Gidan Kargopol - tarihin asalin. Daidaitawa na wasa na Kargopol

A cikin kauyuka da ke kan iyakar Kargopol Uyezd (a yau shi ne yankin Kargopol na yankin Arkhangelsk), tun lokacin da suka kasance a cikin aikin tukwane na yau da kullum. Wannan shari'ar ta samo asali - lokacin da aikin noma ya ƙare, 'yan ƙasar zasu iya iya magance tukwane. Daga ƙera yumbu ya haɓaka fasaha daban-daban. Don haka akwai sanannen wasan wasa na Kargopol. Da farko, babu wanda ya dauki wannan sana'a sosai. Don canza launin samfurin amfani da kayan. Gaskiya wannan shine injin wuta da lemun tsami.

Menene ta - abun wasa ne da aka yi da yumbu?

Clay Kargopol wasan kwaikwayo ne siffofi a cikin nau'i na karnuka, Bears, jariri-story heroes, squat muzhiks tare da bearded shebur, mata da jariri, tsuntsaye da sauran abubuwa masu rai. Duk da irin nau'o'in nau'i-nau'i, tsohon tsofaffin kayan wasa na Kargopol ba su da haske mai launi, saboda launuka da aka yi amfani da ita sune alli, soot da launi mai launi. Abun zamani ya riga ya fi kyau inuwa, amma masu sana'a suna ƙoƙari kada su yi abubuwan da suka kirkiro sosai. Red, blue, kore, farin, baki da ocher ne shahararrun shanu don kayan zane.

Mafi yawa daga cikin kayan wasa suna nuna irin waɗannan abubuwa na zane a matsayin zane-zane, jan magunguna, zobba. Duk waɗannan sune alamun rana ne. Har ila yau, ana amfani da motsi na tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, kunnuwan gurasa da hatsi.

Kundin aiki

A mafi yawan lokuta, sunayen masu sana'a irin wannan gizmos ba su san kowa ba. Amma akwai wasu mashahuran mashahuran wasan kwaikwayon Kargopol, saboda kwarewar da aka yi wa sana'a da kuma halayen halayen abubuwa.

A cikin shekaru talatin na karni na karshe a cikin ƙauyen Grinevo na zaune a Druzhinin Ivan Vasilievich - dangin masu sana'a. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu fasaha masu yalwa. A yau, manyan mutanensa sun san matsayin Kargopol.

Grinevo ya zama wurin haihuwar wasu mashahuran mashahuran, daga ƙarƙashin hannayensu wanda ya bayyana fassarar Kargopol mai ban mamaki. Sunanta Babkina Uliana Ivanovna. Farawa don ƙirƙirar wasan wasa a lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, Babkin ya ci gaba da aikinta don sauran rayuwarta. Ita ce wadda ba ta yarda da al'adar kyauta ta ƙarshe ba. Wannan Ulyana Ivanovna ya sami hoton doki-polkan, ko, kamar yadda ake kira, polihana. Centaur da gemu, wanda shine Polkan - ɗaya daga cikin ƙaunatattun ƙauna da kuma bayanan hotunan Kargopol.

Daular Shevelevyh

Wani abun wasa daga Kargopol ta hanyar ci gabanta shi ne mafi yawa saboda Shevelev. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi magana game da abubuwan ban mamaki ba tare da ambaci waɗannan mutane masu daraja ba. Iyalin Sheveliev sun fito ne daga ƙauyen Tokarevo, wanda ke kusa da Kargopol kanta tare da filin Pudozhsky. Shevelev Alexander Petrovich ya ba da rai ga reshe na Kargopol ofishin "Sea Sea patterns", wanda ya kawo kayan wasa.

A yau, Valentin Dmitrievich Shevelev ne ke gadon kakanni. Ya shiga aikin sake yin amfani da kayan aikin walda na zamani, wanda ya hada da sanyawa mai tsanani bayan yin wasa a wasan da ake kira chatterbox - wani bayani mai haske akan gari. A sakamakon haka, an rufe samfurin samfurin da shinge na ado da launin baki. Duk wannan zai yiwu saboda kone gari. A Kargopol a shekara ta 2003, an gina gidan koli na gidan Shevelev da kuma kayan karya na Kargopol.

