Immunological reactivity. Species reactivity

дифференцированно отвечать на влияние раздражителей. Reactivity - wannan dukiya ne differentially amsa to da tasiri na samuwar kasashe. Ana rinjayar da ikon na wata dabba ko mutum ya daidaita da muhalli da yanayi da kuma kula da homeostasis. Ka yi la'akari da kara, kamar yadda bayyana reactivity.

pathophysiology

Evaluation da aka yi da bambanci martani ingantaccen da kuma gwada yawa Manuniya. A reactivity dole rarrabe daga cikin dauki. A karshen tana nufin nan da nan gyara tsarin, aiki, metabolism a mayar da martani ga tasirin samuwar kasashe. Reactivity kayyade martani halaye. Duk da haka, da farko Jihar actuation tsarin yana da wani sakamako a kan matakin. Daga reactivity, ta haka ne, da girma da dauki dogara.

nuna siffofin

: Akwai da wadannan siffofin reactivity:

1. Na al'ada - normergiya.
2. Karuwan - gipergiya. A wannan yanayin, da zumudi matakai ne marinjãya.
3. Rage - gipoergiya. A irin wannan yanayi ne marinjãya braking tafiyar matakai.
4. Batattun - dizergiya.

может иметь место в каждой отдельной системе. Ko da cewa immunological reactivity da kwayoyin iya daukar wuri a cikin kowane mutum tsarin. A general, wani mutum ko dabba na iya zama wani daya daga cikinsu. A asibiti yi, a karkashin gipergicheskimi fahimta cuta Pathology da pronounced bayyanar cututtuka, m rafi, kuma a karkashin gipoergicheskimi - indolent cuta da sharewa asibiti hoto. Lura cewa a mayar da martani ga wani musamman kara kuzari iya zama daban-daban. может отмечаться в отношении аллергена. Alal misali, kara reactivity za a iya lura dangane da allergen. Duk da haka, to wata kara kuzari (zafin jiki, misali) yana iya zama low.

kimantawa Manuniya

Bukatarsa ce, kawai gwada yawa halaye ba da damar cikakken fahimtar da reactivity. A wannan batun, ta amfani da ingancin Manuniya. следует отметить: Daga cikin manyan yawa characterizing reactivity siffofin, ya kamata a lura:

1. Irritability. Yana da wani janar dukiya rayuwa da kar na farko halayen.
2. Excitability. Shi ne da ikon na jijiya, tsoka da sauran kyallen takarda don amsa ga samuwar kasashe da kuma tasiri lokacinta canja wuri zuwa sauran tsarin.
3. Resistance. An bayyana a cikin juriya ga rinjayar matsananci samuwar kasashe, ikon tsayayya ba tare da gagarumin sabawa jihar na ciki yanayi.
4. Aikin motsi. Yana nuna wani musamman tsanani daga na farko halayen da bi da physiological ayyuka na musamman na'urar.
5. Ƙima. Yana wakiltar ikon ƙayyade da wuri, inganci da ƙarfin da kara kuzari, bayar da rahoton da shi zuwa ga sauran tsarin.

rarrabuwa

: A wadannan iri reactivity:

1. Primary (jinsin).
2. Group (samfurin).
3. Mutane daya-daya.

A karshe biyu, bi da bi, na iya zama:

1. Physiological.
2. Pathological.

Sun kasu kashi takamaiman da nonspecific. отдельно. Ka yi la'akari da wadannan iri reactivity dabam.

primary martani

основывается на биологической способности реагировать на влияние адекватных раздражителей окружающей среды. Reactivity dogara ne a kan nazarin halittu ikon amsa to da tasiri na isasshen muhalli da samuwar kasashe. A farko martani ne a jam'i na m-Na'urar sunadaran, wanda ne muhimmi ga wani musamman dabba. , в частности, выражается в инстинктах, анабиозе, сезонном сне, стойкости к разным воздействиям. Reactivity, musamman, da aka bayyana a cikin gabbai, anabiosis, yanayi barci, jure daban-daban da tasirinsa. An gano cewa kunkuru ba ya nuna ji na ƙwarai to tetanus toxin, berayen ba inoculated Anthrax pathogenicity na gonococcal nuna ne kawai dangane da birrai da mutane. Reactivity jinsunan dogara ne a kan irin ikon, da fasali da kuma halaye da cewa sun kafa a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta da aka gyarawa a cikin genotype.

