Yaren mutanen Sweden Tank Battle: review model da kwatancin

Daya alamar 'yancin kai ne da wajibi gaban rundunar. The sojojin kowace ƙasa ne zuwa kashi da dama babban yankunan, wato, Air Force, Marine sojojin da askarawan ƙasa. Bi da bi, da Army compulsorily kammala tare da sulke rarrabu, ba tare da wanda ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin aiwatar da manyan sikelin-soja. A wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da irin wannan soja hawa, da Sweden tanki. Game da shi magana more.

tarihi bayanai

A yakin duniya na farko da aka ba su rasa a kan Swedish soja a ji cewa suna da hankalinsa kallon da sulke da motocin da kuma neman hanyoyi daban-daban don a zamanantar da sojojin. Da farko, da Swedes so ya saya Birtaniya tank domin ta cikakken nazari, amma da ra'ayin ƙarshe ƙaryata saboda Swedish management ta yanke shawarar cewa, yarjejeniyar ne ma tsada (40 000 kroons).

Jamus zamba

Sweden ta farko tank wani tarakta. A duban farko, shi sauti wauta, amma shi ne a karkashin sunan noma kayan Jamus bayan da faduwa a yakin da na Sweden sayar 10 daga ta tankuna lk-II. A wannan yanayin, inji aka tsĩrar unassembled, da kuma karshe taro na tankuna da aka za'ayi a kan Swedish ƙasa. The sosai farko fama abin hawa da aka harhada Scandinavians a watan Afrilu 1922, kuma yana da goma raka'a a watan Agusta kasance a kan jijjiga. A cikin kaka na 1924 da Swedish tankuna da aka mai suna M / 21.

modernization

A lokacin 1924-1925 shekaru a kan wadannan inji, gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar shigar da rediyo. All 10 tankuna kasance halarce, "na farko littafi" na Swedish soja injiniyoyi ga dukan masana'antu. A shekara ta 1929, wanda a cikin fama wadannan raka'a aka kyautata: suka kafa Swedish Scania Vabis 1554 injuna, da ikon kowanne daga abin da ya 85 horsepower (Jamus analogue da wani 56 HP ..).

A ra'ayi na Janar Staff

A 1928, da babban hafsan hafsoshin sanar Hammarskjold da bukatun da ya bi da Swedish tank:

• Ganiya firepower (biyu inji bindigogi da kuma gun dole ne a shigar a kan inji).
• Excellent giciye-kasa ta yankin (a kalla 10 km / h kan m ƙasa, kuma a kalla 20 km / h a kan wata al'ada hanya).
• Armor dole ne a kiyaye shi daga wuta igwa zamo 37 mm.
• The nauyi na tanki kada wuce 12 ton, saboda haka ya iya wuce ta gadoji ba tare da matsaloli.

yayi injiniyoyi

Nan da nan wani yawan ayyukan daga daban-daban da kamfanonin da aka ƙaddamar. A musamman Mogårdshammarstridsvagnen tank an samarwa a cikin shida embodiment, daga cikinsu akwai wani wuri inji ciwon m dogo. Duk da haka, da aikin da ya ba aka ɓullo saboda mutuwa na marubucin.

Bi da bi, kamfanin "Landsverk" miƙa masa Swedish tank STRV kira L-5. Ya yi da ikon don matsar da ko a kan waƙoƙi, da kuma musamman omits ƙafafun ga tuki a kan babbar hanya. Da makamai da aka yi zamo 37 mm igwa da kuma biyu inji bindigogi. Duk da haka, shi kuwa yana da rauni littafin inji cewa zai iya tsayayya da wata na'ura-gun wuta.

A zamanin 1930s

Wannan Swedish tank aka ba soma da, amma yana yiwuwa ya zama tushen domin samar da motoci a 1930, L-30 - wani dabaran-sa ido tanki. Wannan soja kayan aiki ya iya nuna m gudun halaye a 1931 gwaji. Tare da wani fama nauyi na 11.500 kg, tank waƙoƙi a kan kara zuwa 35 km / h, kuma RV - har zuwa 75 km / h.

Daga bisani, Swedish tankuna da shekaru 30 da samu ne kawai a matafila. Ƙafafun ƙiya. Mafi mashahuri mota samu L-10, kerarre ta "Landsverk". Suna da manyan motoci guda biyu, kowannensu yake da biyu support rollers halarci. Bi da bi, da rollers kwashe twin kuma yana da zaren roba. Kuraye guda taro sashi gyarawa a kan kasa na gefen ƙwanso da kuma samun cushioning. A frontal makamai na inji shi ne daidai 24 mm. Daga makamai a kan mashin da wani 37 mm igwa "Bofors" kerarre dako cikinsa da nesa na 300 mita baya da 42 mm karfe takardar, da nesa na 1000 m - 28 mm takardar. Har ila yau akwai wani gun da kuma 6.5 mm zamo.

