Gyare-gyaren da ya lashe zabe Rada Ivana Groznogo

By karshen 1540s lokacin da matasa m Ivan IV kafa wani da'irar Figures, wanda ya dogara kasuwanci a jihar. Daga baya, sabuwar gwamnatin Andrei Kurbsky kira "zaba Rada". Mafi shahara daga cikin mambobi sun Adashev Alexei Fedorovich, confessor Sylvester Viskovatov Ivan Mikhailovich - kai na Ambassadors na oda, da kuma 'yan sauran daraja sarakuna.

Gyare-gyaren zaba farin ciki

A farko matakai wajen sake fasalin da aka saduwa manyansu da kuma gwamna. A 1549 shi ya faru a kan Fabrairu taron, wanda ya zama na farko Zemsky Sobor. Babban siyasa da dabarun zaba farin ciki ne karkashin shugabancin tsakiya da Rasha jihar a Yammacin model na wayewa. Rikidar ake bukata na garambawul kunshin. Gyare-gyaren sun zaba farin ciki antiboyarskuyu fuskantarwa. Yana dogara ga gonaki, da nobility, townspeople, kuma, saboda haka, sun bayyana bukatun musamman.

Zaba murna da cewa ya gyãra faru a 1549-1560 gg., Aiwatar da wani canji a duk duniyoyin al'umma. A canje-canje shafi administrative, ecclesiastical, shari'a, harkokin kudi, haraji da kuma sauran tsarin.

Zaba murna garambawul a cikin shari'a da kuma tsarin gudanarwa

By yanke shawara na "Cathedral of sulhu" a 1549 shirya wani sabon sa na dokokin. Gyara of Law da aka kafa a 1550. Dangantaka tsakanin mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji kuma manoma ba su canza, za mu riƙe da wannan dokoki da kuma dokokin. A daidai wannan lokaci da ɗan iyakance ikon kormlenschikov filin, kara aiwatar da samuwar umarni. Umarni - wadannan ne farko aikin gwamnati, a lura da mutum yankunan harkokin jama'a (in ba haka ba su da aka kira da bẽnãye, kotunan, da dai sauransu). Mafi shahararren kasance ro, Strelets, Ambassadors da sauran umarni.

A daidai wannan lokaci shi za'ayi karkashin shugabancin tsakiya na gida gwamnati. Namestnichi management aka maye gurbinsu da zaben gwamnati. Wadannan da sauran sababbin abubuwa ƙarfafa matsayin da tsada a cikin al'umma, a hade lardin nobility a cikin sabis aji na gari.

sojojin garambawul

A cikin tsakiyar 50s na XVI karni sanya "The Code of Service". m domin na sabis da aka shigar. All gonaki, ko da girman su Holdings, girma da mutane da servicemen. Gwamnatin Alexei Adasheva shirya strelets sojojin da kuma kafa wani detachment na maharba kare sarki. Bisa ga sakamakon soja sake fasalin a cikin dubban sojoji bayyana makamai, kayan aiki da kuma abinci.

Church garambawul zaba farin ciki

A 1551 ya samu karbuwa a Stoglav, wanda aka buga a da ɗari shugabannin articles a kan martani Ivana Groznogo a kan tsarin da coci. Stoglav karfafa janar horo na coci, kayyade rayuwa. Sarkin so kwace coci ƙasashe, amma zabe Rada wadannan nufi ba a amince. The Church karfi nemi karfafa ikonta, ya rika fadowa a cikin idanun mutãne.

Zaba murna garambawul a tsarin kudi

Babu administrative gyara ba za a iya za'ayi ba tare da gyara da haraji tsarin. A 1550 wani ƙidaya dukan yawan. Homestead haraji da aka maye gurbinsu da Land. A cikin tsakiyar yankin gabatar da haraji naúrar kira "babban garma", da darajar ne bambance bambancen dangane da matsayin da gonaki. Biyan haraji da yawan jama'a ne mafi zama Karkasa. "Kormlenchesky samun kudin shiga" da aka maye gurbinsu da kasa "kormlenchesky rahama."

A general, da gyara zaba farin ciki a lokacin da Ivan da Munin aka gauraye. Sun kasance a jayayya. Gyare-gyaren sun karfafa ikon da tsada da kuma kyautata halin da ake ciki. Su aiwatar da aka katse saboda resignations zabe Rada a 1560