikin goma sha biyu kilomita kuma hallaka dukan matasa ciyayi, wanda da ya shigo ya bayyana a cikin wani wuri kowa bayan na karshe shigowa. An halaka da kuma volcanologists gidaje, gina a kafar. Abin farin sũ, sun kasance a wannan lokaci inda ba wanda yake zaune. Dome, kafa bayan fashewa da 1956, na tsira, amma da bakin dutse ne ta ƙara sake.

m spectacle

Volcanoes da musamman dukiya ko da yaushe kasance a cikin m "shiri." Kazalika girman da Nameless. Experience ya nuna cewa wajibi ne a ko da yaushe tabbata a tsare. Ko da a yau shi ne wanda aka sallama a kwantar da hankula, shi ba ya nufin wani abu. Ba da da ewa shi iya zo rayuwa. Mara tsawo da aka lokaci-lokaci sa kanta ji. Kuma duk lokacin da ta faru, kwatsam. Kowane shigowa - shi ne wani abu mai ban mamaki, m. Strong wuta kashi, zafi lawa gudana, fashewar da wasan wuta daga duwatsu. Wannan duk wani volcanic shigowa. Idan wani yana da damar rayuwa wajen yin shaida wannan sabon abu na yanayi, da wani mutum har abada ya canza ra'ayi zuwa gare su. All eruptions Nameless faruwa tare da m fashe da quite mugun lalace.

A irin da irin na Nameless

By ta tsarin aman wuta wakiltar yanki samuwar a cikin ɓawon burodi ta hanyar abin da zubi lawa zo zuwa ga surface da kuma siffofin da volcanic kankara. Mai Active volcanoes an rarraba su zuwa aiki, dormant da kuma dadaddun. A samuwar ware form stratovolcanoes, thyroid, slag, da sauransu. Mara kawai tana nufin wani aiki aman wuta.

Bugu da kari, shi ne irin samuwar ne stratovolcano.

Nameless rawa a duniya na volcanology

Explore kuma bayyana volcanoes fara kawai a cikin XVIII karni. Littafin farko na Littafi da Kamchatka volcanoes aka buga Krashennikov GP baya a 1756. Yana dauke da bayani game da maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi da kuma ƙattin na wadannan wurare, ciki har da a kan Nameless. Daga baya akwai wasu ayyuka. "Atlas of Tarayyar Soviet volcanoes" da aka ma da aka buga a cikin Soviet zamanin. Kuma a shekarar 1991 akwai wani zamani aiki na aiki volcanoes a kan Kamchatka Larabawa, inda suka isasshe cikakken aiki Refayawa. Saboda da shigowa na 1956. mara Suna har abada shiga tarihi. Tun daga nan, duniyar volcanology, wani sabon nau'in - "Babu lakabi" ko "directed tsãwa." A baya can, a cikin irin wannan sharuddan ba kimiyya.

A nan gaba na Nameless

Volcanologists masana kimiyya gudanar ya mayar da yanayin da Nameless a karshe miliyan 2.5 shekaru. Hukunci a baya, saukarwa quite wuya. Saboda haka, an gano cewa aiki da mai pulsating hali. By misalin da suka gabata lokaci za a zana wasu karshe game da nan gaba hali na aman wuta. Yanzu za mu iya amince ce cewa a halin yanzu lokaci mara Suna located halfway na gaba lokaci na da karfi aiki. Shan la'akari da tsawon lokacin da suka gabata lokaci, shi iya zaci tare da high yiwuwa cewa yanzu zagayowar zai šauki 100 zuwa 200 shekaru.

Masana kimiyya suna da wani ban sha'awa siffa daga cikin Nameless aka gani. A yanayi na ta shigowa canza game da 1400 da suka wuce. Tun karfe ne halin da mummunan shigowa a gare shi. Dole ne in ce cewa shigowa a 1956 ya da karfi daga gare su. Tun da akwai wani lokaci-lokaci intensification wannan sakamako, shi za a iya zaci cewa a nan gaba da aman wuta za ta gabatar da wani abin ban mamaki a cikin nau'i na ma fi girma aiki.