Baba

Kyauta mafi girma a Kargopol mace ne. Dangane da haɗuwa da abubuwa da yawa da abubuwan da suke da ita, ta nuna cewa mai amfani ne zuwa ga zamani na Mesolithic, Neolithic da Paleolithic. A cikin bayyanar, siffar tana kama da mace mai tsagewa, wadda aka yi da dutse, tare da fuskarsa mai ban mamaki. Masana tarihi sunyi imanin cewa shi ne babban Uwar, wanda mai yiwuwa yana nufin mahaifiyar lokacin Paleolithic. Daga bisani an sake karatunta a matsayin alamar uwa ta duniya, babban alloli na yanayi. A ƙarshen wani lokaci, muhimmancin muhimmancin wasan wasa ya ɓace, kuma ya zama kamar wasan yaro da kuma kayan haɗi zuwa rayuwar mai baƙon.

Samar da mace

An tsara adadi a sassa daban-daban: kai da damuwa, hannayensu, da kararrawa da launi. Jigon da yatsa sun haɗa juna da juna, suka kulla hannayensu-sausages, suka juya su a matsayin ganga da kuma gyara. Kaya a cikin nau'i na kokoshnik ko hat da aka haɗe zuwa karshe. Wannan ya ƙaddamar da gyaran.

Gidan Kargopol yana bukatar karin zane. An haife Baba tare da lemun tsami, wani lokacin ana amfani da bayani game da alli da madara don wannan dalili. Sa'an nan kuma masanan suka fara zana hoton. An cika shi da wasu hotuna na ma'anar alama. Saboda haka, layin layin da aka kwatanta da ruwa da ruwa, zigzags na nufin walƙiya, ruwan sama da thunderstorms. Hoton giciye a cikin da'irar ya nuna rana, da gicciye a rhombus - duniya. Zane-zane na wasa na Kargopol a cikin hanyar gicciye tare da dige mai suna filin gona, kuma curls daban-daban suna tsiro. Da yake magana a gaba ɗaya, dukkan alamu da aka bayyana a sama sunyi tare da mazaunin mazaunin, mai laƙabi ko mai shuka.

Polkan

Wani wuri na musamman a cikin tarihin fasahar gine-gine yana shagaltar da kayan wasa na Polkan na Kargopol. Masu kwarewa a fannin abubuwan tunawa sun gaskata cewa kalmar "polkan" ta fito ne daga "polkonya". Wannan wasa ya bayyana bayan matar. An dauke shi a matsayin mai ban sha'awa da archaic, ya ƙunshi ma'anoni daban-daban. Polkan shine centaur, wani doki, sanye da gemu. Wani lokaci ana nuna shi da ƙirjin mata. A cikin Polykhan yana nuna alamar mahimmanci na masaukin baki - doki. Ya zama nauyin aikin gona, arziki, daraja da karfi.

Polkan ne mai tayarwa, tun lokacin da aka fara ganin 'yan wasa na farko a matsayin "mutane-dawakai". Beard - wannan hujja ne game da balagagge, kuma mummunan gashi alamace ce ta furen sojojin. Menene jaririn ta nuna alamar? Tarihi Kargopol abun wasa ce da shi ne a duniya alama ce da manoma: ya zama majiɓinci daga cikin HALITTAR, iyali, shugaba, mai tsaron hearth.

Wasu Figures

Sauran hotunan baya sun hada da siffofin dabbobi. Da farko, hares sun kasance sananne, kadan daga bisani doki suka kore su. Wani wuri mai mahimmanci mai kulawa ne wanda mai bear ("bear cub") ya kasance tare da ko ba tare da yaro ba. Ana iya zana shi da wasu abubuwa na gida, alal misali, tare da kifaye ko madubi a cikin takalma. Bear yana daya daga cikin alamomin farko na duniya. Labarun da suka faru kwanan nan game da kayan wasan kwaikwayo na Kargopol ne hotunan da suka shafi rayuwar karkara. Saboda haka, master sculpted uku harnessed dawakai da mahayansu. Maza tare da dogaye da gemu, suna riƙe da abin da aka ba su, ko takalma ko takalma, mata da maza mata - duk waɗannan alamu ne na kayan yumbu.

