Abin da kaddarorin sun legiruemye karfe?

An sani cewa karafa da high tsarki (99.99 cikin dari ko fiye da tsarki abu) da low ƙarfi, yin su wuya yin amfani. Ware ake aluminum da kuma jan karfe, an yi amfani da lantarki aikin injiniya. Karfe, dangane da ayyuka, dole ne mallaki rigidity, sa juriya, taurin, da kuma a wasu lokuta, elasticity kuma ductility, duk da haka da baƙin ƙarfe, a m form don ƙirƙirar su m.

Legiruemye karfe bambanta daga talakawa gaban artificially gabatar Additives wanda sanin wasu kaddarorin gami da nan gaba. Saboda haka, a cikin talakawa carbon karfe kunshe ne a cikin daban-daban rabbai "hatsi" ferrite, cementite, kuma perlite. Tare da gabatarwar da alloying abubuwa carbon yawan sau da yawa rage a pearlite (qara karfe ƙarfi).

Legiruemye karfe ta hanyar gabatar ƙarin abubuwa sau da yawa da karkatacciyar crystal raga, cewa zai iya samar da ƙarin danko (a lokacin nika hatsi perlite kuma ferrite), da rage a ciki danniya, rage yiwuwar fatattaka a lokacin hardening ko karuwa a cikin zurfin abu da kuma calcining al.

A Properties na bakin karfe ne kai tsaye dogara a kan ƙarin aka gyara. Alal misali, abubuwa chromium da nickel fãce karfe sassa daga lalata, manganese qara tasiri juriya, sa juriya da kuma taurin ƙaruwa. Irin wannan wani kashi kamar silicon, sa articles ga mafi alhẽri jure tasirin acid da kuma cobalt qara high-zazzabi ƙarfi.

Legiruemye karfe sinadaran abun da ke ciki ne zuwa kashi girma da xaukaka, matsakaici- kuma low-gami (da abun ciki na Additives ne fiye da 10%, 2.5 - 10% da kuma kasa da 2.5% bi da bi). A massively samar srednelegirovannye karfe (tarawa sun dauki game da 5-6%) na pearlite tsarin. A sauran tsarin gami da abun da ke ciki (martensitic, carbide, austenitic, ferritic) ne ƙasa da na kowa.

Domin kayan da irin wannan, kazalika ga sauran masana'antu kayayyakin, na da Gost. Gami steels suna classified da gwamnatin nagartacce № 4543 - 71, daga abin da zai iya ganin yawan ƙarin gyara a karfe da wani iri. Alal misali, hromomargantsovonikelevy gami da titanium da molybdenum 25HGNMT samfurin da aka hada da har zuwa 0,29% carbon, har zuwa 0,37% silicon, har zuwa 0.8 cikin dari manganese, har zuwa kashi 0.6% da 1.10% na chromium da nickel (daidai da ), har zuwa rabin kashi molybdenum da 0,09 da kashi titanium. Bugu da kari ga tsari da kuma fasaha da bukatun Gost ƙunshi cikakken bayanai a kan samfurin gwaji hanyoyin, yarda dokoki, kai, marufi da sauransu.

Legiruemye sun kuma kasu kashi da dama kungiyoyin bisa ga dalili: yi (. Shin amfani da inji aikin injiniya, gina gadoji, dogo motoci, da man fetur da kuma iskar gas, ruwa, ruwa, da dai sauransu), kayayyakin aiki, (abin da daukan yankan kayan aikin kamar drills, fayiloli, saws, milling masu saro, da dai sauransu .) da kuma musamman-manufa karfe da ciwon high juriya da lalata da electrochemical irin.