A 1934, "Landsverk" miƙa biyu sabon kayayyaki ga wani Armed Forces: tank L-100, wanda ya kadan na nasu nauyi, kuma aka tsara don bincike, kazalika da L-60 - magajin zuwa L-10, wanda asali aka zaci za a fitar dashi, da kuma saboda sojojin da Sweden ya sayi na farko 'yan wadannan inji kawai a 1937. Tank L-60 ya 15 mm m igwa da kuma makamai 20 mm zamo.

A 1939 an soma Tank M-39, sanye take da wani Semi-atomatik gun "Bofors" tare da diamita na 37 mm da biyu inji bindigogi. Hasumiyar da wani sabon zane.

A lokacin da 1940s

Idan muka yi la'akari da Swedish tankuna na yakin duniya na biyu, yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa ci gaban da tank ci gaba a Sweden a lokacin da gudummawar da kwarewa na Jamus soja, wanda ya tilasta wa Swedes gyaggyarawa ya views a kan tanki sojojin a matsayin dukan.

A shekarar 1942, shirin da aka amince a Sweden, da nufin ci gaba da Armed Forces da kuma tanadar da kafa uku sulke brigades. A kowane daga cikinsu ya kamata ya zama biyu battalions. A total number of fama motocin totaled 315 raka'a haske da 228 nauyi.

Yaren mutanen Sweden haske tank m / 40K ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri a cikin sojojin wannan Scandinavian kasar. The mota ya samu a karfafa dakatar da injuna da wani fitarwa na 160 horsepower. Frontal ajiyar ya 50 mm da dutsen ado - 20 mm. Akwai kuma bayanai da cewa Swedes gudanar ya samu daga Jamus inji watsa, kamar irin waɗanda amfani a cikin m / 39.

Yaren mutanen Sweden reshe tankuna m / 41 ma ya karfafa makamai gaban da aft rabo. Hasumiyar wani Saukake tsarin, amma a lokaci guda mafi iko makamai. All tsarin canje-canje sun kai ga cewa injiniyoyi da ƙara da tsawon daga cikin gidaje zuwa 65 mm da kuma kara da man fetur tank iya aiki (daga 190 zuwa 230 lita). Kuma dauke da yiwuwar yin amfani da wani ya fi dacewa zane na welded ƙwanso da turret, amma sai aka yanke shawarar cewa, samar da reformatting daukan lokaci da yawa, kuma a karshen wannan ra'ayin da aka watsi.

Yaren mutanen Sweden tankuna m / 42 da wani nauyi daidai 22.5 tons. The ƙungiya kasance hudu. Karfafa dabara kamar yadda makamai da 75-mm twin igwa zamo na'ura gun, kuma biyu 8 mm. The uku gun aka saka a kan hanya saitin. Kuma turret casing an welded tare da samun wani streamlined siffar. Suka je amfani da shafi sassa a cikin frontal part. Armor mota ya kai 55 mm (wasu kafofin ce cewa wannan adadi har ya kai 80 mm). Engine da kuma watsa aka sanya da dama versions, wanda aka bai wa dace biyu wasika code. Farkon model na tankuna da aka sanye take da dual propulsion tsarin da damar 325 horsepower kuma yana da manual watsa da kuma electro-inji iko. Wani lokaci daga baya da mota ta fara samar da atomatik watsa ga kowane daga cikin injuna. A kadan daga baya da tankuna ta fara samar da guda-engine kerarre "Volvo", ikon wadda bisa ga daban-daban kimomi, zai iya isa 380 zuwa 410 horsepower. Bugu da kari, akwai wani wuri da wani atomatik watsa cewa an riga an kenan.

Duk da dukan fasaha da bambance-bambance, duk da tankuna m / 42 da wannan iyakar motsi gudun - 42 km / h.

Dabam, da dama model aka tattara domin kwamandojin, wadannan samfurori musamman sanye take da karin transceiver ciwon 70-Watt watsawa. Ya aka sanya a kan tabo kasashen waje musayar na'ura-gun kafuwa, wanda ya maye gurbin gangar jikin ingancin aikata shimfidu.

A cikin tsawon 1944-1945 da babban mai daukan hankali da karfi na Swedish sulke sojojin amounted m / 42 inji. Wadannan Swedish tankuna, photo kasa, su ne mafi fifiko a su magabata a cikin makamai, da kuma a rarraba ƙungiya ayyuka. Amma, duk da wannan duka, a tsakiyar shekarar 1944 da wannan abin kwaikwaya ne a cikin kasa daga cikin rating kan matsakaici tankuna nan data kasance duniya matsayin. Its barreled gun 75 mm diamita ya quite kasa aiki saboda da low na farko gudu makamai sokin dako jirgin. Don wannan ya kamata a kara da cewa, da kuma ma quite tsanani matsaloli tare da AMINCI: shasi sauri sa fita, dora juyawa inji, ki electromechanical watsa.

