Edward Teller: biography da photo kimiyyar lissafi

Yau za mu yi magana a game da rayuwar Edward Teller. Kana da kamar wuya ya ji cewa suna da, idan ka sana'a rai ba alaka kimiyyar lissafi. Duk da haka, Edward Teller - ban al'ajabi da mutum wanda yake zaune a cike da kuma aiki rai ya kawo wani sabon abu ga jama'a. Ya bayar da gudunmawar kimiyya ne invaluable, saboda ideas, bincike da kuma rubuce-rubucen da wannan mutum har wa yau dalilin da dama tambayoyi a kimiyyar lissafi. Wannan rayuwar mutum ne da sabanin, kamar kansa. Ba kowa ba ne ya yarda da muradin tallafawa soja ayyukan da nufin nurturing nukiliya ikon, amma shi ba ya rabu da Teller basira da kuma yi fice a hankali.

Wanda aka muka magana game da?

Edward Teller, biography wanda za a gabatar a kasa, da aka sani a msar tambayar kimiyyar lissafi. Har ila yau, da ake kira "mahaifin na hydrogen bam." Wannan masanin kimiyyar ya sanya wata babbar gudummawa ga spectroscopy, kwayoyin da makaman nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi. Shi ya bayyana sakamakon da Renner-Teller sakamako da Jahn-Teller sakamako. A ka'idar Brunauer-Emmett-Teller sakamako ne har yanzu dalilin kimiyyar lissafi. Har ila yau, fadada ka'idar mutumin Enrico Fermi bisa beta lalata barbashi. Tare da N. Metropolis M. Samuel, da kuma a 1953 ya rubuta wata kasida da cewa aiki a matsayin impetus ga yin amfani da Monte Carlo hanya a cikin ilimin kididdiga makanikai.

fara biography

Edward Teller da aka haife shi a hunturu 1908 a Budapest. Yaron da aka haifa Yahudawa iyali. Mahaifinsa lauya, kuma uwarsa - a pianist. The iyali na da yaron ya ba shi kadai, amma tare da ta mazan da 'yar'uwa Emma. Bayan wani lokaci, da iyali ya zama Krista, kamar mafi Yahudawa iyalan a lokacin. Daga wannan ya bayyana cewa yaron ta dangi sun sosai addini. Duk da wannan, ya fara tasawa m rayuwa ya zama wani agnostic. Teller daga baya ya fara magana, amma ya mallaki yawa kuma iya ko ƙidaya yawan seconds a shekara.

dalibai

Tun da Guy girma a wani yanayi na post-yaki tawaye a Hungary da kuma janar tashin hankali, ya aka cika da rayuwa gudu zuwa farkisanci da kuma gurguzu. Rubũta a cikin wani mafi girma ilimi ma'aikata a Budapest Guy iya ba saboda da gabatarwar hani Horthy Miklós. A 1926, wani saurayi ke da Karlsruhe Institute of Technology a Jamus ga aikin injiniya sunadarai. Ya koma ya zauna a cikin shekaru biyu a Munich, shi ne m na jimla makanikai. Saboda gaskiya cewa Teller wani m dalibi, ya ba da gangan buga ta a tram da kuma batar da ya ƙafar dama. Saboda wannan, ya kasance wani lifelong yi ɗingishi da kuma sa a prosthesis. By 1930, ya riqe wani PhD a msar tambayar kimiyyar lissafi, wanda ya samu a cikin University of Leipzig. Ya sabawa rubuce-rubucensu ya duqufa ga bayanin irin hydrogen kwayoyin ion.

A wannan lokaci, sai ya sadu da sanannun Rasha likita L. Landau da G. Gamow. Teller a kan ci gaban a cikin na al'ada na kimiyyar lissafi da falsafa ne sosai rinjayi ransa-dogon abota da Mr. Placzek. Shi ne ya yi da gudummawar da gaskiya cewa teller ya iya rayuwa a Roma a Enrico Fermi. Wannan m nan gaba kimiyya aiki maza.

adulthood

Edward Teller, wani photo na wanda muka gani a cikin takarda shekaru biyu ransa zuwa University of Göttingen. Duk da haka, a cikin shekara ta 1933, tare da goyon bayan mutane daga International Rescue Committee, Teller bar Jamus. Game da shekara sai ya ciyar a Ingila, a shekara - a Copenhagen, inda, ba zato ba tsammani, ya yi aiki a karkashin shiryarwar N. Bohr. By 1934 obzavolsya iyali ta hanyar daukar wani matarsa ta 'yar'uwarsa yara aboki - Maria Augusta.

Just a shekara daga baya matasa iyali koma kamar yadda Edward Teller aka nuna ta Gamow. Yana da kyau matsayi a Jami'ar George. Washington. A Amurka, Teller zama farfesa. Tare da Gamow su magance nukiliya, jimla da kwayoyin kimiyyar lissafi. Edward Teller, makaman nukiliya halayen wanda aka sani da suna a ko'ina cikin duniya, ya gano su a 1939. Jim kadan kafin wannan, ya ya iya bude sakamako, bayan da sunan "Jahn-Teller sakamako." Ya sa a gaskiyar cewa kwayoyin ayan su canza tsari a wasu halayen. Wannan, bi da bi, shafi cikin shakka daga wani sunadarai dauki.