Hanyoyi na Kargopol wasan wasa

Kayan yakin Kargopol yana da kyakkyawan bayyanar. Yana da nau'i mai mahimmanci, iri da zane-zane. Wannan abu ana iya kiran shi da gaske, saboda kisa yana da kyauta kamar yadda ya yiwu. A bisa mahimmanci, duk labarun zane-zane na iya raba kashi da dama: na farko sun hada da irin abubuwan da ake kira arbaic, irin su Bereginya - mace wanda ke riƙe da pigeons a hannunta, da dawakai, Polkan da sauran dabbobi. Hanya na biyu na Kargopol wasan kwaikwayo sun hada da labaran da ke nuna alamomi daga rayuwar yankunan karkara. Har ila yau, wannan rukunin abubuwan tunawa ya nuna labarun labarun wasan kwaikwayon. Wannan ya haɗa da waƙoƙin irin wannan "Girl for washing", "Turnip" da sauransu.

Kyautar Kargopol na zane-zane na gargajiya shi ne labarin da aka yi da hannu mai launin fata da aka launi tare da launi daban-daban, amma ba tare da yin amfani da cikakkun bayanai ba kuma bai dace ba. Duk da cewa akwai haske inuwa a kan siffar, yana kama da muffled. Mutumin ya yi daidai da yanayin.

Game da wasan kwaikwayon Kargopol a yau

A yau, baya ga hotuna na al'ada, adadi masu yawa da yawa sun sami rinjaye. A nan akwai motsi da hali, masanan suna da sha'awar yin duk abin da ke cikin rayuwa ta ainihi. Potters sun kafa labaru da jigogi. A mafi rinjaye shi ne rayuwar masarauta, bukukuwansu da rayuwar yau da kullum. Akwai abubuwa da dama da ake tsarawa, wanda ke da dangantaka da lokuta masu ban sha'awa, da nune-nunen nune-nunen, da abubuwan da suka faru a wani gari.

Shevelyov House-Museum

Kargopol, Gagarin Street, lambar gidan gida 30 - yana cikin wannan gidan ginin da yake dauke da gine-gine mai suna Shevelevs House Museum a duk faɗin Rasha. Wannan ita ce gidan sarauta na daular daular masanan Kargopol. Akwai kananan ɗakuna guda biyu inda Klavdia Petrovna da Dmitry Vasilyevich Shevelevy suke amfani da su. Sun haifi 'ya'ya uku - Valentine, Vladimir da Vitaly. Kuma suka ba da rai ga 'ya'yansu, waɗanda ba su ba da komai ga aikin kakanninsu ba. Lokacin da Dmitry Vasilievich ya mutu a karshen 2000, magadansa sun yi wani shiri don bude gidan kayan gargajiya. Wannan ra'ayin ya goyan bayan gwamnonin gundumar, kuma bayan shekaru biyu, hukumomi sun ba rabin rabin kujerun zuwa ga Shevelevs.

Gidajen tarihi ya bayyana

A shekara ta 2002, a kan yankin ƙasar, Vladimir Shevelev ta shirya ɗakin zauren zinare, kuma a gaban sashin sashin gidan ya shirya ɗaki don ɗaliban masarauta. Shekara guda daga bisani 'yan'uwan Shevelevs suka kirkirar layin, amma dan lokaci ne. Gidan gidan hukuma na ranar budewa ranar 13 ga Yuni, 2003.

A Kargopol a yau ba wani zane na zane na Kargopol ba, don haka Gidan Shevelyov ya cika wannan rata. Ga hotunan wasu iyali heirlooms, gargajiya iyali kayan da suka kasance stuff aka sanya a kan wata maginin tukwane dabaran da kuma rufe da glaze gubar. An gabatar da hotunan tare da batutuwa na zanen 'yan'uwa uku. Zai zama mai ban sha'awa a nan don tsofaffin tsara, da kuma ƙarami.

Wannan shi ne kayan wasa na Kargopol. Tarihin asalinsa ya koma zamanin d ¯ a, yana wucewa cikin ƙarni kuma ya tsaya a cikin zamani na Kargopol a cikin gidan kayan gidan gidan gidan Shevelev. Mai yiwuwa, wanda ya fara ganin yumbu, zai ce: "Wannan ni kaina zan yi." Amma a'a, a nan kana bukatar fasaha na musamman, basira, kyauta. Don ƙirƙirar wasan kwaikwayon Kargopol, kana buƙatar ka kasance tare da ruhu mai basira da kuma ƙauna ga al'adun gargajiya da kuma mahaifarka.