Hannu Cortex A7 processor: siffofin da kuma sake dubawa

ARM Cortex A7 . A wannan labarin, za mu magana game da hannu Cortex A7 processor gine. Semiconductor kayayyakin bisa shi za a iya samu a smart phones, magudanar, kwamfutar hannu inji mai kwakwalwa da kuma sauran na'urorin hannu, inda ta kasance har kwanan nan sun shagaltar da manyan matsayi a cikin wannan kasuwar kashi. Yanzu shi ne a hankali maye gurbinsu da mafi sabon da kuma sabo ne processor mafita.

Taƙaitaccen bayani game da kamfanin hannu

началась в 1990 году, когда она была основана Робином Саксби. Tarihi na hannu da kamfanoni suka fara a shekarar 1990, lokacin da aka kafa ta Robin Saxby. Same dalilin halittarsa kasance wani sabon microprocessor gine. , то после образования данной компании появилась достойная альтернатива в виде RISC. Kafin cewa a rinjaye matsayi a kan x86 CPU kasuwar shagaltar ko CISC, bayan da samuwar kamfanin ya bayyana a matsayin wani cancanci madadin zuwa RISC. A cikin farko case, da aiwatar da code da aka rage zuwa 4 matakai:

1. Shiri na na'ura umarnin.

2. Yin hira microcode.

3. Samun micro-umarnin.

4. Phased aiwatar da micro-umarnin.

сновная же идея архитектуры RIS С состояла в том, что обработку программного кода можно свести к 2 этапам: SIC wannan ra'ayin Ris gine kunshi a gaskiyar cewa aiki na shirin code za a iya takaita a 2 matakai:

1. RISC- инструкций. Shiri RISC- umarnin.

2. RISC- инструкций. RISC- aiki umarnin.

ак в первом, так и во втором случае есть как плюсы, так и существенные недостатки. Ow a farko da kuma a karo na biyu idan, akwai biyu abũbuwan amfãni, kuma gagarumin shortcomings. RISC ( в том числе и ARM Cortex A7 , представленная 2011 году) — рынок мобильных устройств. x86 nasarar lashe kwamfuta kasuwar, da kuma RISC (ciki har da hannu Cortex A7, ya gabatar a 2011) - kasuwa na na'urorin hannu.

A labarin da Cortex A7 gine. key siffofin

A yin "Cortex A8" a matsayin dalilin "Cortex A7." Ainihin ra'ayin Developers a cikin wannan yanayin ne ya tabbatar, to kara yawan aiki da kuma muhimmanci inganta makamashi yadda ya dace da aiki da mafita. . Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru ƙarshe, kamfanin injiniyoyi hannu. Wani muhimmin alama a wannan harka shi ne cewa akwai wata damar haifar da wani big.LITTLE CPU da fasaha. Wato, da semiconductor guntu iya hada wani sarrafa kwamfuta naúrar 2. Daya daga cikin su ya nufin warware mafi sauki ayyuka tare da kadan ikon amfani da, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin wannan rawa, da kuma yin "Cortex A7" core. A na biyu da aka tsara don gudu mafi hadaddun software da kuma dogara ne a kan sarrafa kwamfuta raka'a "Cortex A15" da "A17 Cortex". Hukumance "Cortex A7" da aka gabatar, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, a shekarar 2011. To, da farko processor hannu Cortex A7 ga wani haske shekara daga baya, watau a shekarar 2012.

samar da fasaha

Da farko, da semiconductor-tushen kayayyakin samar da A7 65 nm aiwatar da fasaha. Yanzu wannan fasaha ne rashin m. A nan gaba, shi da aka saki biyu da al'ummomi A7 sarrafawa m matsayin for 40 nm da kuma 32 nm. Amma yanzu sun zama m. A mafi yawan 'yan CPU model dangane da wannan gine sanya riga a rates na 28 nm, da kuma cewa za su iya har yanzu a iya samu don sayarwa. Bugu da ari miƙa mulki ga sabon fasaha matakai da sabon dokoki na m da m gine zata wuya daraja shi. Kwakwalwan kwamfuta bisa A7 yanzu shagaltar da ta fi kasafin kudin kashi na kasuwar na hannu da na'urorin da aka hankali ya maye gurbin na'urori riga kan A53, wanda shi ne kusan a wannan makamashi sigogi yana da mafi girma yi da matakin.

Architecture microprocessor core

1, 2, 4 ko 8 tsakiya iya kunshe a cikin CPU dangane da hannu Cortex A7. Halaye na sarrafawa a karshen harka, ya nuna cewa tsarin da guntu ne da gaske 2 zuwa 4 tari tsakiya. 2-3, da processor shigarwa-matakin kayayyakin bisa kwakwalwan kwamfuta tare da 1 im ko 2 kwamfuta kayayyaki. A talakawan matakin daukan 4-core mafita. To, da premium kashi da aka 8-core kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Kowane microprocessor core dangane da wannan gine hada da wadannan kayayyaki:

• лок обработки чисел с плавающей запятой ( FPU). B kulle aiki iyo nufi (FPU).