Group, kuma mutum martani

Suna kafa dangane da primary reactivity (jinsin). Mutane daya-daya da martani saboda tsiwirwirinsu, da gaji halaye. зависит от пола, возраста, функционального состояния систем, в первую очередь нервной и эндокринной, конституции, внешних раздражителей. Wannan reactivity dogara a kan jima'i, shekaru, aikin jiha na tsarin, musamman da juyayi da kuma endocrine, kundin tsarin mulki da na waje samuwar kasashe. Group martani halayyar ƙungiyoyi mutane, irin wannan a wasu hereditary kundin tsarin filaye. Kira physiological reactivity lafiya, al'ada kwayoyin a cikin yanayin da zai taimaka na zama, don amsa mayalwaci zuwa rinjayar samuwar kasashe. Pathological martani zo a ƙarƙashin rinjayar cuta-haddasa jamiái. Yana bayyana kanta a rage daga cikin Na'urar damar iya yin komai na murmurewa wani jinya jiki. Wannan martani iya zama saboda cuta kai tsaye ko kwayoyin shirin (hereditary cututtuka), ko kuma ta aiwatar da sunadaran (samun Pathology).

takamaiman amsa

Yana wakiltar jiki ta ikon amsa antigenic ruri. A takamaiman reactivity samar humoral antibody directed musamman kunna hadaddun salula martani. Wannan martani samar da juriya ga cututtuka, karbuwa ga wani muhalli da yanayi (misali, rashi na oxygen). Pathological takamaiman reactivity auku a rigakafi tafiyar matakai. Yana iya zama daban-daban allergies, autoimmune cututtuka da kuma yanayi. An bayyana ta musamman dauki, wadda aka kafa ta a juna na Pathology takamaiman nosology. Alal misali, a lokacin da ciwon ya kama kurji faruwa a lokacin da jijiyoyi suke a cikin hauhawar jini spastic yanayin, radiation amai ya shafa hematopoietic tsarin da sauransu.

pseudoreaction

Yana da ikon nuna irin wannan nau'in na mayar da martani ga daban-daban samuwar kasashe. Irin wannan reactivity aka bayyana a matsayin karbuwa ga dama waje dalilai. Alal misali, yayin da wani rashi na oxygen da kuma ta jiki danniya. . An bayyana matsayin reactivity da danniya juriya da kwayoyin. A karshen ne a lalacewa juriya. Ga kamata mu lura daya gargadi. проявляется не конкретно к какому-то агенту или их группе. Nonspecific juriya da kwayoyin bayyana ba musamman ga wani wakili ko kungiyar. Martani da dorewa aka bayyana dangane da lalacewar matsayin dukan daban-daban samuwar kasashe, ciki har da matsananci. Pathological nonspecific reactivity bayyana ta halayen hali na da yawa cututtuka (hankula form neurogenic dystrophy parabiosis, zafi, zazzabi, da mayar da martani ga maganin sa barci, bugu, da sauransu).

Reactivity da kuma juriya da kwayoyin

Wadannan biyu bayyananen suna a hankali da alaka da juna. Reactivity ne mafi fadi ra'ayi, kuma ya hada da wani juriya. Yana nuna da sunadaran da karshen, da rabo daga tsarin da duk wani wakili. Resistance nuna matakai na reactivity matsayin m da kuma Na'urar. Yana nuna kawai ya shafi gaggawa kara kuzari. и его устойчивости не всегда происходят одновременно. Ya kamata a ce cewa canje-canje a cikin reactivity da kwanciyar hankali ba ko da yaushe faruwa a lokaci guda. Alal misali, a farko shi qara anaphylaxis, amma juriya da aka rage. Lokacin da jure hunturu, a kan m, da reactivity rage-rage, amma shi qara juriya ga wasu kasashe. A wannan batun, dabara na likita da magani daga pathologies ya kamata a zabi tsananin akayi daban-daban. A kullum, indolent cuta, cuta na ciki gabobin, raunin kara da reactivity na jiki zai yi kyau sakamako. A wannan yanayin, magani na allergies kamata a tare da wani karu a matakin tare da girmamawa ga wani musamman kara kuzari.

kayan aiki

и его устойчивость, формируются на основе его конституции, наследственности, специфики обменных процессов, состояния эндокринной, нервной и других систем. Dalilai kayyade reactivity da kwanciyar hankali, an kafa a kan tushen da ta tsarin mulki, gadar hali, da bayani dalla-dalla na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, da endocrine, juyayi, da sauran tsarin. Sun dogara ne a kan jinsi, shekaru, external samuwar kasashe. – это генетически обусловленные элементарные признаки. Dalilai reactivity da kwayoyin - An genetically m na farko da ãyõyinMu. Suna bayyana a cikin phenotype. A reactivity za a iya gani a matsayin hade da wadannan siffofin, aikin barga haduwa halitta integrative naúrar.

