Cretinism - shi .. Alamun, magani, yin rigakafi da ganewar asali

Cretinism - wani cuta na endocrine tsarin, wanda yana tare da rage aiki na thyroid gland shine yake. Wannan shi ne wani fairly na kowa cuta cewa yawanci bayyana a cikin shimfiɗar jariri. To, abin da suke na farko bayyanar cututtuka? The m take hakkin da kira na thyroid hormones? Ashe, akwai wani tasiri jiyya? Amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi za su ban sha'awa ga masu karatu da dama.

Taƙaitaccen bayani game da tsarin da kuma aiki na thyroid

Cretinism - wata cuta da ake dangantawa da illa thyroid aiki. Saboda haka, a fara da shi zai zama da amfani don matsahi na saba da janar bayani game da aikin wannan jiki.

Thyroid nufin da gland na ciki mugunya. Shi ne m zuwa guringuntsi na maƙogwaro kunshi da dama da hagu lobe da Isthmus a haɗa su. Babban gland shine yake hormones da aka bã thyroxine da triiodothyronine, wanda kira na faruwa ne kawai idan isasshen yawa na aidin. Bugu da ƙari, wannan jiki samar da wasu sauran aiki abubuwa, musamman calcitonin (a hormone alhakin alli metabolism a cikin jiki).

Thyroid aiki kuma dogara a kan aiki na hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin a cikin kwakwalwa. A pituitary gland shine yake saki thyroid-haramta motsa hormone, wanda activates tafiyar matakai na kira na thyroid ji ba gani. A abu samar a cikin hypothalamus, wanda sarrafa pituitary.

Tare da sa hannu na thyroid hormone auku tafiyar matakai kamar:

• metabolism na adipose nama Lalacewar, kira da rashin lafiya na gina jiki.
• da samuwar makamashi, wanda wajibi ne ga tsoka da kuma juyayi tsarin.
• kara jini glucose matakan.
• Aiki da juyayi da kuma tsarin endocrine (thyroid hormones rinjayen aiki na sauran endocrine gland).
• Kai na daban-daban abubuwa to Kwayoyin.

Tare da rage daga cikin adadin thyroid hormone tasowa da cutar kira hypothyroidism. Bi da bi, wannan cuta na iya kai wa ga cretinism, myxedema, da kuma sauran tafka magudi a kan wani ɓangare na endocrine tsarin.

Hypothyroidism da bambance-bambancen karatu

A gaskiya ma, akwai mutane da yawa da tsarin na rarrabuwa da cutar. Mafi sau da yawa, yara sha cretinism, kamar yadda cutar suna da wani m. A daya hannun, shi za a iya samu - faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu dalilai.

Dangane da dalilin da dama iri Pathology:

• primary hypothyroidism, wanda ake dangantawa da illa thyroid aiki.
• secondary nau'i na cutar da ya auku a kan wani bango na wani matsalar aiki na samfur na pituitary.
• Manyan hypothyroidism, a cikinta akwai wata matsalar aiki na samfur a cikin tsari a kan wani ɓangare na hypothalamus.
• take hakkin da ýan da manufa sel (a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki da hormones ake samar a isa yawa, amma wadannan Kwayoyin ba m).

Yadu da aka sani shi ne wani nau'i na cutar kamar yadda wadan cretinism - wani sabon abu da aka lura da tsakanin mazauna yankunan da kasa aidin.

Cretinism: Sanadin

Nan da nan yana da daraja cewa akwai da yawa abubuwan da za su iya kai wa ga irin wannan cututtuka. Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, cretinism rinjayar da yara suka yi thyroid hormone rashi. Kuma irin wannan jiha na iya zama ko dai nakasar ko samu.

Ga dalilai na nakasar hypothyroidism sun hada da:

• nakasar hypoplasia ko rashi na thyroid gland shine yake da yaro.
• sakawa a iska mai guba na ciki mace ko shan magunguna da cewa rage aiki na gland shine yake.
• thyroid cuta a cikin mahaifiyarsa a lokacin daukar ciki.
• kwayoyin cuta, wanda a cikin sa kãmun keta aidin thyroid nama.
• kwayoyin rigakafi ga ciwon daji na pituitary hormones.
• nakasar cutar da cewa disrupts da hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin.

