Zemsky Sobor. Tarihi na ci gaba

Zemsky Sobor - wannan shi ne wani muhimmin mataki a cikin ci gaban Rasha. Veche umarni wanzu a kasar mu har abada, amma akwai lokatan lokaci a lokacin duk da 'yancin kai na Kur'ani. Kuma farfado da yiwuwar tattara yawancin kadarori Ivan Grozny.

Zemsky Sobor hada da wakilan wadannan azuzuwan: Boyar Duma, wanda mambobin dauki bangare a cikin Zemsky Sobor a cika; Tsarki taron majalisar Krista, daga cikinsu sun kasance ne kawai mafi girma coci matsayi. zabe mutane daga servicemen, Moscow da kuma birane nobility, maharba, Gunners kuma Cossacks. zabe wakilan na birane yawan (chernososhnye da kuma kewayen birni) da kuma daruruwan zane da kuma a falo. Cathedral na farko taro da aka kira "babban coci na sulhu."

A farko Zemsky Sobor aka gudanar domin sanar da mahalarta taron tare da sabon jiki da sake fasalin Ivana Groznogo - da zabe majalisar. Kamar yadda aka sani, da sake fasalin hada da kafa majalisar Strelets sojojin, wajen gabatar da sabon Sudebnik da kuma ci gaban mandative tsarin da kuma da tabbatarwa daga gwamnatin tsakiya.

A tsawon lokaci, da ayyuka na caste wakilin jiki kuma samo asali. Saboda haka, nan da karshen na 16th karni, membobin taron da aka ba dama zuwa amince Accession zuwa kursiyin wani sabon monarch. A waɗannan shekaru, an yanke shawarar da sababbin shugabannin su samu amincewa daga cikin mutane, da kuma wanda aka bayyana Zemsky Sobor.

A tarihin wannan sashin jiki ci gaba ne multifaceted: akwai sau lokacin da rawar da ya taka da aka gaba daya rasa, kuma akwai wasu lokacin da labulen a kan ya yanke shawara da rabo daga jihar. Matsaloli lokaci ne Firayim misali na karshe zamani.

Major Zemsky Sobor

A farko majalisa da aka gudanar a Red Square, bayan da taron mayar da su cikin Kremlin majalisar. Tun tsakiyar 16th ga marigayi 17th karni akwai game da 50 tarurruka, wanda akwai waɗanda suka musanya cikin shakka daga kasar mu da tarihi.

Cathedral 1589 amince da wani rigima Democrat a kan karaga Borisa Godunova. Jita-jita game da hannu a cikin Uglich wasan kwaikwayo, akwai mutane da yawa, amma, Oddly isa, aka amince da zabe jami'ai. A mafi shahara da tartsatsi ne Zemsky Sobor 1613 shekara, wadda aka gudanar a ɗauka cewa Cathedral.

Kamar yadda aka sani, babban coci ya amince da wani sabon daular a kan Rasha kursiyin kuma kawo iko da wani matashi Mikhail Romanov. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a zamanin mulkinsa matasa sarki kullum gudanar da wadannan tarurruka don warware matsaloli daban-daban. Zaune a cikin shekaru 1632/1634 aka gudanar a magance matsalar da yaki tare da Poland. A wannan lokaci, ya kafa sabon "yakin" haraji - fifths kudi. Tarin 1648/1649 ta da aka gudanar bayan kwatsam barkewar Salt Riot a Moscow. Yana tattauna matsalar da m dokokin.

A sa'an nan da shawarar da aka sanya a kan sa a cikin aiki Majalisar Code - wani sabon sa na Rasha dokokin. Last Zemsky Sobor aka gudanar a 1653. A wannan taron an yanke shawarar shiga cikin Cossack sojojin da Ukraine a cikin Rasha.

The darajar a tarihi

Zemsky Sobor qaddamar da samuwar caste-wakilin daular mulkinsu a Rasha. Amma ci gaban da absolutist nufi a cikin m wadanada da yawa ya raunana rawar jiki.