Bututun a cikin Crimea. "Krasnodar yankin - Crimea" - da babban bututun iskar gas da tsawon kilomita 400

Babban bututun iskar gas "Krasnodar yankin - Crimea" fara aiki a watan Disamba 2016 tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa tabbatar da ainihin man fetur ikon tashoshin Larabawa, located a garuruwan Simferopol da Sevastopol. A bututun da aka tsara don samar da har zuwa misali abin dogara da kuma barga aiki na gas watsa tsarin a cikin Crimean sashin, wanda na bukatar a manyan maimaitawa saboda da kananan kundin na gas da kuma yin amfani da rabu amfani da wurin.

Abubuwan da ake bukata domin bututun yi

A cikin fall na 2015 kafin mazaunan Crimea akwai wani tsanani karancin wutar lantarki, a matsayin Ukrainian-Tatar gwagwarmaya hura tashi 'yan zuwa ga Larabawa watsa hasumiyarki. Kawai godiya ga mai kyau weather da kuma gina karkashin ruwa da makamashi gada da Crimea daga Kuban sashin gudanar don kauce wa matsaloli da yawa. Ba kasa rikitarwa halin da ake ciki ta taso a cikin baza tsarin.

Crimea a lokacin da Accession zuwa Rasha da aka samar a kowace shekara a kusa da biliyan 2. Cube. mita gas a ciki amfani 1.6 biliyan. shigen sukari. m. Idan muka kimanta wadannan bayanai, da sashin ya wani fili matsaloli.

Duk da haka, da Crimea gas masana'antu yana da yawan fasali. A musamman, domin hankula Crimean irregularly cinye gas, Ina nufin ceton lokaci amfani iya zama a ranar 2 Mill. Cu. m, kuma a lokacin da dumama kakar - 10-13 miliyan cubic mita .. m. Bugu da kari, gas amfani karu a kan sashin saboda lantarki matsaloli.

Game da gas, shi ba zai iya cin zarafi canza: rage ko, a akasin haka, karuwa, dangane da kakar da kuma bukatun da ƙasa. Domin cikakken isasshen gas ga hunturu kakar, akwai Glebovskoe gas ajiya a Crimean aiki wanda nawa zuwa 1 biliyan. Cube. m. Amma a yanzu shi ne ba a yi amfani da cikakken. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙarin hakowa da kuma shigar da kayan aiki dole a gudanar da wani mai kara amfani ga kara gas samar. A halin yanzu, yawan gas da ake samarwa a cikin teku faduwa. Saboda haka, domin lokacin 2014-2015 gg. shi ya fadi to 1.8 biliyan. cubic mita. m.

Daya mafi muhimmanci shi: da shiri daga cikin matsalolin da Ukraine teku. Mafi iko da kuma alamar gas filayen a cikin tẽku teku ne Odessa. An located zuwa tekun na Odessa ne da yawa kusa fiye da a Crimean sashin, kuma, saboda haka, Ukraine yana da shi mafi dama. A filin da aka sarrafa jim kadan kafin a farkon na Crimean reshe, da kuma ba tare da albarkatun, da sashin zai zama da wuya a magance da wani gas matsalar, saboda shi ya ba game da 60% na jimlar gas samar a cikin Crimea.

Wadannan dalilai sun kai ga bukatar da za a duba lokaci na da tsare-tsaren domin gina bututun, kamar yadda asali shirya ya gama da bututun a cikin Crimea da karshen shekara ta 2017, tare da yi na biyu high-ikon gas CHP raka'a a Sevastopol da Simferopol.

Ma'ana bututun Crimea

Construction na bututun, a cikin Crimea ne haƙiƙa larura. Wannan zai inganta gas wadata ga sashin, kuma musamman ta fi hadaddun ƙauyuka - Sevastopol da Kerch. Bugu da kari, shi zai bunkasa AMINCI na Crimean gas sufuri tsarin. Babban aiki na yi - tabbatar da samar da makamashi tsaro na Crimea.

