Farkon masara mai zaki: namo, hadi, kula

Iri girma da manoma da kuma masu gõnaki na masara, akwai mutane da yawa gonaki. Wasu iri suna horar ga feed hatsi, da sauran - kore taro. Masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci kuma yana amfani da masara da sukari. Don amfani da shi a matsayin balagagge cobs za a iya Boiled da gwangwani.

nazarin halittu siffofin

Yana wakiltar masara mai zaki ne high (har zuwa 3 m), wani shekara-shekara herbaceous subtropical shuka da kyau-raya tushen tsarin. Da kara na wannan shuka iya zama har zuwa 7 cm a diamita. Mace furanni da masara mai zaki a COB aka tattara, namiji - a cikin panicle. A 'ya'yan itace ne mai caryopsis nodular ko siffar zobe form. A launi na da shi, dangane da iri-iri, na iya zama daban-daban. Mafi sau da yawa horar da iri da rawaya cobs.

Daga cikin tsananin dadi masara yana da wani karin m ganye da kuma karami tsawo. Cobs a kan shi girma da sauri. Flowering iya fara a lõkacin da tsire-tsire isa wani tsawo na 20-25 cm.

A abũbuwan amfãni daga girma

Sama shi ne wani cikakken bayanin masara mai zaki. Shuka, don haka shi ne high, da kyau-raya tushen tsarin. Hakika, a cikin yanayi na Rasha sauyin yanayi mai kyau girbi wannan subtropical amfanin gona za su bukatar biya wasu da hankali. Duk da haka, lokacin da ya ciyar, lalle zã a sãka handsomely. Daga cikin mafi m amfanin gona masara ne daya daga cikin wurare na farko. Its 'ya'yan ƙunshi uku na zama dole mutum ma'adanai. Kamar yadda hatsi da masara arziki a cikin kowane irin bitamin da kuma sauran gina jiki. Yana dauke da 'ya'yan itatuwa da wannan shuka, da kuma manyan yawa na sukari. Saboda haka sunan kungiyar.

Mafi mashahuri iri

Hakika, da lambu wanda ya so ya tafiyar da namo wannan babban unpretentious al'adu, dole ne da farko kula sayan iri. Irin masara mai zaki, akwai da yawa. A cikin yanayi na Rasha, a mafi yawan lokuta, farkon-maturing iri suna girma. Al'ada masara nunarsa a cikin sauyin yanayi kawai ba shi da lokaci. A mafi shahara tsakanin Rasha manoman iri ne:

• Kuban sugar.

• Ruhu F1.

• Gourmand.

• Dobrynya.

Masara Kuban: da mutunci iri

Shi ne tsakiyar slabokustisty unpretentious iri-iri. Kāsa yin amfani da masara da sukari Kuban a 92-96 kwanaki bayan fitowan. Weevil wannan iri-iri ne manyan a size, kuma yana da haske rawaya launi. COB kansu iya isa wani tsawon 19-24 cm. A abũbuwan amfãni daga Kuban sweetcorn hada da farko high dandano inganci da versatility. Cobs ba zai iya kawai dafa, amma kuma don adana domin hunturu. Sort bukatar hilling kafin panicle samuwar.

Masara Sugar F1 Ruhu

Wannan farkon iri-iri fi girma seedling hanya. Lokacin amfani da wannan fasaha a COB za a iya samu ta hanyar karshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Sweetcorn da F1 Ruhu, a cikin wasu abubuwa, halin da barga yawan amfanin ƙasa a duk shekara. Wannan kuma ya shafi ta undeniable abũbuwan amfãni. Hatsi a F1 Ruhu, kamar yadda a cikin Kuban, manya-manyan da kuma dadi. Mutane da yawa lambu la'akari da irin wannan daga cikin mafi dadi na dukan data kasance a wannan lokacin.