• Kache na Level 1.

• NEON для оптимизации работы ЦПУ. NEON naúrar don inganta CPU.

• ARMv7. ARMv7 sarrafa kwamfuta a koyaushe.

Akwai ma da wadannan kowa aka gyara domin duk nuclei a cikin CPU:

• Kache na L2.

• Nuclei Control naúrar CoreSight.

• Data Management Controller Amba bas tare da bit na 128 ragowa.

zai yiwu mita

Matsakaicin darajar ga wani ba Agogon mita na microprocessor gine iya bambanta daga 600 MHz zuwa 3 GHz. Har ila yau, lura da cewa wannan siga wadda ƙayyade matsakaicin tasiri a kan wasan kwaikwayon na kwamfuta tsarin canje-canje. Cikinsa da mita kai tsaye rinjayar uku dalilai:

• Wahala matsalar da za'a warwaresu.

• A mataki na ingantawa software don multithreading.

• A halin yanzu tamanin da semiconductor guntu zazzabi.

Kamar yadda wani misali mun yi la'akari da algorithm aiki MT6582 guntu, wanda dogara ne a kan A7 da ya hada da hudu mai aiki da na'urar kwamfuta raka'a wanda mita canje-canje daga 600 MHz zuwa 1.3 GHz. A rago yanayin, yana da aiki naúrar iya kawai zama daya kawai sarrafa kwamfuta naúrar, kuma shi aiki a kan mafi ƙasƙanci yiwu mita 600 MHz. A irin wannan halin da ake ciki ne a cikin akwati inda sauki aikace-aikace a kan salula na'urar za a kaddamar. Amma lokacin da jerin ayyuka bayyana resource- wasan yara tare da gyara domin multithreading, shi za ta atomatik juya ga aikin na duk 4 na code aiki naúrar a mita na 1.3 GHz. Kamar yadda mafi yawan zafi da dumama CPU core zai rage mita ko switched off. A daya hannun, wannan dabarar samar da energoeffektivnst, da kuma sauran - guntu m matakin na yi.

Kache na memory

Kawai 2 cache matakin azurta a hannu Cortex A7. Halaye na semiconductor guntu, bi da bi, na nuna gaskiyar cewa na farko da matakin da aka m ya kasu kashi 2 daidai halves. должна хранить данные, а другая — инструкции. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne don adana bayanai, da kuma sauran - umarnin. азмер кеша на 1-ом уровне по спецификациям может быть равен 64 Кб. Takaitacciyar p Girma cache 1st matakin bayani dalla-dalla na iya zama daidai da 64 KB. A sakamakon haka, mun samu 32 KB for data da kuma 32 KB ga code. е ть от конкретной модели ЦПУ. Kache na matakin 2 a cikin wannan hali zai zama mai dogara a kan musamman e CPU model. The karami adadin zai iya zama 0 MB (Ina nufin, ba ya nan) da kuma most - 4MB.

Mai kula RAM. da fasali

Gina-in kula RAM sanye take da wani processor hannu Cortex A7. halaye na fasaha shirin nuna cewa an tsara aiki a tare da tare da RAM LPDDR3 misali. Shawarar mita memory aiki a wannan harka shi ne daidai 1066 MHz da kuma 1333 MHz. Matsakaicin size na RAM, wanda za a iya gani a yi, domin ba model na guntu ne 2 GB.

Hadakar graphics

Kamar yadda sa ran, da data microprocessor na'urorin da wani Hadakar graphics subsystem. рекомендует использовать в сочетании с этим ЦПУ графическую карту собственной разработки Mali - 400MP2 . Production kamfanin hannu ya bada shawarar cewa ka yi amfani da, a tare da tare da CPU graphics katin Mali ta ci gaban - 400MP2. Amma ta yi shi ne mafi sau da yawa bai isa ya saki gagarumin da m na microprocessor na'urorin. Saboda haka kwakwalwan kwamfuta developers amfani da a hade tare da ya fi dacewa guntu katin, misali, Power VR6200.

software siffofin

Iri uku Tsarukan aiki ne da nufin a hannu sarrafawa:

• от поискового гиганта Google. Android daga search giant Google.

• от APPLE. iOS daga Apple.

• от «Майкрософт». Windows Mobile daga "Microsoft".

Komai ne tsarin software bai riga ya sami fadi da rarraba. The most rabo a cikin kasuwar da irin wannan software ne, ba wuya a tsammani, yana daukan Android. Wannan tsarin yana da sauki, kuma da ilhama ke dubawa na'urar kuma bisa shi ne sosai farko matakin da sosai m. Kafin version 4.4 m, shi ne 32-bit, kuma tare da 5.0 a yanzu tana goyon bayan 64-bit sarrafa kwamfuta. , в том числе и ARM Cortex A7. Wannan tsarin aiki da aka samu nasarar aiki a wani iyali CPU gine RISC, ciki har da hannu Cortex A7. Engineering menu - shi ne wani muhimmin alama na tsarin software. Tare da shi za ka iya muhimmanci reconfigure da OS fasali. Samun wannan menu za a iya isa ga yin amfani da code cewa CPU ga kowace ƙira ne na musamman.

