Janairu 9, 1905 - Kazamin Lahadi (takaice). labarin

Daya daga cikin mafi masifu da suka faru a cikin tarihi na Rasha - Kazamin Lahadi. A takaice, Janairu 9, 1905 da aka za'ayi da kisan da zanga-zanga, halartar game da dubu 140, wakilan da aiki aji. Haka ya faru a St. Petersburg a lokacin zamanin mulkin Nicholas II, wanda sai da mutane suka fara kira da jini. Wasu masu tarihi sun yi imani da cewa wannan ya faru ne da hukunci impetus zuwa farkon 1905 juyin juya halin.

Kazamin Lahadi: taƙaitaccen tarihin

A karshen shekara ta 1904 rikicin siyasa ya fara a kasar, shi ya faru bayan da shan kashi, wanda jihar sha wahala a cikin m Rasha-Japanese yaki. Abin da events kai ga taro harbi ma'aikata - da bala'i, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin Kazamin Lahadi? A takaice, shi duka fara tare da kungiyar "Majalisar na Rasha factory ma'aikata."

Sha'awa, da halittar wannan shiri na rayayye da gudummawar da 'yan sanda dake. Wannan shi ne saboda ya nuna gaskiyar cewa, hukumomin da suka damu da girma yawan m cikin aikin yanayi. Babban manufar "Majalisar" ya asali matsara na aiki aji daga rinjayar neman sauyi farfaganda, kungiyar juna ilimi. Duk da haka, da "Taron" ba a yadda ya kamata a kula da hukumomi, sakamakon shi a kaifi canji mana kungiyar. Wannan ya fi mayar saboda da mutum mutum, aka gangarawa.

Georgi Gapon

Menene George Gapon da ban tausayi rana cewa za a tuna a matsayin Kazamin Lahadi? A takaice, shi ne wannan firist ya inspirer da Oganeza na zanga-zanga, sakamakon wanda ya haka da bakin ciki. Gapon ya hau kan shugaban na "Majalisar" a karshen 1903, shi nan da nan ya juya ga zama cikakken iko. An m firist mafarkin cewa sunansa gangara a tarihi, ya yi kira a kansa gaskiya ne shugaban na aiki aji.

The shugaban na "Majalisar" kafa m kwamitin, wanda mambobin karanta haramta adabi, ya yi karatu cikin tarihin juyin juya halin Musulunci motsi, wajen samar da tsare-tsaren na gwagwarmayar da aiki aji. Sahabbai Gapon zama matarsa Karelin, dadin mai girma daga cikin ma'aikata.

"The shirin na biyar", wanda ya hada da takamaiman siyasa da tattalin arziki bukatar 'yan Asirin kwamitin, da aka ɓullo da a Maris 1904. Shi ne ta ke aiki a matsayin wani tushe daga abin da aka dauka da ake bukata da cewa masu zanga-zanga suka shirya su gabatar da wa sarki a cikin Kazamin Lahadi a 1905. A takaice, da suka kasa cimma burin su. A wannan rana, da wannan takarda bai fada a hannun Nicholas II.

Lamarin a Putilov Shuka

Abin da taron ya sa ma'aikata su yanke shawara a kan wani taro zanga-zanga a kan rana, wanda aka sani da Kazamin Lahadi? A takaice gaya game da shi zai iya zama haka:} ashin ya da sallama daga mutane da dama da suka yi aiki a Putilov factory. Dukansu sun kasance mambobi na "Majalisar." Jita-jita, yada cewa mutane da aka sallame saboda su zama membobinsu na kungiyar.

Tarzoma a Putilov yada zuwa wasu harkokin kasuwanci da suka yi aiki a lokacin, a St. Petersburg. Fara taro yajin fara yada leaflets tare da tattalin arziki da siyasa bukatunsu da gwamnati. Karfafawa bisa Gapon yanke shawarar raunana da monarch da kaina Nicholas II. Lokacin da yake magana da sarki, da rubutu da aka karanta wa mahalarta "Majalisar", da yawan wanda ya wuce dubu 20 mutane sun bayyana su so su shiga a cikin haduwa.

An gano da kuma kwanan wata na Maris, wanda ya tafi a tarihi kamar yadda Kazamin Lahadi - Janairu 9, 1905. A takaice game da babban events aka bayyana a kasa.

Zubar da jini da aka ba su shirya

Hukumomi zama sane da yadawa gaba da zanga-zanga, wanda aka samu halartar game da dubu 140, mutane. Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas mafi Janairu 6, bar tare da iyalinsa a Tsarskoye Selo. Ministan cikin gidan kasar ya kira wani taron gaggawa da rana kafin taron, wanda aka tuna da matsayin Kazamin Lahadi 1905. A takaice, kada ku bari mahalarta taron da aka yanke shawarar a lokacin taron je ba kawai ga Palace Square, amma kuma a tsakiyar birnin.

Yana da daraja ambata cewa zubar da jini da aka ba asali shirya. Hukumomi da wani shakka cewa taron watsa karfi na dauke da makamai da sojoji, amma wadannan tsammanin da aka ba su cika.

kisan kiyashi

A gawa, wanda ya koma zuwa ga Winter Palace, kunshi maza, mata da yara, wanda ba shi da makaman da shi. Mutane da yawa daga cikin marchers dauki hotuna na Nicholas II, Banners. Nevsky ƙofar zanga-zanga da aka kai hari da sojojin doki, sa'an nan harbi fara, ƙaho biyar Shots.

Wadannan Shots aka ji a cikin Triniti Bridge St. Petersburg da kuma Vyborg gefe. Da dama volleys aka samar da Winter Palace inda masu zanga-zangar kai Alexander Aljanna. da scene barjat jikinsu sun zarar ji rauni da kuma matattu. Local rikicin ci gaba har sai da marigayi da yamma, kawai 23 hours da hukumomin gudanar da tarwatsa masu zanga-zanga.

effects

A rahoton, wanda aka gabatar a Nicholas II, muhimmanci understates yawan mutanen da suka ji rauni a ranar 9 ga watan Janairu. Kazamin Lahadi, a takaice abin da aka retold a cikin wannan labarin, ya yi sanadiyar rayukan 130 mutane, wani 299 suka ji rauni, idan ka dõgara a kan wannan rahoton. A gaskiya, da yawan matattu da kuma rauni ya wuce dubu huɗu mutane, da ainihin adadi ya rage wani asiri.

Georgy Gapon gudanar ya tsere zuwa kasashen waje, amma a watan Maris 1906 firist da aka kashe da Socialist-yunkuri. Magajin garin Foulon, wanda ya alakarsu da events na Kazamin Lahadi, aka sallami riga Janairu 10, 1905. Ya rasa aikinsa, kuma ministan cikin gida Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Ganawa da Sarkin sarakuna aiki tawagar da aka gudanar a ranar 20 Janairu a cikin shakka daga gare ta, Nicholas II ya nuna takaici da ya kashe mutane da yawa. Duk da haka, ya kuma ce da masu zanga-zanga sun aikata wani laifi, tir da gangamin.

ƙarshe

Bayan bacewar Gapon taro yajin ƙare, da tashin hankali kwanta. Duk da haka, shi ne kawai da a kwantar da hankula kafin hadari, nan da nan gwamnatin sa ran sabon rudanin siyasa da kuma hadayar.