Cheekbone. Boko aiwatar da zygomatic kashi

Daya daga cikin su guda biyu abubuwa ne gaba, na daga cikin kwanyar zygomatic kashi. Yana Forms da zygomatic baka, wanda shi ne ya yi iyaka da rami Haikali.

tsarin fasali

Jugal ne quadrangular farantin memba. Ta riqe da gaban (visceral) na kwanyar da kwakwalwa sashen. Bugu da kari, shi zai iya taimaka connect da maxillary sphenoid, na boko da kuma frontal. Duk wannan Halicci m harsashin shi.

Akwai uku surface kunsha zygomatic kashi. Anatomy Highlights da buccal (a kaikaice), da na boko da kuma orbital sassa.

A farko daya ne convex. Yana tafiyar matakai amfani uku guda biyu zuwa ga maxilla, frontal da kuma na boko lobes. A orbital part aka hannu a cikin samuwar a kaikaice orbital bango da kuma wani ɓangare na da tushe. Boko lobe ne da hannu a cikin samuwar bango na infratemporal fossa, kuma ta jirgin sama ya juya baya.

A surface na zygomatic kashi

A orbital rabo ne m, shi ne ake nufi a cikin samuwar cikin agara madawwama biyu, wato wani m bango rabo da kuma kasa rabo. Waje wannan surface shi zama lobnoosnovnoy tsari, da kuma a gaban da iyaka infraorbital baki. Yana kuma sanya musamman zygomaticofacial orbital rami. A orbital surface frontal aiwatar qunshi da-alama tadawa.

Boko surface ta a cikin gida da kuma na baya. Ta daukan bangare a cikin samuwar na gaba bango na gidan ibada fossa. Shi ne kuma zygomaticofacial boko rami. Zygoma boko appendage mikawa daga ta raya kusurwa, an haɗa zuwa zygomatic tsari na boko kashi. Tare da suke samar da zygomatic baka. Tsakanin su ne da ake kira boko-zygomatic dinki.

Wani raba kashi surface ne Malar. Shi ne m, convex siffar da musamman tudu da zygomaticofacial rami. Its semicircular babba baki ne iyakar ƙofar gefe na kewayewa da kasa. Lobnoosnovnoy tsari (dauke da wani bangare) - shi ne verhnenaruzhnogo rabo daga ce surface. A gaban da sassa shi ne fadada fiye da a baya. Zygomatic aiwatar da frontal kashi ne da alaka da shi. Tsakanin su ne skuloverhnechelyustnoy kabu. An located a kan raya gefen sama na uku da tsari, wanda ake kira akan.

Har ila yau cheekbone lazimta tare da babban reshe kashi kira sandan. Su fili Forms sandan-zygomatic dinki.

Features

Saboda girman wannan musamman kashi na gyara man fuska kwanyar, halittarsa, sasanninta cewa an kafa tare da gaban saman, ayyana jiki irin, jinsi, tseren, shekaru.

Masana sun lura 2 matakai na raya kasa na zygomatic kashi: kashi da connective nama. Abin lura shi ne cewa 2-3 yanki na ossification bayyana a farko trimester ciki. Su riga a watanni 3 na fetal ci gaba.

Shi ne kuma lura da cewa a wani bangare na orbital ƙasũsuwan da wani bakin ciki bincike za a iya isa ga ta perforating tashar dan lido bizygomatic-boko da kuma zygomaticofacial rami.

zai yiwu rauni

A hali na lalacewar mutum ba za a iya fitar da mulki a karaya na zygomatic kashi. An halin nakasawa da kuma karyata alaka filin. A nizhneglaznoy bangare a cikin zygomatic baka yanki za ka iya ganin abin da ake kira mataki. A lokaci guda akwai matsaloli a lokacin da kokarin bude bakinsa ko yin kaikaice ƙungiyoyi muƙamuƙi. Fractures suna tare da zub da jini a cikin akan tantanin ido da ido da kuma asarar abin mamaki, numbness a yankin na infraorbital jijiya.

Idan zygomatic kashi ya canja muhimmanci, akwai iya zama hanci zub da jini daga wani bangare na wannan gefe, da kuma Heart hangen nesa, wanda marasa lafiya bayyana a matsayin biyu abubuwa. Amma daidai da lifiya mai yiwuwa ne kawai bayan X-ray jarrabawa.

kwantar da hankali

Idan gaskiyar da zygomatic kashi karaya da aka tabbatar a cikin hoton, yana nufin cewa wajibi ne a mayar da ilimin Halittar Jiki mutunci. Wannan ne yake aikata tare da taimakon reposition tarkace a daidai matsayi. Bayan haka, yana da kyawawa don har yanzu gyara. Idan akwai wani muhallinsa, da magani yana da iyaka ga miyagun ƙwayoyi far da jiki far saduwa.

Surgery dawo da

M baki ne kawai ake bukata a cikin kwarai lokuta. Wadannan sun hada da yanayi a lokacin da zygomatic kwanyar kashi ya karayar, kuma ta tafiyar matakai an canja.