bam Mahalicci

A 1941, Teller zama dan kasa na Amurka. A wannan lokaci, shi ne mai sha'awar da tambayoyi na nukiliya da kuma makaman nukiliya Fusion makamashi. Duk wannan kawai ya karu a lokacin da yakin duniya na II ya fara, da kuma masanin kimiyya ne daya daga wani rukuni na masu bincike, don inganta harkokin atomic bam. T. von Karman, aboki na mu gwarzo, ya shawarci shi da aiki tare da H. Bethe. Tare da suke aza harsashin ginin domin ci gaba da buga kalaman yaduwa ka'idar. Shekaru masu yawa daga baya, shi ne su yi karatu dogara ne a kan nazarin batutuwan da suka shafi shigarwa na roka cikin yanayi.

ci gaba aiki

A kara tsunduma Edward Teller? Biography taƙaice na samar da wadannan Chronology na events:

• Daga shekarar 1946 zuwa 1952 ya sanar da a Jami'ar Chicago. A daidai wannan lokaci da ya zama Mataimakin darektan na Los Alamos National Laboratory.
• Daga 1953 zuwa 1975 ya ci gaba da koyarwarsa aiki a Jami'ar California a Berkeley.
• A 1954 da ya zama shugaban da Lawrence Livermore radiation Laboratory, Lawrence. A shekara ta 1952, ya zama shugaban bincike domin ci gaban da hydrogen bam. A watan Nuwamba, ta gudanar na farko gwajin.
• Daga shekarar 1957 zuwa 1973 ya umarci aiki da ake kira "Plowshares". Yana kula da yin amfani da Amurka farar hula nukiliya. Karkashin jagorancin mu heroes of baya 27 fashewar.

An ce Teller ba moralist. Ya yi imani da cewa Amurka ya da wani amfani a filin na makaman nukiliya. Ya rayayye tsayayya da haramcin yin amfani da makaman nukiliya, qaddamar da kafa tasiri da kuma m makamai.

bincike

Bugu da kari ga al'amurran da suka shafi makaman nukiliya, Edward Teller aka tsunduma a wani jerin matsaloli. Saboda haka, ya yi karatu jimla makanikai, spectroscopy, jiki sunadarai, kimiyyar lissafi na cosmic haskoki. Tare da riga ya saba mana G. Gamow tsara a shekarar 1936, zabin mulkin barbashi a β-lalace. A shekarar 1947 kadai ya tabbatar da wanzuwar mesic kwayoyin halitta.

Ya aka bayar da "taimako ga makaman nukiliya da kuma sinadaran kimiyyar lissafi" Enrico Fermi Award a 1962. A shekarar 1975, Teller bar post na farfesa a Jami'ar California.

A cikin rawar da majalisar ba da shawara

A na gaba shekaru 30 na rayuwarsa sadaukar da gwarzo na labarin a matsayin mai bada shawara. Ya shawarci gwamnati kan makaman nukiliya. A 1980, Shugaba Reagan goyon bayan shirin mai taken "Star Wars." Yana kula da Strategic Tsaro Initiative.

A 1979, akwai wani hatsari a kan US nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke. A lokaci guda Teller sha wahala a zuciya. A kadan a baya a kan fuska saki movie kira "The China ciwo". Babban rawa a shi buga ta George. Asusun, wanda ya babban abokin gaba ne na Amurka da makaman nukiliya. Daga baya Teller kira shi ta laifi a harin.

A shekarar 1994, Teller ziyarci da Rasha Tarayya nukiliya Center a taron.

Domin shekaru 20, masana kimiyya sun shawarci Isra'ila 'yan siyasa. Domin shekaru uku da ya yi 6 ziyara zuwa wannan kasa, karanta laccoci a kan ka'idojin kimiyyar lissafi. Teller da ake bukata a dukkan shekara ya tabbatar da CIA, da cewa Isra'ila yana da wata babbar nukiliya m. A karshe a shekara ta 1976, wani wakilin CIA ya ruwaito cewa shi ya karbi bayanai daga abin dogara kafofin game da Isra'ila da makaman nukiliya damar.

Quotes da littattafai

Edward Teller, wanda quotes suna da zurfi ƙwarai, yana da wani m hankali mutum. Da yawa daga cikin kalamai ne har yanzu a amfani. Mafi mashahuri hada da magana: "Da cewa kimiyya a yau - gobe dabara."

A ta lissafi Teller nuna cewa, ba da zuciya ba memory ko kimomi ne ba da muhimmanci ga wani yaro ya zama masanin kimiyya, shi ne isa zuwa da babban amfani a cikin kimiyya.

Abin da kuma ya yi Edward Teller? Littattafan ne har yanzu a bukatar. Ya rubuta jerin takardun a kan ka'idojin kimiyyar lissafi. Littattafan suna bambanta da hujjõji lãbãri da tsabta da tunani.

Rungumar labarin, ina so in ce cewa masanin kimiyyar Edward Teller ya yi babban taimako ga ci gaban kimiyya. Da bincike da kuma littafin - shi ne invaluable kyauta ga duk lissafin kimiyya. A karshe shekaru na rayuwar wani mutum da kishin da goyon bayan da aikin, wanda ya haifar da wani harbor a Alaska ta amfani da thermonuclear makamai.

A duk rayuwarsa, mu gwarzo ya zama shahararren ba kawai a matsayin wani babban masanin kimiyya da fice damar iya yin komai, amma kuma a matsayin wani mutum mai unpredictable hali. Interpersonal dangantakar da aka bai wa shi ne da wuya, kamar yadda shi yakan faru ne tare da talented mutane. An yi imani da cewa shi ne samfur na babban harafin daga movie "Dr. Strangelove," wadda aka saki a 1964.