Canjin Lorentz

Masana kwantar da hankali - masanan, wanda ke nazarin motsin jiki tare da matakan kusa da gudun haske.

A kan tushen da musamman dangantakar ka'idar tantance manufar simultaneity na biyu abubuwan da suke faruwa a daban-daban inertial Frames na reference. Wannan ita ce dokar Lorentz. Ka yi la'akari da cewa an ba mu tsarin XOY mai tsayi da kuma tsarin X1O1Y1 wanda ke motsawa game da tsarin XOY tare da gudu V. Mun gabatar da bayanin:

ХОУ = К, Х1О1У1 = К1.

Za mu ɗauka cewa a cikin tsarin biyu akwai matakai na musamman da photocells, wanda aka samo a maki AC da A1C1. Nisa tsakanin su zasu zama daidai. Daidai a tsakiya tsakanin A da C, A1 da C1 suna, bi da bi, B da B1 a cikin ƙungiyar sakawa na fitilun lantarki. Wadannan kwararan fitila suna littafi guda ɗaya a lokacin da B da B1 suna fuskantar juna.

Yi la'akari da cewa a farkon lokaci na lokaci tsarin K da K1 sun haɗu, amma kullun sun haɗa da juna. A lokacin motsi na K1 dangane da K a cikin sauri V a wani lokaci na lokaci, B da B1 zasu daidaita. A wannan lokaci a lokaci, kwararan fitila da suke cikin wadannan matakan zasu haske. Mai lura, wanda yake a cikin tsarin K1, yana gyara bayyanarwar haske a cikin Al da kuma Cl. Bugu da ƙari, mai lura a tsarin K yana daidaita bayyanar haske a cikin A da C. A wannan yanayin, idan mai kulawa a tsarin K ya tsara yaduwar haske a cikin tsarin K1, zai lura cewa hasken da ya fito daga B1 ba ya kai lokaci daya A1 da C1 . Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tsarin K1 motsa tare da gudu v dangi ga tsarin K.

Wannan kwarewa ya tabbatar da cewa bisa ga agogon mai kallo a cikin tsarin K1, abubuwan da suka faru a A1 da C1 suna faruwa a lokaci guda, kuma bisa ga agogon mai lura a cikin tsarin K, waɗannan abubuwan sun faru ba su da juna ɗaya. Wato, lokacin lokaci ya dogara da yanayin tsarin tunani.

Saboda haka, sakamakon bincike ya nuna cewa daidaito, wanda aka karɓa a cikin ma'anan yanayi, an dauke shi mara kyau, wato: t = t1.

Bai wa ilmi da kayan yau da kullum na musamman dangantakar da a sakamakon bincike da kuma sa na gwaje-gwajen da shawarar Lorenz lissafi (Lorentz canji) cewa inganta gargajiya Galileo canji.

Ka yi la'akari da cewa a cikin tsarin K akwai wani sashe AB wanda ke da iyakarta ta ƙarshe A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2). An san shi daga gyaran Lorentz cewa sassan y1 da y2, da z1 da z2, sun bambanta game da canjin Galilean. Hakanan x1 da x2, bi da bi, sun bambanta dangane da daidaitattun Lorentz.

Sa'an nan tsayin kashi na AB a cikin tsarin K1 ya dace daidai da sauyawa a cikin sashin A1B1 a cikin tsarin K. Saboda haka, raguwa na relativistic na tsawon raƙuman ana kiyaye saboda karuwa a cikin sauri.

Daga Lorentz fitarwa yi da wadannan: a gudun wanda yake kusa da gudun haske, akwai wani abin da ake kira lokaci dilation (tagwaye paradox).

Bari lokacin tsakanin abubuwa biyu a cikin tsarin K a matsayin t = t2-t1, kuma a cikin tsarin K1 lokacin tsakanin abubuwa biyu an bayyana azaman t = t22-t11. Lokaci a cikin tsarin daidaitawa game da abin da aka dauka a gyara shi ne ake kira lokaci na tsarin. Idan lokacin dace a cikin tsarin K ya fi lokaci dace a cikin tsarin K1, to zamu iya cewa gudun ba ze ba.

A cikin wayar tafi da gidanka K, an jinkirta lokaci, wanda aka auna a cikin wani tsari mai tsada.

Masana sun san cewa idan jikin ya motsa zumunta tare da tsarin tsarin kulawa tare da sauri V1, kuma irin wannan tsarin yana motsawa dangane da tsarin daidaitaccen tsarin tare da sauri V2, sa'annan sakon jikin jikin game da tsarin daidaitawa wanda aka tsara shine V = V1 + V2.

Wannan tsari ba dace da ƙayyade ƙwayar jikin ba a cikin masana'antu na ladabi. Don irin wannan na'ura, inda aka yi amfani da gyaran Lorentz, wannan mahimman tsari yana riƙe da:

V = (V1 + V2) / (1 + V1V2 / cc).