Bayani dalla-dalla na samuwar

Reactivity da aka halitta, a kowane rukuni daga cikin kungiyar. Alal misali, a cikin kwayoyin - na bayyana da dauki zuwa hypoxia rakiyar lauje salula -. A lokacin phagocytosis, da dai sauransu All shirye-shirye ne tsananin mutum. A cikin organismic da kuma tsari matakan kafa wata qualitatively sabon hadewa da kai ga wani takamaiman tsarin ayyuka. Da rawar da haddasa nasa ne da juyayi tsarin. A mafi girma dabbobi, shi ya haifar da wani mayar da martani a duk yankuna - a tsoka mai amsa sigina matakin a cikin conductors a medulla da laka, a cikin bawo da subcortical yankunan a matsayin mutum - a matsayin wani ɓangare na biyu alama tsarin da kuma sun fi mayar dogara a kan zamantakewa yanayi. A wannan batun, canje-canje a cikin aikin jiha na CNS tsokane dace reactivity tafiyar matakai. Wannan aka nuna a cikin mayar da martani ga daban-daban tasirin, da juriya ga m jamiái. Alal misali, saboda decortication waye, da juriya ga oxygen yunwa. Idan lalacewa na tuber cinereum rage juriya ga kamuwa da cuta.

endocrine tsarin

Shi ne na mai da muhimmanci a cikin samuwar juriya da kuma reactance. Musamman ayyuka aiki hormone a cikin agara pituitary, kwakwalwa, da kuma adrenal bawo. Saboda haka, adrenalectomy saboda cin zarafi ba rage jure inji rauni zuwa wani lantarki halin yanzu, kwayan gubobi. Lokacin gudanar a wani mafi kyau duka kashi glucocorticoids juriya ga matsananci samuwar kasashe ƙaruwa. A rigakafi da kuma tsarin connective nama sa nonspecific da kuma takamaiman halayen - da samar da antibodies da jini cell, da phagocytosis na macrophages.

nazarin halittu shingen

Su samar da ba-takamaiman juriya. Akwai wani shingen:

1. External. Wadannan sun hada da fata, mucous membranes, narkewa kamar tsarin, miciwa, da sauransu.
2. Ciki - gistogematicheskie (na jini, jini-kwakwalwa, gematolabirintny da sauransu).

Wadannan nazarin halittu shingen, da kuma aiki mahadi ne ba a jiki ruwaye, aiki kullum da m ayyuka. Su kula da mafi kyau duka matsakaici ga jiki taimako ga tabbatar da homeostasis.

phylogenesis

Reactivity da kuma juriya na jiki - sakamakon dogon juyin halitta. Unicellular nuna isasshe furta jure hyper- da hypothermia, hypoxia, ionizing radiation da sauran tsoma. A wannan yanayin, da reactivity na quite iyaka. A kwaro da protozoa wadannan iyawar bayyananna a salon salula matakin. Juriya da kuma reactance iyakance kan daban-daban na rayuwa tafiyar matakai. Saboda haka, su hanawa iya yi ƙaura zazzabi raguwa, bushewa, rage oxygen taro da sauransu. Animals da ciwon CNS m kar juriya da kuma reactivity da neutralizing da dauki poisons, janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da ƙarin makamashi kafofin. A lokacin da samuwar da juyayi tsarin a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta akwai mafi yiwuwa ga wani aiki martani ga samuwar kasashe saboda da m-Na'urar sunadaran. Saboda mayar da martani ga rauni dabam m aiki. Wannan tsiraru da tabbatar da wanzuwar sabon yanayi. Wannan shi ne rawar da reactivity.

