Iver ɗakin sujada a kan Red Square a Moscow. Moscow jan hankali

Red Square a Moscow - wani irin "sifili kilomita", wuri mai muhimmanci ga Russia. Don wuce shi, kana bukatar ka wuce a Tãshin ¡iyãma Gate, wanda ke sa kowace rana 'yan mutane miliyan. Amma ba dukan su san cewa kawai a waje daya ne daga cikin mafi girmama Orthodox wurare na Moscow. Yana - Iver ɗakin sujada a kan Red Square. Mutane da yawa Muscovites la'akari da shi a kananan gini, an perched a ¡iyãma Gate, remakes. Amma wannan ba shine al'amarin ba. Yana sani kawai, an mayar da asali wuri don maye gurbin tsohon, halakãsu da Bolsheviks. Iver icon na Uwar Allah aka dauke banmamaki a Rasha. "Frame" da aka bukata da kuma dace da irin wannan dakin ibada. Kuma shi ya zama mai ɗakin sujada. Me ta ba a ciki da babban coci ko coci? Wannan zai gaya mana labarin. Its tarihi a matsayin Uwar Allah, shi ma za a bayyana. Za mu ba da ainihin adireshin da ginin, da kananan sa'o'i da haikalin da kuma bauta gudanar a can.

Iver ɗakin sujada a kan Red Square: yadda za a samu

Nemo wannan janye Moscow da kuma musamman sauki shrine na Orthodox mutane. Bayan duk, shi ne dake a cikin "yawon shakatawa sifili kilomita". Next - Red Square da Kremlin da kabarin. Don isa nan daga kusan duk wani batu na Moscow na iya zama a kan jirgin karkashin kasa. Akwai da yawa rassan Moscow jirgin karkashin kasa. Ya kamata ka je "Okhotniy yawan" tashoshin "Wasan Kwaikwayo" ko "juyin juya halin Square." A mafi wani zaɓi - a farko. Daga "Okhotny Ryad" tashar sanya hanya ãyõyi ga Tafiya da Kafa - "Daga cikin Red Square." By wadannan su, ka zo da wani biyu-mataki manufa. Suna shugaba ta biyu hasumiyarki. Kasa su tsaye a kananan ginin karkashin al'arshin. Wannan ne Iver Chapel a kan Red Square. Address a tsarin ne kamar haka: tafiya iyãma Gate, Gina 1A.

Icon na Uwar Allah na Yaren Kasar

Marina Tsvetaeva kira wannan banmamaki image na "Red zuciya na Moscow." Kuma ya bayyana a cikin babban birnin kasar, tun kafin fara ɗakin sujada da aka gina. Iver icon na Uwar Allah a Moscow ya ba duk lokaci, ta kawo daga Girka, daga Dutsen Athos. Wannan shi ne ba na asali. Wannan icon na Virgin zauna a cikin gidan ibada a kan Dutsen Athos. Amma ainihin replica aka sanya wa Rasha - "lissafin." Ya aka dauka zuwa fari-dutse a watan Oktoba 1648. Da farko icon sami a St. Nicholas sufi, amma a 'yan shekarun baya shi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Iversky sufi. Ta ba da sunan hoton. By domin na Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich icon painters aka umurci yin wani daidai kwafin na "list". Ta aka sanya shi a cikin da nasara baka Neglinenskih ƙofar. Ta hanyar su, da Rasha tsars koro zuwa Red Square. Daga baya, a 1669, da Ƙofar aka sake masa suna cikin iyãma.