Wani muhimmin alama ne Linux tsarin aiki - shigarwa na duk yiwu updates ta atomatik. Saboda haka, ko da sabuwar dama bayyana a cikin guntu iyali hannu Cortex A7. Firmware iya ƙara su. Na biyu tsarin ne da nufin mobile na'urori da kamfanonin Apple. Irin wannan na'urorin kullum zauna a premium - rabi kuma da Game da matakan da yi da kuma kudin. пока не получила большого распространения. Bugawa OS Windows Mobile fuska ba ta riga ta samu m rarraba. Na'urorin dogara ne a kan shi ne, a cikin wani sashi na mobile na'urori, amma cewa wani karamin adadin software aikace-aikace a cikin wannan yanayin ne iyakance factor domin ta yaduwa.

processor model

A mafi samuwa da kuma kalla m, a wannan yanayin ne 1-core kwakwalwan kwamfuta. A mafi tartsatsi daga gare su MT6571 samu daga kamfanin library. A mataki sama ne dual CPU hannu Cortex A7 Dual Core. A matsayin misali, MT6572 daga dukkan guda manufacturer. An ma fi girma matakin na yi bayar yan hudu Core hannu Cortex A7. Mafi mashahuri guntu daga wannan iyali shi ne MT6582, wanda ko da a yanzu za a iya samu a mobile na'urori, da farko matakin. To, mafi girma matakin na yi bayar da 8-core CPUs, wanda ya kasance daga 6595 MT.

Yiwuwa ga kara ci gaba da

Za ka iya har yanzu a iya samu a kantin sayar da shelves mobile na'urorin wadda ake bisa semiconductor aiki naúrar kan 4X hannu Cortex A7. Wannan MT6580, MT6582 da kuma "Snapdragon 200". Dukkan wadannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta hada da hudu sarrafa kwamfuta naúra da kuma da kyau kwarai makamashi yadda ya dace. Har ila yau a cikin wannan harka, da kudin ne sosai, suna fadin. Amma har yanzu da mafi kyau na sau shi ne wani microprocessor gine ne a kan. Ganiya tallace-tallace na kayayyakin bisa shi ya fadi a 2013-2014, a lokacin da kasuwar for mobile na'urori ta na da kusan babu madadin. Kuma a cikin wannan harka muna magana ne game da kasafin kudin a matsayin na'urar da 1 ko 2 kwamfuta kayayyaki da kuma wani flagship na'urori tare da 8-core CPU. A lokacin, shi a hankali displaces kasuwa "Cortex A53", wanda shi ne da gaske a modified 64-bit version na A7. A wannan yanayin, babban abũbuwan amfãni daga da wanda ya riga, shi ya kiyaye gaba ɗaya, da kuma nan gaba ne haƙĩƙa a baya shi.

A ra'ayi na masana da kuma masu amfani. Real sake dubawa na kwakwalwan kwamfuta bisa wannan gine. Karfi da kuma kasawan

Hakika, wani gagarumin taron na duniya na na'urorin hannu ya kasance fitowan microprocessor gine hannu Cortex A7 na'urorin. A mafi kyau hujja da wannan shi ne cewa na'urorin dangane da shi ya samu nasarar sayar da fiye da shekaru 5. Hakika, a yanzu da CPU iya aiki a kan tushen da A7 riga bai isa ba har ma ga tsakiyar matakin ayyuka, amma mafi sauki code a kan irin kwakwalwan kwamfuta da aka samu nasarar aiki a yau. A jerin irin wannan software ya hada da video, audio sauraro, karanta littattafai, igiyar ruwa da yanar gizo, har ma da mafi sauki toys, a cikin wannan yanayin gudu ba tare da wani matsaloli. Shi ne a kan wannan da kuma mayar da hankali a kan manyan Topical portals sadaukar domin mobile na'urori da kuma devaysa matsayin manyan masana na wannan shirin, kazalika da talakawa masu amfani. Key debe A7 - shi ne rashin goyon baya ga 64-bit sarrafa kwamfuta. Amma manyan abũbuwan amfãni hada da cikakken hade da makamashi yadda ya dace da kuma cika.

sakamakon

это целая эпоха в мире мобильных устройств. Hakika, da gine-gine na hannu Cortex A7 - a dukan zamanin a duniya na hannu da na'urorin. Shi yana tare da zuwan ta hannu da na'urorin sun zama available da quite m. Kuma da mere cewa shi yana da fiye da shekaru 5 nasarar sayar da wani dalĩli. Amma idan na farko na'urori a karkashi ne a tsakiyar da kuma premium segments na kasuwar, da kuma yanzu don su ne kawai a kasafin kudin aji. Wannan gine ne m, kuma sannu a hankali bace.