sa sukar lamiri

Babban amfani da wannan dama da aka dauke su a manyan yawan amfanin ƙasa. Har ila yau Gourmand masara da sukari ne sosai resistant zuwa cututtuka daban-daban. A tsirin lokaci shi yana da kawai yana 70-75 kwanaki. A wannan lokaci da cobs girma har zuwa 20 cm a tsawon. Weevil a cikin wannan aji ne m, sosai m da kuma dadi. Mafi sau da yawa cobs sukar lamiri ci Boiled. Amma kuma don adana su ma yarda.

masara Dobrynia

A abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan aji ya hada da farko manya-manyan kunnuwa. Girma farkon matasan Dobrynia iya zuwa 170 cm tsawo. Zabi wannan iri-iri domin namo za a iya hada da cottagers, ƙasar a yankin wanda ba ma mai kyau. By da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona Dobrynia matasan gaba daya undemanding. Har ila yau, wannan farkon masara mai zaki ba ji tsoron irin wannan tartsatsi cututtuka a matsayin mosaic da tsatsa. Balagagge kunnuwa na aji a kan 70th rana bayan dasa. Ba kamar sauran hybrids, tattara su iya zama ba kawai a cikin kiwo balaga lokaci, amma kuma bushe.

shirye-shiryen da tsaba

Saboda haka masara mai zaki cultivar zaba da kuma dasa kayan sayi. Next kana bukatar ka fara shirya tsaba. A ka'ida, za su iya kawai kamar sa a cikin ƙasa. Duk da haka, cikin shirye kayan za su tashi da sauri, da kuma masara da kanta a nan gaba zai yi girma sosai fiye da lafiya da kuma m. Shin pre-shuka shirye-shirye kamar haka:

• Tsaba an bazu a kan takardar da takarda da sanya ko'ina a rana wuri domin 5 days.

• The mai tsanani abu ya yi sharkaf ga wata rana a cikin wani dumi bayani na potassium permanganate (rauni) ko girma stimulators.

Tattalin a cikin wannan hanya da tsaba germinate for 'yan kwanaki da sauri.

Ina shuka?

Good masara amfanin gona za a iya tattara kawai idan cikin shakka daga cikin kakar da ta samun isasshen hasken rana. Saboda haka, sanya wannan shuka tsaye ko daga kudu, ko kudu maso yammacin gefen gidan, ko a kan wani lebur mãkirci a cikin rashi na manyan itatuwa a kusa da nan. Kyau sosai idan a wancan gefe, inda a wannan yanki da rinjaye Iska takan hura, zai zama wani cikas (gini, bushes da sauransu. D.). Masara mai zaki - da shuka ne high, da kuma iskar da shi na iya kawai karya saukar ko "mirgine up".

Mai lambu suna sanya masara tare fences ko kusa da terrace. Idan so, da al'adu za a iya amfani da a matsayin wani kashi na wuri mai faɗi zane. Alal misali, shi ne mai sauki yi daga lokaci hedgerow a karba-karba rabo.

A mafi kyau precursors

Dasa masara mai zaki za a iya sanya bayan kusan duk wani sauran kayan amfanin gona, a karkashin abin da yin taki. A mafi kyau precursors ga wannan shuka ne dankali, kabeji da kuma Peas. An ba da shawarar zuwa shuka amfanin gona bayan gero. Cewa wadannan shuke-shuke iya shafi wannan kwaro - masara borer. Yana ba da shawarar a matsayin dasa amfanin gona bayan sukari gwoza ko kusa da shi.

Sau da yawa sosai, da masara da aka sanya gaba da kokwamba da kuma bari da bulala da a kan ta mai tushe da kuma rassan. Yana za a iya dasa wannan shuka, da kuma gaba da wani kabewa. Duk da haka, masara stalks lallai ba ne su shige karkashin lash wannan al'ada. A kabewa su ne ma nauyi.