yanayin halitta na juya

A farkon matakai na ci gaba da juriya da kuma reactivity faruwa a matakin kwayoyin. A na gaba mataki na yanayin halitta na juya martani auku a cikin sel. A musamman, mahaukaci cin fara, wadda take kaiwa zuwa deformities. A farkon matakai da kwayoyin ne kasa resistant zuwa ci korau tsoma. A daidai wannan lokaci shi farfado da wani babban jure short samuwar kasashe. Alal misali, dabbobi masu shayarwa a farkon yara ne sauki ga jure wa mugun bayyana anoxia. Wannan shi ne saboda a wannan mataki na yanayin halitta na juya tsanani da hadawan abu da iskar shaka ne quite low. Haka kuma, da bukatar da oxygen ba kamar yadda high. Bugu da kari, akwai juriya ga wani adadin da gubobi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jiki yana da wani amsawa abokai da alhakin ji na kara kuzari. Duk da haka, a farkon matakai na kariya shinge da kuma na'urori masu bambancin isa da kuma ci gaba. Rage ji na ƙwarai da jarirai zuwa hypoxia da gubobi ba zai iya magance rashin aiki sunadaran. A wannan batun, a lokacin da ciwon ya kama da isasshen nauyi. Wannan shi ne saboda yafi da cewa da wani yaro da aka haife tare da underdeveloped a morphological da kuma aikin al'amurran da juyayi tsarin. A cikin shakka daga ontogenesis ne hankali wahala reactivity. Yana ne mafi zama bambancin, godiya ga m samuwar juyayi tsarin, inganta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, da kafa correlative interactions tsakanin endocrine gland. A sakamakon haka, hoton da wahala da cutar. A daidai wannan lokaci na rayayye masu tasowa, sunadaran da kariya, shãmaki tsarin, da ikon samar da antibodies (misali, wani kumburi). Kuma da dauki da kwayoyin da juriya ga samuwar kasashe a cikin ci gaban 'yan matakai. A farko da dama a kan wani yaron. A wannan lokaci na reactivity da kuma juriya an saukar da. A} uruciyarsa, su zama karfi. A tsufa, suna rage sake.

hanyoyin da karfafa

Duk wani tasiri, da inganta wani canji a cikin aikin Jihar kullum ko zartarwa tsarin da shafi reactivity da kuma juriya. Yin mummunan tasiri rauni, korau motsin zuciyarmu, gajiya, tamowa, na kullum burin shan barasa, bitamin rashi, da sauransu. A sakamakon haka ne Pathology na reactivity. Ƙarfafa da ikon jure da tasiri na daban-daban na iya samuwa a cika ta rage na ayyuka na rayuwa. A musamman, shi ne game da maganin sa barci, hypothermia, rashin himma. A karshen harka, da kamuwa da dabbobi da tarin fuka, da annoba, cuta ba za ta ci gaba (da suka faru a tada). A cikin rashin himma jihar qara jure hypoxia, radiation daukan hotuna, da guba, kamuwa da cuta. Maganin sa barci samar da karin jure wutar lantarki. A irin wannan yanayin ba ya ci gaba streptococcal sepsis. Na biyu kungiyar na da hanyoyin hada da hanyoyin kara da kwanciyar hankali yayin da rike kunnawa ko aiki. Wadannan sun hada da:

1. Training of key aikin tsarin. Alal misali, ya iya hardening.
2. Canza dokokin tsarin. A musamman, ta amfani autogenous horo, fi'ili shawara, hypnosis, acupuncture da sauransu.
3. A ba-takamaiman far. Yana hada dima jiki far, da yin amfani da pharmacological jamiái.

adaptogens

Rukunan su an haɗa da sunan Lazarev. Shi ya aza harsashin ginin "kiwon lafiya Pharmacology". Adaptogens ne jamiái for expediting karbuwa ga ya fi karfinsu da tasirinsa. Suna bayar da daidaita cuta tsokane ta danniya. Adaptogens da m warkewa aiki, kara da juriya game da wani yawan jiki, sinadaran da nazarin halittu jamiái. Ginshikai na tasiri dogara ne a kan ruri na gina jiki kira da kuma nucleic acid karfafawa na nazarin halittu membranes. Amfani adaptogens, da kuma da dama wasu kwayoyi, adapting jiki don m waje dalilai, yana yiwuwa a samar da wata high juriya jihar nonspecific. Key al'amarinku, a lõkacin dosed halitta ayyukan kara mummunan tasiri tsanani. Management of juriya da kuma reactance ne mai alamar yanki na kiwon lafiya da kuma m magani.