Great darajar Crimea gasification zai yi Kuban tattalin arzikin. Construction na bututun zai kawo ƙarin kudaden shiga ga kasafin kudin na Krasnodar yankin, da kuma za su taimaka wajen rage rashin aikin yi. The girma a haraji kudaden shiga zai zama da farko saboda da haraji a kan dukiya kayayyakin more rayuwa. Akwai da yawa muhawara game da muhalli bangaren na aikin, wato, ko da gina bututun zai kai ga wani tabarbarewar Kare Mahalli na lake Tuzla da Kerch mashigar, amma masana sun ce wani mummunan muhalli tasirin da ya kamata a sa ran. Bugu da kari, gina bututun zai kara kyawawa na Krasnodar yankin domin masu zuba jari. Har ila yau, ciko da yankin kasafin kudin zai taimakawa ga sufuri zargin.

Bututun "Krasnodar yankin - Crimea": babban halaye na

Su ne:

• 1A matakin da alhakin;
• kariya da girgizar kasa aiki 7-9 maki.
• m sabis rai - 50 years.
• da yiwuwar jerawa - har zuwa biliyan 4 cubic mita .. m / shekara.
• a kalla turawa-75 kgf.
• bututu diamita 500-700 mm.

zane alama

Babban bututun iskar gas da aka tsara don samar da iskar gas zuwa biyu Crimean thermal ikon shuka tare da damar 380 MW. Yana zai cikakken hadu da bukatar wutar lantarki na Larabawa.

A bututun runs daga Crimea, "ta Kudu" tashar a kasa na mashigar Kerch a farkon zuwa Simferopol sa'an nan zuwa Sevastopol. A bututun gudanar tare da bangarori daban-daban, don haka ta yi bukata bututu daban-daban diameters.

Bututun hadawa karkashin kasa da kuma karkashin ruwa rufi. Zane na bututun da aka za'ayi dangane da daya muhimmanci - samar da kariya a kan girgizar kasa aiki a 7-9 points.

Design da kuma binciken da aiki (DSW) a cikin shigarwa na bututun yi Crimean Institute "shata". Zane na bututun bukatar gagarumin kudi da zuba jari. Yana amounted zuwa RUR 149.833.000 ..

shigarwa na bututun iskar gas

Basic shigarwa ayyukan da aka danƙa ga masana na kamfanin "Stroygazmontazh". Har ila yau, aiki a kan aikin Crimean kamfanonin da hannu.

A bututun tsawon kilomita 400 da aka gina a cikin uku bulan:

• a ƙasar rabo tsawon 1.2 km, wanda gudanar ta hanyar da ƙasa Taman sashin.
• rabo mikawa ta hanyar Kerchensky matsatsiyar biyu zaren, a tsawon na 16 km: babban da kuma ajiye.
• onshore sashe, game 20.4 km dogon, gudanar ta hanyar da ƙasa na Kerch Larabawa.

Gina bututun iskar gas

Yi na shimfida bututun da aka za'ayi a wani kara taki. Oktoba 1, 2015 sayan kilomita 200 daga bututu da aka yi, da kuma a cikin bazara na shekarar 2016 da bututun iskar gas a cikin Crimea ya riga shirya a 30%.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 da aka kammala yardar duk dole takardun ga aikin GlavGosExpertisa a kan site "Kuban-Crimea", kuma a watan Mayu na Crimean ɓangare na bututun.

By Satumba 2016 da aikin ya riga an yi ta 90%. A watan Nuwamba, 2016 da Crimea sake maido da gas wadata zuwa Ukrainian Genichesk, wanda duk wannan lokaci ya gazodefitsit. Tun da gina bututun an kusan kammala, aka yanke shawarar ci gaba da wadata.