Abin da ya zama ƙasa

Daya daga cikin siffofin na masara ne mai sauki dandani da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona. Wannan inji zai zama mai kyau ga jin kamar yadda podzolic ƙasa, kuma a cikin baki gona ko peat. Duk da haka, mafi kyau har yanzu dasa amfanin gona a hur, iska ya yi kyau da kuma ruwa permeable ƙasa, tare da acidity na PH 6-7. Tono har ƙasar domin masara ya zama a matsayin mai zurfi. Bayan duk, da tushen da tsire-tsire masu iya gangarawa zuwa 1.5-2 m.

Kafin dasa kwarin kunya shi ne kyawawa don yin Organic taki (rotted taki, humus) da kuma wasu phosphoric ma'adinai taki (msl, superphosphate na 10 g / m ^2).

Yadda za a shuka

Fara dasa masara a tsakiyar farkon watan Mayu, wato, a lokacin da kasar gona ya warmed zuwa da zazzabi na akalla 10 grams. Shuka lokaci ya kamata a zabi shan la'akari da cewa wannan al'ada dare frosts cikakken iya tsayawa ba. Dasa masara mai zaki layuka. A nisa tsakanin bushes a lokacin da ya kamata ya kasance 25-35 cm. Tsakanin layuka bar 60-70 cm na free sarari.

Rufe da tsaba masara mai zaki a cikin ƙasa kamar 5-6 cm. Yana ma kusa da surface na kasar gona ba za a iya sanya. Gaskiyar cewa masara weevil - daya daga cikin fi so delicacies na mutane da yawa irin tsuntsaye. Bayan dasa site, ba shakka, shi ne kara wa ruwa.

Masara Sugar: namo seedlings

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da masara - da shuka daga baya. Kuma ko da daga girbi na farkon iri yi jira na dogon lokaci - akalla 2-3 watanni. Saboda haka, da yawa lambu girma da wannan amfanin gona seedling hanya. Kamar wancan lambu amfani kamar dasa fasahar:

• A cikin kwalaye zuba musamman substrate hada lambu ƙasar da kuma takin da 1x1 al'amari rabo.

• Pre-tsirar da tsaba a dakin da zazzabi a wani m aluminum takarda.

• Sauke su zuwa zurfin 3-4 cm.

Early dasa masara da sukari seedlings a marigayi Afrilu - farkon May - game da 25 days kafin dauke a cikin bude ƙasa. Tun lokacin da dashi daukawa masara ne ba ma mai kyau, maimakon kwalaye za ka iya amfani da musamman tabarau peat. A cikin wani hali, yayin da dauke a cikin bude ƙasa ya kamata a hankali ga wa shi cewa tushen ba lalace. Idan kana bukatar ka samu wani sosai a farkon girbi ba masara ne mafi alhẽri ga shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.

Abin da taki da ake bukata domin masara mai zaki a lokacin girma

Kamar kowane sauran kayan amfanin gona, masara, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana bukatar wani miya. Wannan inji shi ne manya-manyan, da kuma gina jiki shi yana bukatar mai yawa. Masara mai zaki ciyar da akalla sau biyu a kowace kakar. Lokacin da dasa, kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, yana da amfani ga yin kwayoyin da sinadarin phosphate takin a kwarin kunya. Very kyau masara kuma amsa ga jamiái dauke da manyan yawa na tutiya. Wannan na iya zama, misali, IMC-7.

A karo na biyu takin da shuke-shuke da makonni biyu bayan dasa. A wannan yanayin shi ne mafi alhẽri amfani da yawa kayan aikin dauke da nitrogen.

Abin da taki da ake bukata domin masara mai zaki a lokacin girma, suka gane kansu a matsayin sarƙaƙƙiya. Dukan korau canje-canje iya nuna wani kasawa a cikin ƙasa na wasu abubuwa. Saboda haka, misali, rashin nitrogen zai bayyana cikin yellowing da otsyhanii ganye (bayar lokaci-lokaci watering). Potassium yunwa bayyana dakatar da ci gaba da kuma bayyanar da tukwici na ganye "kuna." Tare da kasawa na kore phosphor nama masara zai blush.

yadda za a shayar

Ruwa masara a cikin ci gaban tsarin bukatar sallama mai yawa. Hana cikin ƙasa bushewa fita a karkashin wannan shuka ba da shawarar. In ba haka ba masara daina girma, da kuma ta kunnuwa ne masu tasowa. Decant wannan al'ada ne ma ba zai yiwu ba. Wannan zai iya haifar da ƙasa compaction. Ba tare da oxygen, da tushen da shuke-shuke gushe girma da kyau, da kuma gina jiki zai shafa bushes rage da ake samu.