Rubuta kai-propelled manyan bindigogi

A cikin watan Satumba 1941, shugaban Army amince da bukatar ci gaba da kuma samar da kai-propelled bindigogi. Tuni a farkon shekarar 1942, gwaji na samfur kafuwa a kan tanki shasi m / 38 zamo gun tare da 74 mm sun nuna cewa samar da wani sosai alamar rahama shugabanci.

Bugu da ari aiki ya bayyana cewa mafi ganiya ya m / 41 shasi. A watan Maris 1943, ya fara ci gaban kai-propelled bindigogi da igwa zamo 75 mm m / 02. A cikin wannan shekara da gwajin Pav m / 43 inji aka gudanar, wanda ya nuna cewa mafi kyau tabbatar 105mm howitzer.

A shekarar 1944, kai-propelled bindigogi da aka dauka a cikin sabis alama Sav m / 43. Wadannan inji sun aro shasi m / 41 SII, a wurin turret yankan kwalaye da aka sanya, sanye take da frontal makamai 50 mm m. A cikin rawar da kayan aikin bayar da shawarwari gun tare da diamita na 75 mm. Duk da haka, tun shekarar 1945, za mu fara canza a ya zamo kamar 105 mm. Fama Kit ya 43 harbi. Domin amfani da wani hari da makami ACS ba kusata, domin ta kasance ba gun da ake bukata kariya da anti-tanki bindigogi.

da postwar lokaci

Yaren mutanen Sweden nauyi tankuna fara da za a ci gaba a 1949. Project don ƙirƙirar wani nauyi da kuma iko inji KRV samu cipher. A matuƙar manufa na aikin ya haifar da wani nauyi tank fama nauyi daga abin da yake a 40-45 tons.

Da farko, a matsayin babban kayan aiki dauke da bindigogi 105, 120 da kuma 155 mm. 155 mm zamo igwa da aka mafi ban sha'awa, amma har yanzu ƙaryata shi. Bayan jawabin da wasu bincike, da soja opted ga 120-mm rifled gun.

A binciken da ya kai ga tsari da cewa injiniyoyi aka shawo: don samar da ake so nauyi da girman da tank wajibi ne a watsar da duka, da saba hasumiya. Mun dauki mafi kyau zaɓi don mika mulki oscillating turret, wanda aka hada da sassa biyu. Ƙananan ɓangare na shi aka shirya ya sanya a cikin bin. Ta zai zama da alhakin kwance shiriya kayan aikin. A na sama da aka koma a cikin wani a tsaye jirgin sama.

Saboda haka da cewa sabon Swedish reshe na tankuna da aka ɓullo da, an yanke shawarar sayen daga Faransa nauyi tank AMX 50. Bayan bita duk da fasali, da Swedes kaddamar da wani aikin kira KRV Emil. Halittawa shirya wajen samar da wata hasumiya, da ciwon dukan zama dole kayan aiki da kuma aiki da kai, saboda haka cewa babu bukatar a yi mutum. Hakika, wannan dabarar ta sa matsaloli, amma har yanzu uku bambance-bambancen karatu na gaba tank da aka tsara.

A farko da hannu wajen samar da inji yin la'akari tsakanin 28 ton. A tsarin ya zama 5.8 mita tsawo, 2.6 mita fadi da kuma 2.35 mita tsawo. Zamo Gun - 120 mm.

A gaban wani ɓangare na tanki dole ne a Haven ga direba, da talakawan da aka kasaftawa ga oscillating turret, kuma baya - a karkashin engine-watsa daki. Hasumiyar ya saukar da da sojan igwa da kuma tank kwamandan. A makamai a tarnaƙi na na'ura da kuma abinci ya 20 mm, da kuma gaban part - 70 mm. Hasumiyar sanye take da mafi tsanani kariya: a gaban rabo 150 mm, bangarorin da kuma raya - 30 mm. Dvadtsativosmitonny tank yi nufi ga ba wani iko engine 550 l. wani.

The mafi ban sha'awa ɓangare na na'ura kasance a hasumiya, wanda yana da wani talking part. Bugu da kari, shi iyakance ƙarar zamar masa dole ya ba soja kayan aiki m autoloader. A raya hasumiyar da aka shirya ya sanya biyu drum, wanda dã ya kasance da bawo, kazalika da loading line chambering da kuma samar da harsasai.

Na biyu version na tanki KRV Emil ya shirya ya yi amfani da karin iko da kuma bindiga a lokacin farin ciki makamai. A gaban wani ɓangare yana da wani kauri daga 145 mm, a dutsen ado - 60 mm. Weight inji an karu zuwa 38 ton. The shirya damar da engine ya a wani matakin na 665 lita. wani.