A tarihin na farko ɗakin sujada

Wasu lokaci daga ruwan sama da kuma dusar ƙanƙara, iska da hasken rana, "a jerin" kare kawai karamin alfarwa. A goma sha shida da ɗari da eightieth shekara aka yanke shawarar gina wani karamin ɗakin sujada ga image. Wadanda su ne kwana a lõkacin da icon dadin daraja taimaka tare da cututtuka. Saboda haka, fuska ne sau da yawa tsĩrar da gidan ko tsanani majinyata mata haihuwa. Yana tsĩrar da wani rakiya na firistoci da masu gadi, da kuma a cikin rashi na icons maye gurbin ta a cikin ɗakin sujada na sabon "list". A tsawon lokaci, da kuma gine-ginen da banmamaki fuska, ya zama wani abin bautãwa na daga cikin masu tsoron Allah. Kasuwanci kafin cikar ma'amala, schoolboys kafin jarrabawa, da matafiya suka zo gare shi to "ta yi albarka". Amma wannan tsarin to wannan rana taba zo. A cikin karni na sha takwas da Yaren Kasar Chapel a kan Red Square a kalla sau biyu sāke gina. A tsakiyar karni, ta sake zama wani itace da kawai a 1791 - dutse.

A zamani irin na Yaren Kasar ɗakin sujada

Saboda haka, a karshen karni na sha takwas alama wani sabon zamanin. A icon na Yaren Kasar Uwar Allah hadu duk wucewa ta cikin iyãma Gate. Maza ya kamata cire su huluna aka Kiristoci - a iya amfani da hoton. Iver ɗakin sujada a kan Red Square ba ta kasance hananna zuwa dare. A kowane lokaci akwai wani taron mutane. Amma Rasha m Matiyu Kazakov yanke shawarar ba sa ɗakin sujada ne ma manyan. Ta yanzu riqe a mafi hamsin. The m shirya wani sauki square Single bene gini, lashe tare da wani Dome. A lokacin Napoleon ta mamayewa ɗakin sujada pillaged. A domin dawo da Prince Nikolai Yusupov gayyace Italian artist Pietro Gonzaga. Ya yi wa ado da gininsu daga waje, cike da gidajen gona da Dome karfe taurari, sanya a sosai saman wani gilded sassaka na wani mala'ika da gicciye, tsara ciki. Kuma ko ta yaya by kanta ya juya daga cewa ɗakin sujada zama wata alama ce da rabo daga Rasha mutane a yaki da Napoleon.

Halaka da kuma tashin matattu

Nan da nan bayan nasarar da juyin juya halin Oktoba Iver ɗakin sujada samu rashin jituwa da sabon gwamnatin zuwa addini. A cikin bazara da ginin da aka sace shekara goma sha takwas. Sa'an nan Nicholas Perervinsky mazaunarku, wanda aka sanya wa ɗakin sujada aka rufe. A shekara ta ashirin da biyu ta sarautar sauran dabi'u da aka "expropriated domin amfanin da yunwa." Kuma a cikin shekaru bakwai zo ga ƙarshe da ɗakin sujada. A kwanaki na ƙarshe na Yuli ashirin da tara shekara, a karkashin Cover of dare, a kananan gini da aka rushe. Shin a cikin "lists" Ta haka ne aka rasa har abada. Bayan shekaru biyu ya bace da kuma iyãma Gate. Sun yi zargin ya hana nassi na soja da kayan aiki ga farati a kan Red Square. A dukan gine-gine (ƙofar da ɗakin sujada) aka mayar da casa'in da biyar a shekara. Wani sabon jerin aka sanya don Orthodox aminci painters Dutsen Athos. Yanzu tare da "sifili kilomita" daga Yaren Kasar Chapel, fara yawa balaguro din zuwa Moscow da bas. Kuma a kananan gini a ¡iyãma Gate - na farko nuna a cikin jerin.

Wuraren bauta da kuma haikalin

Mayar a 1994-1995. Chapel aka tsarkake ta sarki Alexy II. Yanzu wannan - Haikali, ko suna fadin size. Rasha mutane ta shrine shi ya sa wani sabon kwafin na icon na Our Lady of Vratarnitsy kashe sufaye painters daga Dutsen Athos a Girka. Don venerate image, kuma a lokaci guda kuma a ji dadin marmari ciki da haikalin iya zama kowace rana. Hours Yaren Kasar Chapel a kan Red Square daga takwas na safe da kuma har zuwa ashirin da ɗari hours, kwana bakwai a mako. All Moscow limaman hidima salla a can. Kamar wancan akwai wani karatu na Akathist ga Virgin Mary a cikin girmamawa ta icons "na Yaren Kasar Uwar Allah." Akwai wannan kananan haikalin da kuma majiɓinci, saint ta kwana. Suna alama tare da babban solemnity ashirin da biyar na Fabrairu, Talata da Bright Week da kuma 26 ga watan Oktoba. A haikali yanzu sanya wa patriarchal misali, cewa kawai kara habaka ta status. A cikin ɗakin sujada yana da mazaunin. Yanzu, da aikinsu za Archpriest Gennady Nefedov.