A musamman, da yawa mai dadi masara, wanda aka girma - shi ne gwada sauki, yana bukatar danshi a lokacin da samuwar da cobs. A wannan lokaci, ya kamata a shayar more sau da yawa. Idan shuka ne short na ruwa, shi ne tabbatar da su faranta masu m da zaki weevil.

ãyõyin maturation

Masara amfanin gona da ya kamata a tattara a kan lokaci. Hatsi da ripened kunnuwa ba ma dadi, kuma ba su bambanta ba juiciness. Overexposed guda da 'ya'yan itatuwa zama da wuya da kuma bushe. Harvest masara ne yawanci 20-25 kwanaki bayan da farkon flowering - a lactic ripeness. A wannan lokacin, a cikin 'ya'yan da shuka ya ƙunshi mafi sugar. Babban siffofin ne ripening:

• desiccation daga cikin manya gefuna da wrapper.

• duhun pistillate filaments sama da COB.

• wani snug Fit ga juna hatsi.

• uniform launi daga cikin 'ya'yan itacen.

Lokacin da guga man a kan cikakke hatsi da su harsashi bursts, da kuma madara-sugar ruwa gudana daga.

Tattara da masara amfanin gona ne yawanci a cikin 'yan makonni a jere. Cobs a kan bushes ba kafa a lokaci guda. Harvest kamata a sarrafa nan da nan - tafasa ko adana. Gaskiyar ita ce, lokacin da adana a COB aka sosai da sauri rage yawan sugar content. Harvest masara tsaye a cikin farkon safe. Sai a wannan lokaci a cikin weevil accumulates mafi sugar. Idan masara har yanzu yana da za a adana, shi ne mafi kyau ga pre-daskare.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Don harba dukan fungi da kwayoyin cuta resistant isasshen hatsi. Wani lokaci, duk da haka, wannan shuka ne har yanzu rashin lafiya. Mafi na kowa matsala ne a musty seedlings. Wannan yawanci ya faru a lokacin da ma farkon dasa tsaba. Sanyi iska da kuma gona karkashin yanayin high zafi tsokane ci gaban da fungi, penicillium. Fafitikar da wannan cuta tare da taimakon daban-daban na fungicides.

Wani lokaci zaki masara shafi ƙõƙe. A wannan yanayin, za a iya shafa ganye, internodes, Tushen, da kuma wani lokacin a kan COB. Wannan cuta yawanci bayyana kanta a cikin biyu da rabi na bazara a cikin irin manyan ruwan kasa aibobi. Domin kareshi dole ne ko da yaushe ƙona ragowar post-girbi masara.

Reviews lambu

Hakika, a shahararsa tsakanin truckers manyan amfanin gona, irin, misali, kokwamba ko tumatir, masara da ake samu. Girma shi ne ba duk lambu. Duk da haka, akwai m mabiya wannan ban mamaki shuka. Mafi yawan magoya baya na wannan al'ada don ya bayyana soyayya ga ta da fari da yiwuwar sarrafa iyali tebur. Bayan Boiled cobs sosai sosai da dadi da kuma ma dauke da wani yawa na amfani da abubuwa na da kwayoyin.

Good reviews cancanci masara mai zaki kuma ga cewa shi za a iya amfani da su haifar da yanayi na musamman ga ci gaban, misali, wannan cucumbers. Shuki gadaje wannan amfanin gona masara don ƙirƙirar musamman "greenhouse" sauyin yanayi. Saboda haka, a cikin unguwa tare da wannan kokwamba shuke-shuke ci gaba sosai da sauri.