Gyare-gyaren da Khrushchev da siyasa

Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev zo a cikin tarihi na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Rasha a matsayin mafi rigima m, kawo ci gaban sabon kwatance a waje da kuma cikin gida da manufofin da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma ya za'ayi a shekaru goma na mulkinsa da dama da sake fasalin.

Ciki manufofin Khrushchev

Stalin ta mutuwa a 1953 ya jagoranci wani m gwagwarmayar wani wuri a kan "kursiyin", amma matsayi na farko sakataren CPSU Khrushchev tafi. A XX-th Congress (1956), ya sanya wani rahoto, samu a duk duniya rawa. Babban batu da aka daukan hotuna na hali daba na Stalin, listing a yawan laifuka 30s-50s. da kuma mutuncin zargi na da danniya. A farkon de-Stalinization da kuma tsarin dimokuradiyya.

Khrushchev ta sake fasalin

De-Stalinization, duk da haka, babu jerin, babu mutunci. A cewar gaskatawar Khrushchev, shi ne Hukuncin da sadaukarwa na Stalin da kuma kafa jam'iyyar iko a kan punitive gabobin. Akwai maido da doka da oda, da bin doka da oda da kuma hakkin da tsarin mulki na jama'a.

Khrushchev ya gyara aikinsa, sun ci gaba - da sake fasalin kudin na jam'iyyar da aka za'ayi tsarin dimokuradiyya, canje-canje a cikin yanayi na samun da shi, da karfafawa daga kungiyoyi da kuma kungiyar tarayyar jamhuriyoyin. A shekarar 1957 ya mayar da hakkokin mutane tura ta Stalin. Akwai sabon gabobin da jama'a hukumomi, da dai sauransu

dokokin sake fasalin

Kokarin je ya jagoranci wani wahala na management tsarin, kara yawan jami'an da tattalin arziki da hanyoyin da management. A shekarar 1962 ya sanya an m mafi yawan sake fasalin: da specialization na jam'iyyar kungiyoyin (masana'antu da kuma noma). Kasar ne zuwa kashi 105 tattalin arziki yankuna.

agrarian garambawul

Khrushchev ta sake fasalin fara tare da aikin noma. Daga 1953 zuwa karfafa tattalin arziki matsayi na gama gonaki, da girman da m haraji da aka rage. Farms sun bayar da rance, ya zo da sabon dabara. A cikin tsakiyar 50s suka fara tare da la'akari da bunqasar - canji a cikin jihar gonaki. Sai aka halitta da kuma hukumomin tattalin arzikin.

The manoma aka bai takardar fasfot, an gudanar fensho.

Masara almara ya kuma zama wani ɓangare na image na Khrushchev - bin misali na Amurka da wannan al'ada ya fara strenuously tilasta a ko'ina, ko da a wuraren da ba zai iya girma, bisa manufa, (har zuwa Far Arewa!).

A shekarar 1954 a yakin da aka kaddamar domin ci gaba da budurwa asashe. Biye da wani kaifi Yunƙurin zuwa damina mai albarka a karon farko tãyar da samuwa farashin hatsi a cikin postwar shekaru. Amma da yashewa na lalace budurwa gona. Nonchernozem cibiyar zo zuwa cikakken tsaya.

Soja Khrushchev ta sake fasalin

Bayan zuwa ga ikon, sai ya ɗauki shugabanci ya dauke da tsaro da kuma manyan masana'antu. SA da kuma rundunar samu makaman nukiliya da makamai masu linzami. Bisa ga ma'auni na soja ikon da Tarayyar Soviet ta kai parity tare da Amurka. Mun yi la'akari da shugabanci na ci gaban siyasa da zaman lafiya na jihohi daban-daban sotsstroya.

zaman jama'a garambawul

Bayan tallafi na doka a kan biyan pensions ga manoma, aka yanke shawarar warware koyarwa kudade a makarantar sakandare, shekaru takwas na makaranta ya zama ba makawa. Kafa norms lokacin aiki, musamman - 6-hour aiki rana domin matasa 16 shekara.

Rayayye fadada gidaje stock. Housing yi dogara ne a kan m hanyoyi. kasar gidaje stock karu da 40% a cikin shekaru bakwai. Duk da haka, yi da aka za'ayi a cikin style, wanda ya tafi a cikin tarihi na odes kira "hruschoby", amma ya bace gidaje rikicin.

Makaranta garambawul ya sa a guda takwas-shekara makaranta. Don samun cikakken sakandare ilimi bukatar su ci gaba da ilimi a sakandare Polytechnic makaranta (sana'a makaranta, da yamma, ko kuma rubutu makaranta).

External Khrushchev siyasa

External dangantakar a kwanakin ci gaba a cikin style na gargajiya manufofin da Bolsheviks. Ainihin shugabanci na kasashen waje da manufofin ne don karfafa tsaro a duk iyakoki.

Rayayye sabunta lambobi tare da kasashen waje wajen bayyana a cikin latsa kuma m reviews game da wasu ƙasashe. Fadada cinikayya. Wannan entails moriyar juna, saboda kasashen turai ya sami m kasuwar domin su kayayyakin.

Ma ya shafi halin da ake ciki na duniya ƙaddamar da farko wucin gadi da tauraron dan adam a shekarar 1957, sabon, sarari shekaru fara. Khrushchev, mai taimako ga Sarauniya, tana goyon baya da ra'ayin cimma da Amirkawa a sarari bincike.

Wannan ya canjãwa, da sikeli na manyan al'amurra, shi ne a yanzu kasashen yamma ya kasance a cikin gani na Soviet intercontinental makamai masu linzami.

A shekarar 1961. Yana da aka sanya "Berlin ultimatum," wanda Khrushchev bukaci a yi bango tsakanin Gabas da Yamma Berlin. A babbar martani na duniya al'umma. Bayan da "Berlin rikicin" barke wani, da ake kira "Caribbean" ko "makami mai linzami rikicin". Kennedy kokarin kama Cuba, wanda Tarayyar Soviet ne tattalin arziki, kuma a yanzu da soja agaji, aika zuwa soja da fasaha shawara, wani iri-iri makamai. Ciki har da makamai masu linzami da barazanar Amurka yajin. Kennedy ya nema a hana fitarwa na makamai masu linzami a kasar Cuba, kuma Khrushchev ya dauki wadannan bukatun.

A Kennedy kisan gilla kai ga bukatar kafa lamba tare da Shugaban kasar Johnson. Amma da Khrushchev ta zargin da aka sanya a voluntarism, kuma ya gabata. Yana kashe shi da kuma kokarin datsa amfanin da gata na ma'aikata. Karkashin Khrushchev, Tarayyar Soviet ya ɓullo da wani amincewa da tsarin, duk da haka, ya karfafa tushe na administrative-umurnin tsarin.