Gerhard Richter - mafi tsada Turai artist na rai

An dauke da mafi m, cikin shahararrun rai artist. A total darajar sayar a auctions da ayyukan wuce rabin dala biliyan. Record farashin for abu daya da aka kafa a watan Fabrairu 2015 m abun da ke ciki, ga abin da an biya game da $ 44, da miliyan 5.

Gerhard Richter, kasancewa a cikin tsufa, yana son tsare sirri da kuma rayayye ci gaba da aiki a cikin studio kusa Cologne. Kowane sabon nuni da ayyukansa ne m sabon abu kerawa da kuma zama cikin haske aukuwa a cikin m rai na Turai da kuma duniya.

Jamus, East Jamus, West Germany

An haife shi a shekara ta 1932 a Dresden. Uba - Horst Richter - wani malamin makaranta, amma a mafi girma da tasiri a ruhaniya ci gaban Gerhard da uwa - Hildegard. Ta goyon a dansa ta precocious sha'awa cikin art.

A shekarar 1951, Gerhard Richter shiga Hochschule für Bildende Künste - Higher School of Fine Arts a Dresden, inda ya samu wani m ilimi bango. Artistic rayuwa a gabashin Jamus, inda Gerhard bayyana a wurin haihuwa, girma fiye da mafi akida. A lokacin na farko koyar da sana'o'i da matasa artist da aka gudanar a wani lokaci a lokacin da gurguzu hakikanci zama babban art style, da kuma a yaki da takalidai da abstractionism da kuma gaba daya musamman.

A shekarar 1958, Richter ziyarci birnin Kassel (West Germany), nuni da na zamani art, da ake kira "Document." Yana da aka tsara don shawo kan gado na Nazi art - avant-garde da aka tsananta a sau na fi sani da Naziyanci. Zane-zane, wanda ya zama mutum mafi avant-garde ideas - Jason Pollock, Jean Fotre, Lucio Fontana, da sauransu - sun kawo canji, a tunani na Richter. The so for 'yanci na kerawa ya kai shi ga yanke shawara da su yi hijira, ko da yake ya ko da yaushe dauki kansa apolitical artists. A shekarar 1961, Gerhard Richter zama siyasa 'yan gudun hijira da kuma shi ne a Jamus.

lokaci gwaje-gwajen

A shekarar 1961, Richter, ko da yake ya sauke karatu daga hanya a Dresden High School, ya zama dalibi sake. Ya shiga Academy of Art Frankfurt. A malanta, wanda ya isa can, ya zama wani muhimmin kayan aiki a expat rayuwa. Ransa a wannan lokaci - sami naka hanya a cikin art na lokaci da kuma m experimentation. Ya yi kokarin hannunsa a kusan dukkanin yankunan na zamani zanen - daga m expressionism to pop art.

Gerhard ne tsakanin su 'yan'uwanmu' yan ajinsu, ciki har da Sigmar Polke, Konrad Fischer. A shekarar 1963, a cikin daya daga cikin komai shagunan a tsakiyar Frankfurt bude hadin gwiwa nuni a cikin abin da pop artovskoy qagaggun suna taimaka tare da live wasanni sculptures, film tsinkaya da sauransu. D. da m style of Richter da abokansa Abin mamaki kira jari hujja da labarun almara.

Mafi yawa daga aikinsa a lokacin Gerhard Rihter dauke da kadan darajar da kuma hallaka. Amma shi ke a lokacin da ya bayyana na farko da hotuna da cewa su ne bisa baki-da-fari hotuna, wanda shi ne batun mai idon basira image blurring halayyar, wanda ya zama wani kasuwanci da katin maye.

A shekarar 1964, bayan kammala karatu daga Academy, yana farawa zaman kanta da artist.

A hanya zuwa fitarwa

A 1967, Richter sanya Kunstpreis junger westen - Prize cewa kiwon mafi talented matasa artists a Jamus, kuma a shekarar 1971, ayyukan da aka cire a karkashin wani Pavilion a kan shahara Venice Biennale. A 1973, na farko solo nuni da artist a Amurka.

Tun daga nan, ya zane-zane ya bayyana a cikin mafi babbar jama'a da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin. Bugu da kari ga zalla m abin yabo daga cikin ayyukansa, da masana da masu sauraro lura da sikelin na bincike da kuma experimentation mahalicci. Richter ideas wahayi zuwa gare artists, a duniya, zama tushen sabon yayi a zamani art.

matsaloli a rarrabuwa

"A art akwai wani shirin, babu guda style, babu janar kwatance", - ya likes maimaita Gerhard Richter. Ya zane-zane ne bambancin a nau'o'i da jigogi. Har ila yau ayyukan halitta a jamsin na zane-zane da kuma hotuna, da master Halicci m Multi-haƙiƙa abun da ke ciki haife via scrapers, goge, da squeegee - m spatula, yada cakuda a kan manyan m jirgin sama.

A san shi da monochrome (toka-toka) minimalist zane-zane da kuma alama da kuma wadanda ba alama, hyperrealistic hotuna da kuma shimfidar, kuma har yanzu lifes m style fotozhivopisi - wadannan "kyandirori", halitta a cikin farkon shekarun 1980s, kuma yafi. Ya halarci maimaitawa daga cikin shahararrun stained-gilashi windows a cikin babban coci na Kolon. A mafi yawan 'yan lokaci ya nuna ba da sassaka - da girma abun da ke ciki na located a karkashin wani daban-daban kusurwa na gilashi zane-zane.

Richter a XXI karni

A total akwai game da dubu uku canvases. Duk da fama da bugun jini Richter, a shekara ta bayyana game da ɗari biyu da sabon ya zane-zane.

Ya sakamakon a kunya da kuma rikice ne farashin a wanda saya a gwanjo da aikinsa. Ya evinces shakka ya baratar da su da cewa a yau an canza ainihin art. Kamar wancan ne da rabo daga abin shakka a cikin kima da muhimmancin tsarki art da zamani a rayuwar karuwa. Duk da wannan, ya kasance cike da makamashi da kuma sha'awar yin aiki da kuma haifar da.