Bi da bi, ya samu wani nau'i na cutar iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban dalilai:

• kasa adadin aidin a cikin abinci na mace mai ciki ko yaro.
• Hashimoto ta thyroiditis.
• kumburi da thyroid gland shine yake.
• rauni ko tiyata a cikin thyroid gland shine yake.
• rauni, da ciwon kumburi, da kuma tiyata a kan kwakwalwa, wanda suna tare da raunuka na hypothalamic-pituitary axis.
• kwakwalwa ƙari.

Take hakkin da cell ji na ƙwarai to hormones, thyroid

Irin wannan yanayin ne nakasar da kuma dangantaka da wasu kwayoyin dabiu, cuta da kuma chromosomal DNA tsarin. A wannan cuta hormones an hada a cikin al'ada adadin, amma da manufa cell ba m zuwa gare su. Gada daga iyaye da kuma kusan untreatable.

Cretinism a yara: abin da yake cikin hatsari?

A gaskiya, wannan cuta ne musamman m, saboda thyroid hormones wasu har sarrafa aiki na kusan dukan jiki. Saboda haka abin da sakamakon na iya haifar da cuta?

Cretinism rinjayar da ci gaban da kwakwalwa, inda hakan ya sauka da shi. A musamman, kan bango da cutar akwai wani cigaban cuta daga cikin jijiya zaruruwa, kazalika da rage a jimlar yawan neurons da samuwar abubuwa da hana na ayyuka na kwakwalwa.

Babu shakka, da hasara sa ta thyroid hormones da sauran disturbances a cikin jiki, musamman:

• slowing girma matakai.
• tsoka rauni.
• rage a samar da sunadarai da ikon sadarwa;
• hargitsi a cikin kwarangwal ci gaba;
• hemodyscrasia matakai.
• wani raunana na rigakafi da tsarin.
• matsalar aiki na samfur na endocrine tsarin, musamman cikin adrenal gland shine yake, gonads.
• wani matsalar aiki na samfur da kodan, hanta, hanjinsu, ciki;
• take hakkin da ayyuka na fata.

Hakika, idan irin wannan matsaloli bayyana a farkon yara, da in babu magani a can ne take hakkin da aikin na kusan duk sashin jiki tsarin.

A farko alamun cutar a yara

A kadai hanyar gano cutar a jarirai ne mai jini gwajin ga hormone. Cretinism a farko 2-3 watanni na rayuwa, kusan ba ya faruwa. Duk da haka, likita zai iya lura da wani karu a ci, nakasa daga 'ya'yan hanci numfashi, m narkewa kamar matsaloli, low zuciya kudi da kuma manyan fontanelles a cikin kwanyar da suke da dogon overgrown.

A matsayin ci gaban da jariri za a iya gani, da kuma wasu, mafi tsanani bayyanar cututtuka. A baby da aka samun nauyi sannu a hankali amma dubi plump kamar yadda yiwuwa ga edema. Wani lokaci akwai azãba mai tsanani kumburi harshe. Disproportionate shugaban size kamar yadda jiki a baya a ci gaba. Wadannan yara sukan kasance m hanci gada da kuma kunkuntar idanu, kazalika da takaice da kuma m wuyansa. Za ka iya lura da wasu sauran cuta - da yaro kullum drowsy, lethargic, uncommunicative. Tare da shekaru, za ka iya lura da wani bata lokaci ba na shafi tunanin mutum da ci gaba.

Cretinism cututtuka a adult marasa lafiya

Idan untreated, da cututtuka kawai zama m tare da shekaru. Mutane fama da cretinism, da sosai halayyar siffofin jikinta, kamar short jiki, jiki sassa na fidda. Haka kuma an halin da m kumburi, clumsiness saboda yanayin jikinsu, kwancen kafa, illa motsi a cikin daban-daban gidajen abinci. Akwai kuma na musamman fasali, kamar high goshi, babban lebe, high cheekbones, kullum protruding harshe, protruding kunnuwa.

Kusan dukan marasa lafiya da irin wannan ganewar asali sha daga shafi tunanin mutum retardation zuwa sãɓãwar launukansa digiri. Har ila yau, akwai da dama ji da kuma jawabin, wani lokacin har zuwa kurãme-mutism. Tun da aiki na jima'i gland an rage, yana yiwuwa rasa haihuwa. Bugu da kari, wadannan mutane mãsu kasãla, m, apathetic da wahala daga wasu irin shafi tunanin mutum da cuta.

Hanyoyin zamani na ganewar asali

Idan akwai tuhuma kamata nan da nan tuntubar likita. Kawai gwani sani cewa shi ne hypothyroidism, cututtuka da kuma magani wanda muka tattauna a yau. Ga cikakken ganewar asali hukunci kadai dubawa endocrinologist kasa.