All m hanyoyin za a iya raba intraoral da extraoral. Isar da aka sani da suna hanyoyin Limberg, Gillies, Dingman. Sun kasance a cikin extraoral dabaru.

A wasu lokuta, za a iya mayar da mutunci ta hanyar wani incision a cikin baka rami. Idan zygomatic kashi gyarawa da titanium mini-faranti, shi na samar da mafi barga sakamakon.

Bayan dauke da fitar da wani daga cikin iri na shisshigi shi ne muhimmanci a kauce wa wani zai yiwu hijirar daga kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. A saboda wannan dalili ya zama dole don takura da motsi na da bakinka, sha wani ruwa da kuma taushi abinci, ba sa barci a kan ya shafa gefe na fuska.

Description extraoral hanyoyin

Limberg Hanyar ta'allaka ne da cewa ta hanyar wani na musamman huda (wani lokacin, duk da haka, yin kananan giciye-sashe) na zygomatic baka ne ya gabatar a cikin rami guda-toothed ƙugiya a cikin kasa baki. The mutuncin kashi ne rage motsi, wanda shi ne a cikin shugabanci daura da hijira. Lokacin da shi idan aka kwatanta da kafa zuwa daidai matsayi na wani click aka ji. Wannan ya mayar da fasali na fuska. Har ila yau bace mataki, wanda ya a cikin ƙananan gefen falaki.

A domin dawo da mutunci da surface da kuma sa a wurin da wani boko tsari na zygomatic kashi za a iya amfani da Gillies Hanyar. Aiki likita sa wani incision a cikin fatar kan mutum. Duk da haka, ya dissects fata, subcutaneous nama da kuma na boko fascia. Ta hanyar incision karkashin lif an ciyar da zygomatic kashi ko baka, shi ne ya gabatar a karkashin gauze. Next, musamman kayan aiki, wanda aka yi amfani a matsayin liba otlomok kafa a daidai matsayi.

Bisa ga hanya a cikin Dingman infratemporal rami sanya ta wata 1.5 cm incision retractor gudanar. A dissection aka yi a cikin yankin na kaikaice Brow yankin. A wannan yanayin, bayan na maido da kashi surface mutuncin marubucin dabara da shawarar a gabatar da wani waya kabu kusa da kasa gefen ido soket, inda ne frontal tsari na zygomatic kashi.

intraoral dabaru

Idan kana so ka cire wasu svobodnolezhaschie kashi da wani ɓaɓɓake, jini clots, na mucosa, shi ci gaba sauran hanyoyin da tiyata. Wannan shi ne zai yiwu ne kawai a lokacin intraoral ayyukan da ake so a yi wani duba na maxillary sinus.

Don mayar da mutunci da kashi incision an sanya a yankin na tsaka ninka na alveolar kashi. Lokacin da wannan peeled-periosteal kada na mucous. Wannan ne yake aikata ta yin amfani da wani retractor ko Buyalsky ruwa, wanda aka gudanar a karkashin zygomatic tsari na boko kashi.

A dauke da fitar da wannan aiki shi ne kuma zai yiwu a reposition kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa kasa kwasfa. A saboda wannan dalili daidai sinus sanya yodoformny tampon. Ya kamata ya cika shi m ga ci gaba da kashi abubuwa for 10-14 kwana a daidai matsayi. Karshen ce tampon aka nuna a cikin ƙananan hanci meatus. Domin wannan pre-aiyuka anastomosis.

Kulle kashi jirgin sama a daidai wuri ta amfani da titanium faranti ko mini-waya Weld rufi yanki a cikin frontal tsari, da ƙananan gefen ido kwasfansu, tsefe, da ake kira alveolar zygomaticofacial. Duk da haka, da farko hanya an dauki mafi m.

lokuta na musamman

A wasu yanayi na bukatar da yin amfani da implants. Suna sanya a kashi lahani. Sau da yawa, likitoci bayar da shawarar a lokuta na musamman don amfani yumbu implants cewa su ne bisa hydroxyapatite a hade tare da titanium faranti.

A karkashin dace alamomi shi yiwuwa a dauki decompression infraorbital jijiya. Wannan ne yake aikata ta sakewa intracanal da sãshensa kuma motsi da shi a cikin falaki. Don warware lahani na alveolar kashi dagi za a iya amfani da a implants sanya na TiNi. Wannan na bukatar da dawo da epithelial rufi na hanci sinuses via bude yatsun kunci ko dasa sama. Irin wannan dabara iya rage hadarin maxillary sinusitis, wanda zai iya ci gaba bayan wani rauni.

Amfani da waje seams, za ka iya kulle zygomatic baka. Don wannan karshen, shi ne sutured zuwa kwano sanya na sauri-hardening roba. Karkashin shi dole ya shirya yodoformnuyu gauze. Yana taimaka wajen kauce wa bedsores.