Bagritsky Edward. Biography, kerawa, iyali

Bagritskiy Eduard Georgievich - a Rasha mawãƙi, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, fassara. Game da rayuwarsa da kuma aiki da za a tattauna a wannan labarin. Real sunan Eduarda Bagritskogo - Dzyubin, bisa ga wasu kafofin - Dzyuban.

farkon shekaru

A mawãƙi aka haife shi a Odessa, 22 ga watan Oktoba, 1895 a wani Yahudawa iyali. Uba, Godel Moszkowicz, ya yi aiki a kantin sayar da shirye-sanya tufafi kamar yadda wani magatakarda, da kuma mahaifiyarsa, Ita Abramovna, wani uwargida.

Eduard a 1905-1910 gg. Ya yi karatu a St Paul ta School a Odessa, a cikin 1910-1912 biennium. - Real School Zhukovsky, located a kan titi Kherson, kuma a 1913-1915 shekaru. - surveying a makaranta. Kamar yadda wani zanen, ya halarci wani handwritten mujallar bazawa, da ake kira "kwanaki na Our Lives." A shekara ta 1914 ya kasance editan a cikin PTA ofishin (Petersburg tangarahu Agency) a Odessa.

The ayoyin farko

Mawãƙi Eduard Bagritsky shayari rubuce-rubuce ta fara da wuri. Tuni a 1913-1914. a cikin anthology "Chords" da aka buga da halittar farko. Marubucin sanya hannu a matsayin Edward D. kuma fara yin amfani da laƙabi Deci, Edward da Nina Bagritsky iyãma tun 1915. A wannan lokaci a cikin Odessa wallafe-wallafen anthologies "Azurfa Kakaki" da "Auto a cikin girgije" da aka buga daga cikin neo-romantic shayari, a cikin abin da kwaikwayo na lura Vladimir Mayakovsky, L. Stevenson, N. Gumilev.

Ba da da ewa Bagritsky Edward ya zama shahararren adadi a cikin ƙungiyar matasa marubuta na Odessa. Ya so ya karanta a gaban matasa masu sauraro da ayyukansu.

1917-1923 gg.

A cikin bazara da kuma bazara na 1917 Bagritsky yi aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, da kuma a cikin fall samu magatakarda a cikin likita-pisatelny detachment Rasha Union of da rauni da kuma rashin lafiya. Ya dauki bangare a cikin Persian balaguro Baratova da kuma mayar da su zuwa Odessa a watan Fabrairu 1918. A lokacin yakin basasa, a watan Afrilu 1919, Bagritsky Edward sadaukar domin Red Army, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai taimakon (Shaiɗan) Tsakiya kwamitin zartarwa, kuma a lõkacin da ta sauya, ya aka nada malami na sashen siyasa a cikin bindiga Brigade. Cikin wannan zamani da ya rubuta farfaganda waqe.

A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1919 Edward koma zuwa Odessa, ya fara aiki a BUPe (Bureau of Ukrainian latsa). Tun May 1920, kamar yadda wani ɗan wasa da kuma mawãƙi yi aiki a YugROSTA (Kudancin ofishin na Ukrainian reshe na Rasha tangarahu Agency). Bagritsky ya marubucin yawa leaflets, posters da kuma sa hannu zuwa su. Ayyukansa da aka buga a Odessa comic mujallu da jaridu karkashin pseudonym Nina Voskresenskaya, Wani Bob, ma'aikacin Wakilanmu Highlanders.

A shirin na wani Ya. M. Belskogo a watan Agusta 1923 Bagritsky Eduard Nikolaev zo a, ya fara aiki a cikin Editorial ofishin na jaridar "Red Nikolaev" Sakatare. A wannan edition da ya waqe da aka buga. Bagritsky yi a tsari edited shayari karatu. A watan Oktoba na wannan shekara, da mawãƙi koma zuwa Odessa.

'yan shekarun nan

A shekara ta 1925, tare da jerawa na Kataeva Na koma zuwa Moscow Eduard Bagritsky. Tarihinsa da aka wadãtar da sabon nasarori. Ya shiga cikin wallafe-wallafen kungiyar "Wuce", da kuma a shekara daga baya ya koma Constructivists. A farko tarin waqe da aka saki a 1928 da kuma aka kira "Kudu maso Yamma". biyu tarin "nasara" ta bayyana a 1932.