Gamawa na yi da commissioning na bututun iskar gas da aka gama Disamba 27, 2016.

kudi na aikin

Biyan kudin aikin gina bututun da aka za'ayi a kudi na Rasha jihar kasafin kudin. Domin ganin shi ya kama game da biliyan 20. Rub., Daga wadda 14 BN. Rub. Suka yi amfani da su, wajen sayen kayan da ake bukata domin gina da shigarwa na bututun.

sharuddan

Da farko, da ƙarshe na gina wani bututun iskar gas daga Kuban zuwa Crimea shirya Disamba 2017. Amma saboda da dakushe gas samar a cikin Crimea da kuma kaifi karuwa a amfani, da sharuddan da aka canja. A bututun da aka sa a cikin aiki, a wannan shekarar.

Da bude daga cikin bututun

Bututun iskar gas daga Rasha zuwa Crimea ya kan da yawa a baya lokacin. Disamba 27, 2016 shugaban kasar Rasha Vladimir Putin ya fara gas a kan shi.

A total tsawon shi ne 358,7 km. Total shigarwa na bututun za'ayi 1,200 mutane, 460 injiniya raka'a, 40 jiragen ruwa.

kara da tsare-tsaren

Bisa wani sabon bututun iskar gas da aka shirya don gina biyu ikon shuke-shuke da cewa zai cikakken hadu da makamashi bukatun da Crimea. Gamawa na gina ikon shuke-shuke da aka shirya domin shekara ta 2018.

Energy ma shirin gina sabbin kuma remodel da haihuwa akwati gas bututun da a total tsawon na 70 km da 2,500 km na Inter-yarjejeniya gas bututun Crimean. Bugu da kari, takwas famfo tashoshin suna faruwa a kara gina a cikin Crimea.

Saboda haka, da gina bututun a cikin Crimea an haƙiƙa larura. A gas sufuri tsarin na sashin ya cikin wani mawuyacin halin da ake ciki, tun hunturu 2016 Larabawa iya ba da kansa samar da abokan ciniki a wani isasshen adadin gas. Rage adadin gas samar a cikin teku teku, kazalika da karuwa a amfani a cikin sashin kai ga bukatar hanzarta yi lokaci. A sakamakon haka, da bututun da aka sa a cikin aiki shekara guda baya - a watan Disamba 2016. Hanzarta gina bututun iskar gas da ya yarda ya dauke hani ga dalilai na sashin da aka canjawa wuri da baya daga man fetur da man fetur zuwa gas.

Bututun a cikin Crimea zai taimaka wajen kara rapprochement na sashin tare da babban yankin kasar Rasha. Project Commissioning, ba karkatar hannun jari Glebovskiy gas ajiya da kuma rage kansa samar, za su ƙara game da miliyan 13. Cubic mita. mita gas da rana. Wannan ya kamata isa, ko idan hunturu za su kasance mai sanyi. Amma duk da haka da kananan gefe na aminci. Duk da haka, bisa ga hasashen ga sabon gas-kora thermal ikon shuke-shuke da wannan girma zai zama kananan. By karshen shekara ta 2017 an shirya gina wani biyu bututun iskar gas, kazalika da maimaitawa na Glebovskiy gas ajiya wurare, saboda wanda iyãwarsa za a ƙara a biyu (idan maimaitawa za a za'ayi a daidai da Ukrainian shirin), ko sau hudu. Wannan karshe warware duk data kasance da matsaloli tare da gas sufuri tsarin a cikin Rasha Crimea, ko da shan la'akari da gaba girma na gas amfani da kuma kara rage Crimean gas samar.

Duk da haka, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Henichesk zai ci gaba da dogara a kan Crimean gas kayayyaki, tun ba da matakan magance wannan matsala da aka dauka ga shekara ta Ukrainian hukumomi. Su ne kawai ya shawarci jama'a da su kafa madadin dumama zabin. A halin yanzu halin da ake ciki, tare da gina wani bututun iskar gas daga ɓangaren duniya na Rasha Federation a Crimea - shi ba zai zama da matsala ga sashin.