The uku wani zaɓi - mafi wuya a mafi gaskiyan ji maganar, saboda inji ya kamata ya auna 42 ton da suna da wani 810 lita engine. wani. A matakin na kariya a wannan zauna guda tare da na biyu embodiment na tanki.

Abin baƙin ciki ga sojojin da Sweden, KRV Emil aikin bai aka lashe tare da sakamako mai kyau. Matsaloli tare da ci gaba da kuma halittar wani talking hasumiya ya kai ga gaskiya cewa Swedish soja yanke shawarar sayen waje fasahar, don haka da tankuna da aka Birtaniya-sanya makamai zuwa Sweden kafin fara 2000s.

tank Rushe

Breakfast Strv Tank 103 ne babban fama naúrar na Swedish sulke sojojin a shekarun 1960s. Tsananin magana, shi ne, ba sosai wani tanki, da yawa jirgin saman soja. Ya aka bai wa wani musamman layout, wanda aka bayyana a cikin rashi na hasumiyar da wuya fili kayan aikin da harka. Shiriya gun ɗauke da juyawa da kuma karkata daga cikin na'ura jiki tare da dakatar. Har ila yau, wannan ne na farko tank a duniya, wanda a Bugu da kari ga dizal aka shigar da wani gas injin turbin engine.

A makamai na na'ura - gun na 105 mm, uku na'ura gun 7,62 mm, daya anti-aircraft gun, biyu gurnati chetyrehstvolnyh. Babban engine ne dizal K-60 damar 240 lita. da, da kuma goyon baya -. "Boeing-502" da damar 330 lita. wani.

Har ila yau, cikin tanki da wani Kwafin controls located aft. Saboda wannan akwai aka located a rediyo sadarwarka kuma iya aiki da na'ura da kuma gudanar da shi a baya idan ya cancanta.

Yaren mutanen Sweden aikin

A 1997, kamfanin Hägglunds fara ƙirƙirar sabon Swedish tanki. The aikin karbi code CV 90-120.

Wannan tank da ake amfani a kan tushen da shasi BMP C90. Har ila yau, muna kara musamman haƙarƙari rigidity, wanda a yarda ya kula da zaman lafiyar na na'ura bayan harbe-harben na 120 mm zamo igwa. Duk da haka, saboda wannan shi aka da ɗan rage tsauri yi.

Motor tank - 8-Silinda Scania naúrar tasowa ikon 640 l. s watsa mota -. Perkins X 300. Wannan damar da tank a jiki nauyi na 26 ton tare da cikakken harsasai hanzarta zuwa 70 km / h. A lissafi na waƙoƙi da kuma kasa da aka gyara su fitar da mota a kan ake yin dusar ƙanƙara surface. Da direba zai iya yin amfani da uku telescopic na'urorin don duba yankunan.

Yaren mutanen Sweden ganuwa CV90120 tank yana da wani atomatik feed na bawo da caji tsarin. The inji iya sa har zuwa 14 akai-akai da minti. Ammonium bawo 45. A gun sanye take da wani musamman na'urar, dauke da fitar da sha na da sakamakon hayaki bayan harbi.

Atomatik tafiyarwa da damar hasumiyar don ya yi wani madauwari juyawa da kuma matsawa da kayan aiki a cikin kewayon - 8 zuwa +22 digiri. A maharbin yana da ikon yin amfani da wata na'ura rangefinder, niyya na'ura, a thermal imager.

A invisibility na tanki da aka bayar tare da aikace-aikace Adaptiv masking tsarin aiki a cikin infrared kewayo.

A m ɓangare Adaptiv - farantin da shida kusassari. Tare da irin wannan tsarin fasali tank ba kawai ta zama marar ganuwa da abokan gaba amma kuma iya samar da abin da ake kira ƙarya fatalwa, wanda "fa, tã" lantarki. Idan ya cancanta, da na'ura sprays da aerosol girgije a kusa da kansu, da rike da invisibility allo don fiye da biyu minti. Da damar da abun da ke ciki shi ne, sunã daidaita da 300 lita.

Bayar a cikin mota da lantarki kariya, wanda zai sa a san da matukan jirgin da cewa su hanya ne m naúrar. Bayan da cewa yana yiwuwa a matsayin kai tsaye halakar samu art, kuma jamming.

ƙarshe

Wannan nazari ne a summary na Swedish tankuna. Modern fasahar ba a tsaye har yanzu, da kuma ikon yinsa, daga cikin tsaro masana'antu ne ba togiya. Tankuna na yau - high-tech inji cewa zai iya motsa da sauri don gane, kuma ya halaka abokan gaba.