Tun da 1930, da mawãƙi aggravated fuka - to ta ya ya sha wahala tun suna yara. Bagritsky Edward mutu a Moscow a kan Fabrairu 16, 1934. Aka binne shi a cikin Novodevichy hurumi.

iyali

A watan Disamba, 1920, da mawãƙi aure Lydia Gustavovna Swauk. A 1937, ta tura da kuma koma daga kurkuku kawai a 1956. Ma'auratan da wani ɗa, Vsevolod, kuma wani mawãƙi ba ne. A shekarar 1942, ya rasu a gaban.

halittar

Har yanzu, da songs sauti mai haske Bagritsky romantic waqe, ya littattafai suna Aka sake buga shi. mawãƙi ta kerawa, ko da a cikin wadannan kwanaki na muhawarar.

Alal misali, mai yawa na saɓani comments samu waka "Fabrairu", wanda aka buga bayan mutuwar Bagritsky. Wannan irin furci na Yahudawa matasa da suka halarci a cikin juyin juya halin. Publicists saurare anti-Semitic, mun nanata cewa da gwarzo na "Fabrairu", wanda fyade wata karuwa, shi ne da soyayya da makarantar sakandare, a ta fuskar aikata tashin hankali ga dukkan Rasha, da kuma ta haka rama da kunya "rashin gida da kakanninsu." Duk da haka, da ja-masu gashi kyakkyawa a lokaci guda ba ya duba a Rasha, da kuma gungu, kama da gwarzo, kunshi akalla kashi biyu cikin uku na Yahudawa.

Haske na 'yanci Eduarda Bagritskogo sa a cikin abin da ake kira Flemish sake zagayowar waqe-waqe da aka sadaukar har Eulenspiegel. Wannan sake zagayowar mawãƙi rubuta lifelong. Marubuci da Ishaku Babel, wani aboki na Edward, ya yi magana da shi a matsayin "Flemish" da kuma rubuta cewa dukan mutane a cikin haske nan gaba zai kunshi "aminci, fasaha, gaisuwa mazaunan Odessa, irin wannan Bagritsky".

Wannan m master aka ƙãra da rare son sha'awa impressionable, ya romantic shayari aka yaba gina wani sabon duniya. A lokaci guda Bagritsky kokarin da kanka zuwa ga fahimtar zaluntar na neman sauyi akida. A cikin waka da mawãƙi sa a rufe kanta rashin amincewa da Stalinist punitive gwamnatin, kunno kai a wannan lokaci.

Bagritsky kerawa rinjayi dukan galaxy na kasida. A cikin girmamawa, a Moscow titi mai suna.

Cikin shahararrun ayyukan

A 1926, da mawãƙi ya rubuta waka "Duma pro Opanas". Yana nuna ban tausayi adawa tsakanin Ukrainian kauyen boys Opanas mafarki to rayuwa a Ukraine maras tauyewa shiru kasar rai, da kuma Yahudawa da Kwamishinan Iosifa Kogana, kare gaskiya da duniya juyin juya halin. A lokacin akida kamfen a 1949. The waka da aka soki Ukrainian "Literary jaridar" ga "bourgeois-kasa nufi," wadda bisa ga Editorial bayyana a cikin murdiya da gaskiya, kuma da erroneous image na Ukrainian mutane a cikin image na ɗan fashi da deserter Opanas wanda yake iya don yin yaki domin wani haske nan gaba.

Famous aiki Bagritsky ne ma "talabijin" (aya rubuta a kan mutum fuska, mutuwa da tarin fuka, feverish yakan matacce Felix Dzherzhinskogo), "smugglers" (samfurin na da yawa bards, ciki har da Viktor Berkovskii, Leonid Utesov, saita zuwa music) "The mutuwa na majagaba" (ya a cikin movie 1962 "The Wild kare dingo" a kan makaranta Sabuwar Shekara ta biyayya karanta babban harafin).