Distemper a Rasha

Distemper a Rasha - na tsawon 1598-1613 shekaru, a lokacin da jihar da aka fuskantar da siyasa da zamantakewa da tattalin arziki crises. Tatar mamayewa, da Livonian War oprichnina Ivan da Munin kai ga rashin jituwa da kuma gudummawar da ci gaban da ke damunsu iko.

Soloviev yi imani da cewa babban dalilin da matsaloli wani karo na tsohon druzhina fara tare da sabuwar gwamnatin, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin wannan gwagwarmaya da sarakuna da nobility. N. Kostomarov dauke da dalili na Lokaci na matsaloli da dabarunsa na Yaren mutanen Poland sarki da papal dalĩli. B. Klyuchevskii gan tushen matsalar a cikin peculiarities na ci gaba da Rasha jihar: cewa m ikon da aka peculiar anomaly - Sarkin riba ba kawai wani m, amma kuma da mai a Rasha ƙasar. Wasu masana tarihi sun gani cikin hanyar da matsaloli da kanta ta sarautar Ivan da Munin, ya m ciki siyasa, wanda ya jagoranci zuwa da rabo daga al'umma a cikin kungiyoyin a gwagwarmayar ƙasar.

manzilõli matsaloli

A mataki na farko da aka halin da gwagwarmayar da kursiyin daban-daban da 'yan takara. A farko bayan mutuwar Ivana Groznogo hau gadon dan Theodore, wanda ya m na hukumar kasar, da kuma shi ne a zahiri canjawa wuri zuwa matar ɗan'uwansa - Boris Godunov. Ya tsartsvovanie tare da m tunkaro a kasar. Board "mayaudarin" dalilin tashin hankali damunsu da mutane.

Distemper a Rasha zahiri fara da bayyanar a Poland Falsdmitry (Grigoriy Otrepev), wanda ya yi kira a kansa tsira dan Ivana Groznogo. Sashe na daga cikin Rasha yawan nan da nan goyan bayan shi, to, lalle ya samu goyon bayan da gwamnan da kuma dukan na Moscow. A 1605, ya zama da rightful sarki, amma ya wuce kima yancin kai husãtar da boyars, da kuma bude goyon bayan serfdom da shi da kuma peasantry. May 17, 1606 arya Dmitry I da aka kashe da kuma nasara ta Vasiliy Shuysky, batun da ya rage mata da ikonsa.

Na biyu lokacin da matsaloli fara tare da m tawaye Ivan Bolotnikov, wanda aka directed a kan hukumomi. The Battle of Moscow, Bolotnikov aka ci. Amma m damunsu bai tsaya. Da wannan bango, akwai ne ƙaryã Dmitry II. A farkon 1608 sojojinsa haura zuwa Moscow. A watan Yuli, ya zaunar da su a kewayen birni Tushino, furta gaskiya babban birnin kasar Rasha.

Shuya a mayar da martani ga shi ya kammala wata yarjejeniya tare da Sweden da kuma Commonwealth, wanda ya fara m ayyuka da kuma tilasta musu gudu zuwa arya Dmitry II Kaluga. Shuya aka hambarar daga kursiyin kuma tonsured matsayin m.

A Rasha, a lokacin Semiboyarshina - interregnum, a lokacin da hukumomin suka jũya a majalisa na bakwai boyars. Sun kafa wani ƙawance da Polish invaders, da kuma a 1610 Moscow yi rantsuwa amincewa da Polish sarki. A ƙarshen shekara ya aka kashe arya Dmitry II, amma yaki ta sarauta ba su daina.

Matsaloli a Rasha shiga a cikin uku lokaci, wanda aka halin da magance waje invaders. Rasha ƙasar suka tattaru don su yaƙi da Dogayen sanda, wanda sam wata kasa hali. Mayakan Kuzma Minin da Dmitry Pozharsky zo zuwa Moscow a watan Agusta 1612 kuma saki ita. Wannan na nufi cewa rikice a Rasha na 17th karni ƙare.

Zemsky Sobor Fabrairu 21, 1613 rightful sarki ya nada matasa Mikhail Romanov. Wannan aka riga da jerin manyan abubuwan da suka faru, kamar da yaƙi gāba da Moscow jama'ar kasar mayakan, babban taron duniya na wani Zemsky Sobor da Pozharsky aiki a kan zaben dokar sarki.

Lokaci na matsaloli da kuma nasa sakamakon

Kasar matsaloli bar tare da hasãra taskar, wadda ta zo a cikin dakushe harkokin ciniki da sana'o'i. Results da matsaloli ƙaryata Rasha a ci gaba da baya da baya idan aka kwatanta da kasashen Turai. Domin mayar da tattalin arziki, shi ya ɗauki dama da suka gabata.

Distemper a Rasha ya zama wani sauyi ga kasar lokacin. Yana gano biyu shortcomings cewa sun peculiar ga gwamnatin Rasha. Mismatch pretensions na nobility (wanda ya so ya rage karfin ikon da sarki) da yanayin da m ikon, da kuma mutane kalle ta (wanda ya so ya gani da ikon cikakkar). Kuma saukar da wani m rarraba nauyi tsakanin azuzuwan, wanda ya kawo duk zaman kansa bukatun a jihar azabtar.

All shi ba su yi shakka fitowa a shawarar da dynastic da ba socio-gwagwarmayar siyasa da na ƙananan azuzuwan a kan hakan. Amma wannan bai kai ga Lalacewar jama'a, da kuma kasashen waje mamayewa taso a duk matakan nufi da hadin kan kasa.