Ina River Mezen: source, aikin gandu, Flora da fauna

Mezen River nasa ne da tasa na White Sea. tsawon kogin, wanda gudana a cikin Mezenskaya lebe, kai 966 kilomita. Wannan ya sa shi cikin mafi tsawo waterway cikin dukan magudanai sunã gudãna a cikin White Sea. A cikin Turai Arewa na Rasha ta da Pechora da Arewa Dvina nasa ne mafi girma kõguna. Its musamman da suka bambanta qarya a cikin gaskiyar cewa a cikin sama da kuma kusa da tsakiyar ɓangare na Mezen gudana kudu, da kuma kawai a cikin Arkhangelsk yankin jũya kuma rushes zuwa fadar White Sea.

A m wurare ne mai kyau koyaushe kama kifi da farauta

A kan m size of ce yankin na kwari, wanda shi ne daidai da 78.000 murabba'in kilomita. Mezen gudana ta ƙasar da Arkhangelsk yankin da kuma Komi Jamhuriyar, a wani sparsely populated yanki a kan gangara wadda Timan Ridge, a tsawon 370 mita saman teku matakin, daga cikin Marshes da cliffs Chetlassky dutse, shine tushen da kogin Mezen. Ganin overall tsawo na fall (370 m) da kuma tsawon za a iya bayyana cewa, da gangare daga cikin kogin ne 0,383%. Sunan wannan waterway ba mai yawa zažužžukan na asalin - a Finno-Ugric harshe shi ne ya fassara a matsayin wani wuri na nasara kama kifi da farauta.

wuya a kai wuraren

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da ƙasa, ta hanyar da kogin Mezen aka yashe a cikin tsohon sau. Ba kawai suna zaune har yau - ƙauyuka bayyana a nan kawai a cikin biyu da rabi na XIV karni. Na farko, a matsayin batu a kan harkokin ciniki "chrezkamennom" (daga Pechora tasa "ta hanyar dutse", wato, da Ural Mountains) hanyar zuwa Siberia, ƙauyen da aka ambata Lampozhnya. Kuma wannan shi ne saboda ba kawai ga matsananci arewacin sauyin yanayi, amma gaskiya cewa yankin na kogin kwari kamar yadda aka garu kashe daga cikin sauran duniya daga yamma iko Arewa Dvina, kuma daga kudu ta girma tributary - Vychegda. 8 dozin kananan ƙauyuka located daga tushen zuwa bakin wani fiye ko žasa da manyan biranen su ne Usogorsk da Mezen, kazalika da Leshukonskoe kauyen.

posts hanya

Hanyar sadarwa tare da wannan yankin, kazalika da tsakanin ta ƙauyuka, bar yawa da za a so. Don birnin daga babbar hanya Usogorsk Kotlas - Vorkuta Railway layi lullube. Mezen kogin kanta ne navigable kusan a ko'ina tafarkinsa, da kuma yankin daga kauye zuwa kauye Koslan White Hanci kunshe a cikin jerin navigable waterway kasar. A cikin kõgi, kuma ta aikin gandu akwai iko, amma ba shekara-zagaye Ferry crossings. Za su gushe for quite dogon kashe-kakar, kullum daga Oktoba har Janairu, da cewa shi ne, har sai lokacin da idan kankara a kogin crossings suna shigar.

Aviation, kuma auto sabis

A birnin Mezen, located a mahaɗar tsakãninsu guda kogin a Mezen Bay na White Sea, jirage tashi gida kamfanonin jiragen sama. Vaskovo filin jirgin sama inda jirage tashi zuwa Mezen, kusa Arkhangelsk. The kawai hanya jijiya haxe da sararin arewacin yankin tare da sauran duniya ne karauka Arkhangelsk - Mezen birni, wucewa ta cikin kauyuka na Belgorod, Pinega, Sovpole. Kwalta rufe akwai kawai kananan farko sashe na babbar hanyar mota Arkhangelsk - Belgorodsky. Ci gaba har sai da tashar karshe shi ne hanya unpaved, wani lokacin da mummunar quality.

Inflows

Yankin, inda Kogin Mezen, arziki a albarkatun ruwa - 15187 aikin gandu kumbura da waterway. Babban aikin gandu hada da kogin 103, 53 daga waɗanda aka bari da kuma, bi da bi, 50 - dama. Domin babbar damuwa Mezenskaya Tansy da Sula, Kyma River da kuma Poza, Vashka da Pyssa, Mu, Big Loptyuga da Irv. A mafi tsawo na su - Vashka, lullube for 605 km, guntu, Trô - at 102. Wadannan suna da babban aikin gandu na kogin Mezen. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne mai ban sha'awa domin ta bifurcation, ko tsaga tashar. Mezenskaya Tansy (236 km), saboda wannan sabon abu, da dama, a Pechora, da kuma Mezen, kuma a haɗa karshen da ruwa tasa na Pechora.

halitta watershed

Ƙasa Mezen tasa yafi podzolic da kuma fadama (waterlogging dukan ƙasar ne 17%). Sands samu a nan cewa mai m band mikewa daga gangara na watershed zuwa Timan Mezen kuma ta Vashka inflows. Amma a Timan hadu humus-carbonate kasa. A jan hankali na wannan yanki ne mai ban mamaki siffofin dutse outcrops. Timan Ridge, inda kogin Mezen fãra, abu ne na halitta halitta watershed kawai Dvina-Pechora Basin. Yana lullube for 900 kilomita, tsororuwar ne a 471 mita. Daya daga cikin kakar tubalan da hanyar Mezen a tsakiyar hanya, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa kogin da ke sa a 500-mil detour. An fara daga tushen abin da yake a kan tudu-kamar elevations Chetlassky Stone mai rufi fir da spruce da tashe saman teku matakin at 463 m, kogi ne mai azumi dutsen kogin sashen kogin da kuma fadace fadace. Kuma kamar yadda sa ran hankula dutsen koguna, rairayin bakin teku Mezen nan yana da high da kuma m, da kuma fadin dabam daga 8 zuwa 15 mita. Saboda da kakar na Timan Ridge kogin iskõki duk lokacin, shi ya canjãwa shugabanci.

