Da tsarin gwamnati a Rasha

A tsarin na jama'a gwamnati ne musamman irin gwamnatin aiki. Yana yana da siffofin da cewa ba ka damar rarrabe shi daga sauran manifestations ikon (kamar shari'a, zartarwa ko majalisu), amma kuma daga sauran kociya ayyuka na daban-daban da ƙungiyoyi da kuma sauran kungiyoyin (kasuwanci kungiyoyin, aiki kungiyoyin, da sauransu). A tsarin shugabanci da aka dauke su wani nau'i na zamantakewa iko. Tare da ayyukan al'ada hade da samuwar na musamman doka masana'antu - administrative dokar.

Kalmar "shugabanci tsarin" ne yadu amfani da mawallafa, da dama kasashen waje da kuma cikin gida kimiyya wallafe-wallafe. Bugu da kari, wannan definition wanzu a cikin dokokin na kasashe daban-daban. A Rasha, ajalin da aka yi amfani da fiye da shekara saba'in, akwai kundin tsarin filaye don rabuwa da irin wannan gwamnati aiki. A RF kundin tsarin mulki a 1993. Wannan definition aka maye gurbinsu da wani hade da "zartarwa ikon." Babban dokokin kasar ya yi kira da manufa, bisa ga abin da ikon ne zuwa kashi uku rassan. Saboda haka, ya zama ruwan dare shari'a, majalisa da kuma na zartarwa reshe.

A wannan batun, na musamman sha'awa ga mawallafa, da dama ne rabo na jama'a gwamnati da zartarwa.

Kowane aiki ya hada da yanke shawara, da kisan (aiwatar) da kuma iko a kan kisan. da tsarin gwamnati a Rasha an raba ta zuwa gwamnati da kuma shari'a hukumomi da eighties. Bugu da kari, kowane reshe a daya mataki ko wani gwamnati ya yi aiki. Saboda haka, gwamnati hari cewa yin hukumomi kunshi a magance muhimmanci musamman al'amurran da suka shafi game da harkokin siyasa da kuma zamantakewa da rayuwa a kasar. Wannan reshe za'ayi da tallafi na dokokin da su aiwatar. Shari'a hukuma taka leda zakonoohranitelnye aiki.

Akwai wasu cututtuka cewa faye hali da rawar da wuri daga cikin jama'a gwamnati tsarin a cikin tsarin na rabuwa da iko. Saboda haka, aka ƙaddara cewa wannan aiki yana zartarwa da administrative hali. Babban shugabanci ke rike da-dokoki da tilasta doka. Wannan manufar da aka gane da dole shari'a dalĩli (stewardship).

Ya kamata a lura cewa jama'a gwamnati da aka dauke su prerogative na musamman batutuwa. Yana yana da za'ayi a cikin shakka daga kai tsaye da kuma kullum management na zamantakewa da al'adu, da tattalin arziki, da kuma administrative da siyasa yi. Kai tsaye alaka da cewa shi ne a organizationally ƙarƙashin (gudu) jiha gwamnati hukumomin hada da manyan adadin dukiya. Saboda haka, don bayyana ingancin da gwamnatin a matsayin mai na gyarawa samarwa dukiya.

A daidai wannan lokaci jama'a gwamnati ayyuka dauke ƙarƙashin. Yana yana da za'ayi bisa ga su kuma a ƙarƙashin Shari'a, kasancewa a sakandare zuwa majalisu aiki.

Wadannan siffofin bukatar ƙara wasu takamaiman halaye. Alal misali, a cikinsu, wani matsayi (mika wuya a tsaye) tsarin na jama'a gwamnati, na da hakkin ya motsa jiki doka ikon ikon fita daga kotu (administrative) hanya. Bugu da kari, mun bayar da doka motsa jiki administrative lawmaking.