Iver ɗakin sujada a kan Red Square a adabi da kuma zanen

Wannan kananan haikali ya zama wata alama ce da wasu Rasha Orthodox. Lokacin da Bitrus da Great, bayan ya dawo daga wani soja yaƙin neman zaɓe, bai je venerate icon na Yaren Kasar Uwar Allah, Muscovites kusan rioted. An sani cewa akwai addu'a kafin a zartadda Emelyan Pugachev. Iver Chapel a Moscow ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a cikin adabi kamar yadda a cikin shayari kuma a litattafan. A Bunin labarai ne "Clean Litinin" da "Memories" a Shmelev - "Pilgrimage" a B.Zaytseva - "Blue Star". Anton Chekhov a Moscow sun yaushe zauna a hotel "Big Moscow", kuma ya nemi wani dakin kauda kai da Yaren Kasar ɗakin sujada to watch da sallar dare sabis. Dunkule, amma a lokaci guda kwatanta da haikalin da ƙofar da take tsakanin Red da kuma Manezhnaya Square Leo Tolstoy a "yaki da zaman lafiya". Per Bezuhov, haƙĩƙa, sun shige cikin Yaren Kasar Chapel, tare da m kyandirori karkashin Gold na vestry, ji, a karshe, gida. Haikali da aka ambata da Solzhenitsyn, Mandelstam, Tsvetaeva, Khodasevich. A zanen ya sadaukar da zanen A. Lentulova "A Yaren Kasar".

kwafin

Chapel, zama wata alama ce da Rasha kishin kasa (misali, a yaki da Napoleon Bonaparte) da kuma Orthodox taƙawa, ya Popular a faɗuwar rana Empire. Mutane da yawa birane fara gina irin wannan gine-gine. Iver ɗakin sujada a ¡iyãma Gate a birnin Moscow aiki a matsayin wani abin koyi ga wani kananan haikali a Tomsk. Akwai ke a kwafin da aka gina a cikin dubu ɗari takwas da hamsin da takwas shekara. A lokacin Soviet da gwamnatin lardin haikalin da aka rushe, kuma a wuri mai kafa Square. Amma mazauna Tomsk mayar ɗakin sujada a cikin shekara ta biyu na dubu biyu. Its kamar asali babban birnin kasar, ya keɓe sarki Alexy II. Akwai a kalla daya more kwafin na Yaren Kasar ɗakin sujada a Moscow. Duk da haka, shi ne ba a Rasha da kuma a Belgrade. Yana da aka gina a cikin New hurumi a kan kudi na, sunã mãsu hijira daga Tarayyar Soviet a shekara ta talatin da farko shekara. Domin shekaru masu yawa, wannan ɗakin sujada An yi watsi da, amma a lokacin rani na 2014 da aka cikakken mayar da gyara. Akwai kuma ɗakin sujada na Our Lady of Iver, wanda gidaje daya daga cikin "list", amma ba su da kofe na Moscow coci.

janye daga cikin babban birnin kasar

Ko da ka - wani ikon fassara Mafarki ko nasa ne da wani addini, idan ka san cewa sabon kwafin da haihuwa icon - shi ne ba iri daya ba, kana har yanzu kada ka wuce wannan kadan Haikali. Duba shi ciki da waje - shi ne rabin awa. A yawon shakatawa na Moscow da bas sanya ɗakin sujada, kuma ko da kasa lokaci. Amma wajibi ne a kalli zane-zane da kuma stucco, sha'awan mala'ikan a kan rufin kuma tafi ciki. Bugu da kari ga babban icon na Yaren Kasar Uwar Allah, shi janyo hankalin hankalin biyu lectern, duk an rufe tare da sassaka.