East Bay

A cikin ƙananan kai na ta fadin wani lokacin kai 1 km, cikinsa da low gaci sau da yawa swamped. Na ambata a sama, wanda empties a cikin kõgi, Mezen - a Mezen Bay, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin hudu mafi girma a bays na White Sea, kamar Kandalaksha Bay, Dvina da Onega Bay. Mezen bay kwance zuwa kudu na da sashin canin, ta tsawon 105 m, nisa - 97, da zurfin jeri daga 5 zuwa 25 mita. Bayan ruwa jijiya, bayan da lebe ne mai suna, shi empties a cikin kogin Kula. Wannan ne gabashin na White Sea bay ruwa ne sosai opaque, tun da kogin Mezen kyawawan cike da laka, amma saboda kananan yawan da gaba da anthropogenic factor ne kusan wadanda ba babu, kuma Mezen gane a matsayin cleanest a Turai a tsakanin manyan ƙõramu sunã gudãna kai tsaye a cikin teku.

Saboda haka tsawo da haka daban-daban

Duk da yayin da madauki Mezen gudana ta hanyar uku halitta subzones - a kan dukan hanya m tsakiya taiga, gandun daji tundra da arewacin taiga. Wooded River tasa - 80% na da karkararta aka rufe da kore yankunan, a cikin mafi yawan coniferous gandun daji. A richness kuma iri-iri na Flora da fauna saboda da babban tsawon kogin - a kudu girma kwazazzabo boled coniferous gandun daji a cikin arewa - wanda bai isa al'ummomi na mosses da lichens, yayin da a Mezen tasa kwarin tsiro a total na 1300 jinsunan shuke-shuke (ba tare da lichens).

m namun daji,

Vertabrate a cikin wannan yankin jiha tare da fiye da 400 jinsunan halittu sun, akwai fi. The Red Littãfi ne aka jera subspecies na daji reindeer. Fox aka nuna a tsakiyar alama Mezensky yankin. Fox, wolverine, kerkẽci, zomo, muskrat, kurege - shi ne mafi yawa wakilan fauna Mezen tasa. A babbar yawan tsuntsayen wannan yankin damar farauta na baki takaddamarsu, capercaillie, takaddamarsu, ducks da geese. Karkashin kariya ne wadannan jinsunan tsuntsaye - eider da swan, Sokol (shaho da peregrine shaho), barnacle Goose da ungulu, da zinariya mikiya da fari-tailed mikiya.

Da yawa mazaunan Kogin

Na cikin ruwa dabbobi Mezen kogin gabatar da wata babbar iri-iri. A nan a manyan lambobin an samu kifi, kifi Atlantic ko whitefish da fari kifi. Babu shakka, duk da babbar gaban sauran jinsunan kifaye, daga uncontrolled doka garkuwa da wahala, yafi muhimmanci da jinsunan. Saboda haka, rage muhimmanci kifi hannun jari. Laifi ga wannan matsayin ya fi karfinsu zaman halin da ake ciki (rashin lafiya-biya aiki) a cikin kauyuka warwatse tare da bankunan na Mezen kuma m deforestation a cikin Municipality Udorsky. Wadannan sabon jagoranci wani canji a surface dake kwarara, wanda, bi da bi, ya jagoranci wani precoating yashi, kuma overgrown tare da ruwa da ciyayi gadaje. A sakamakon, bace wintering ramuka, a cikin abin da spawning Atlantic kifi. Duk na sama take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a cikin kogin da yara tawagar - Pike da perch, wanda kuma rage adadin kifi. Sauran iri kifi samu a cikin Mezen a isa yawa, suna Turai Grayling da roach. Mutane da yawa a nan IDE da bream, Dace kuma burbot, zurfin da lamprey. Duk wani nau'i na kifi, ciki har da yara Pike da perch, mãsu bauta ne ga duka shari'a da kuma doka yi garkuwa.

farfado haihuwa

A bakin Mezen akwai kuma yawon shakatawa cibiyoyin, kamar "Udorchanin" (kauyen Koslan). A wannan batu a cikin arewa maso yammacin Jamhuriyar Komi a kan kogin ne yiwu gami.

Dada kyau yanayi a wuraren da kogin Mezen gudana. Arkhangelsk yankin, da ƙasa da abin da, musamman a Mezen yankin, akwai musamman tarihi ƙauyuka, kamar Kimzha, wakiltar al'adun da Rasha ta Arewa da kuma tserar da tarihi layout na yarjejeniya da tsoho katako gine. A peculiarity wannan yankin sun da windmills, da northernmost a duniya. A cikin wadannan kauyuka kiyaye tarihi hanyar rayuwa, almara da kuma sanannun al'adu. Mezensky yankin - arewacin cikin Arkhangelsk yankin, da kuma wani ɓangare na shi ne kunshe a iyakar zone. Saboda haka, kawai don samun a nan ba zai yi aiki - shigarwa kawai tare da izinin. A Mezen gundumar ɓullo da craft. Musamman zanen a kan Birch haushi ado Mezen zanen - mafi kyau tsarabobi na yankin.