Gami karfe

A zabar littattafai na yi na karfe kayayyakin da dama halaye da za a gani, ciki har da modulus na rigidity. Wannan tsarin m index dogara kawai a kan yanayin da abu daga wanda ikon abubuwa - stringers, Frames, lebur faranti, da dai sauransu.

A mafi modulus na rigidity ne karfe, wanda ya bi da bi ne na iri biyu a cikin sinadaran abun da ke ciki. Da fari dai, wannan gami karfe, wanda musamman kara alloying abubuwa kafin su sami wani zama dole Properties.

Babban abubuwa da tasiri da kaddarorin karfe - shi ne carbon, silicon da manganese. Carbon yayin da kara da abun ciki da ke sa da karfe karfi da wuya, yayin da rage ta ductility. Silicon aka gudanar a matsayin wani deoxidizing wakili, amma idan da abun ciki ne fiye da kashi daya yawa tabarbarewa.Idan da weldability na karfe: da Weld ne gaggautsa. A shi ne wani kashi kamar yadda manganese inganta sanyi brittleness da tauri na karfe, kuma zama mai kyau deoxidizer.

Yawanci, a Bugu da kari zuwa ƙarfe da carbon, an kara zuwa wani guda bangaren, don haka alloyed karfe classified a matsayin uku-bangaren, hudu-bangaren, da kuma sauransu. D. Lokaci-lokaci shi dabam da take da alloying kashi, kamar chromium, chromium-nickel, da dai sauransu hromonikelmolibdenovaya

Gami karfe ƙunshi fiye da daya bisa dari na chromium ko nickel. Idan ba a fiye da 0.5% na vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, nitrogen, jan, da dai sauransu, An dauke da wadannan gami abubuwa.

Dangane da yawan kara gyara, gami karfe ne zuwa kashi da wadannan subclasses:

- high-gami karfe, a cikinsa jimlar abun ciki na alloying abubuwa ne kasa da goma bisa dari.

- srednelegirovannoj - ba fiye da takwas da cent.

- low-alloyed karfe, a cikin abin da kawai daya kashi ne kara da abinda ke ciki na na sama da iyaka ba fiye da kashi biyu cikin dari.

Yawanci, da alloying abubuwa ƙwarai ƙara kudin na karfe, musamman tun lokacin da wasu abubuwa suna kara da cewa a kansu su ne gurgunta tsada karafa. Haka kuma, su Baya ga karfe dole ne a hankali na rasa.

Alloyed karfe yana da wadannan alamomi: na farko biyu lambobi nuna carbon ciki (hundredths na wani kashi), da haruffa nuna yanaye kara alloying kashi lambobi bayan su - da abun ciki na wannan kashi a matsayin mai yawan. Harafin "A", wanda tsaye a karshen da alama wajen, cewa high quality karfe da low abun ciki na phosphorus da sulfur.

Wani bambancin da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na karfe - carbon. Its saboda sauki da kuma cheapness na samar da ƙara a yi amfani da mutane da yawa masana'antu.

Daya daga cikin nufin yin amfani da karfe ne da amfani a cikin yi da aunawa da kuma yankan kayan aikin, inji sassa, ya mutu tare da sanyi da kuma zafi nakasawa.

Kayan aiki karfe da kuma gami hali, kuma carbon, da kuma dangane da dokoki kula da bako, domin kowane takamaiman karfe kayayyakin bukatar yin amfani da karfe ciwon takamaiman sinadaran abun da ke ciki.

Alal misali, ga m kayan aikin, drills, chisels, guduma, screwdrivers, saws, hobs, da dai sauransu amfani karfe musamman category - high-gami, high-gudun. Yana yana high taurin, zafi juriya da kuma abrasion juriya. Wadannan musamman Properties ake samu ta hanyar kara musamman alloying da tungsten carbide, kazalika da rikitarwa zafi magani.

Domin da guduma, zafi da sanyi mutu, kyawon tsayuwa da al. Used karfe maki kamar H6VF, 9X, 5HNM da dai sauransu