Don fara, gudanar da jini gwaje-gwaje domin hormone matakan da thyroid gland shine yake. Af, wasu marasa lafiya na iya samar da abin da ake kira wucin gadi hypothyroidism, don haka da gwaje-gwaje wuce sake wasu lokaci daga baya. A da yawa kananan dakunan shan magani dauki jini daga jarirai domin rigakafin bincike.

Daga baya kuma gudanar da duban dan tayi thyroid gland shine yake, kuma ma, idan ya cancanta, da kuma Doppler Duplex scanning. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje sa shi yiwuwa domin sanin girman da prostate, da kasancewa ƙaruwa, canje-canje a cikin tsokoki na thyroid gland shine yake marurai, kazalika da jihar jini ya kwarara.

Yara ma ya nuna X-ray ƙashi, yadda a yara da cutar ne jinkirin kwarangwal ossification. Idan ya cancanta, da mãsu haƙuri kuma nazarin kimiyya ko pediatrician, neurologist, orthopedist, likita hauka - taimaka wa likitoci gane gaban rikitarwa, kuma su dõka up wani magani regimen.

Hanyar zalunta wata cuta

Kawai ka likita sanin abin da yake hypothyroidism (cututtuka da kuma lura da wannan cuta, zai yiwu rikitarwa - duk wadannan abubuwa da ya kamata a tattauna tare da wata sana'a), kuma kawai ya iya taimaka maka. Saboda haka, a cikin wani hali, kada ka manta da shawarar masana.

Matsayin mai mulkin, marasa lafiya ya kamata sami sauyawa far - sun dauki hormonal kwayoyi da cewa yin up da kasawa na halitta hormones thyroid. A musamman, shi ne quite tasiri ne da miyagun ƙwayoyi «L- thyroxine". Bugu da ari, magani regimen iya hada bitamin gidaje, nootropic kwayoyi ( "cerebro", "Pyracetam", "Nootropil"), kazalika da medicament domin inganta ayyuka na kariya da kuma na tsarin jijiya kyallen takarda ikon ( "Lipotserebrin", "Pantogam", " encephabol ").

An muhimmin bangaren da magani ne ta dace rage cin abinci, wanda zai samar da isasshen yawa na aidin. Dangane da yanayin haƙuri iya bukatar taimako neurologist ko likita hauka. A nan gaba, da yaro dole ne ko da yaushe sha wani likita jarrabawa da kuma daukar da gwaje-gwaje, sakamakon wanda likita zai iya daidaita da magani regimen.

Mene ne gaba ga marasa lafiya?

Cretinism - wata cuta ne musamman m, kamar yadda za a iya ma da kai ga tawaya. Duk da haka, mafi sau da yawa a cikin farkon ganewar asali da kuma dace lura da wani haƙuri iya taimaka. Daidaita da thyroid kuma pituitary gland take kaiwa zuwa da kawar da rayuwa cuta.

Duk da haka, ba dukkan lokuta, da rikitarwa za a iya kauce masa. Alal misali, lokacin da fara marigayi kwakwalwa lalacewar far zama. Eh, da kuma wasu kwayoyin cututtuka suna da wuyar ko symptomatic magani.

Shin akwai tasiri hanyoyin da rigakafin?

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa cretinism - wani sosai tsanani cutar, wanda, a wani hali ba za a iya watsi da. Tare da farkon ganewa da kuma dace magani za a iya kauce masa ta hanyar da ta dace nauyi rikitarwa. Hakika, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya na ko za mu iya hana ci gaban cuta.

Akwai wasu sauki dokoki, wanda masana bayar da shawarar a kalla. Alal misali, a wuraren da cutar ne na kowa, muna bukatar mu gudanar da wani overall prophylaxis, musamman wajen saka idanu da isasshen abun ciki na aidin a rage cin abinci.

Saboda cretinism rinjayar yara, wanda thyroid hormone rashi, shi ne musamman da muhimmanci a kula da wannan batu a cikin shiryawa mataki na ciki. Alal misali, iyaye rika samun gwada da kuma tafi, ta hanyar wasu gwaje-gwaje don gaban rayuwa cuta da kuma wasu kwayoyin cututtuka. Bugu da kari, mace mai ciki ya kamata a hankali saka idanu da adadin cinye aidin. Kuma yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje nunawa nan da nan bayan haihuwa, saboda da jima da cutar da aka gano, da girma samu damar na nasara magani kafin bayyanar tsanani da rikitarwa.