Jirgin saman fasinja Let L-410: Bayani dalla-dalla, photos da kuma sake dubawa

L-410 (located kasa da photo) - shi ne daya daga cikin model na fasinja a jirgin sama ci gaba da Czechoslovak Let. Jiragen tsara don sufuri na mutane, kaya da kuma mail a takaice nisa. A ta category , wannan model ne m, a wani yawan Manuniya na da yawa analogues kuma an dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau.

A takaice dai tarihi

Aiki a kan zane na jirgin sama a karkashin sunan L-410 da aka qaddamar a shekarar 1966 a cikin Czechoslovak garin Kunovice. A cikin shekaru uku bayan da ya tashi zuwa sararin sama gwaji model model. Sai aka kammala tare da injuna Pratt & Whitney PT6A-27. A kan m 'yan shekaru, designers da yawa mai ladabi da kuma inganta jiragen sama. A key bidi'a ne sabon Motors Czech Walter M601, wanda aka ɓullo da musamman domin shi a cikin ma'aikata da kamfanin jirgin sama a shekarar 1973. Daga baya, kamfanin ta injiniyoyi, Mun halitta jerin L-410 da jirgin sama gyare-gyare. Model da sauri ya zama mashahuri, kuma ta raba kofe povilis a kan dukkan nahiyoyi.

A farkon nineties karni na karshe ga sha'anin fara halin yanzu rikicin: umarni ga sabon jirgin ruwa kusan ba. A halin da ake ciki, sun canja matu kawai a shekarar 2008, a lokacin da 51% na ta hannun jari da aka samu da Rasha kamfanin "UMMC" (Bayan shekaru biyar, ta sayi sauran part). A sabon masu da shuka ya iya muhimmanci fadada fayil na umarni da kuma yin koyi da gaske a bukatar a kasuwa. A sakamakon haka, a wannan lokacin an gina 'yan dozin kofe na jirgin sama iyaka da kuma sayar da dama abokan ciniki daga Ukraine, Brazil, Bulgaria da kuma Slovakia. Muhimmanci rabo ya tafi da m masu amfani.

Yanzu akwai kawai a kan 400 da jirgin sama na daban-daban gyare-gyare na wannan layi. Kamar yadda aka kiyasta na masana, kawai ga Rasha kasuwar bukatar wadannan jiragen sama na zamani ne game da ɗaya da ɗari kofe. a kan model na zamani aikin ba ya kawo karshen akwai kuma yanzu. Amma ga kudin na L-410, da farashin da jirgin sama zai fara tare da wani alama na da miliyan 2.4 kudin Tarayyar Turai.

Janar Description da halaye

Dalili na jirgin sama sa da nata irin sanyi cantilever vysokoplana. A tsarin yana da wani zagaye giciye-sashe fuselage type "monocoque" kuma duk-karfe yi. A jirgin sama sanye take da wani retractable tricycle saukowa kaya tare da hanci strut. Amma ga fuka-fuki, su ne a mike kuma trapezoid a shirin. Czech model ke faruwa yanzu a kan wani cikakken sake zagayowar. A wasu kalmomin, a nan shi ne sanye take da Lines domin samar da taro na duk kayan da majalisai, jere daga surface jiyya na kayan da kuma kammala gwaje-gwaje a kansa filin jirgin sama.

A serial version na jirgin sama, wanda shi ne Popular a zamaninmu, sanye take da biyu turboprop powerplants GE H80-200. Matsakaicin jirgin kewayon da model ne kadan fiye da 1.5 kilomita dubu, yayin da matsakaicin jirgin lokaci - sa'o'i biyar. A jirgin sama ne iya lokaci guda kawo a kan jirgin 19 fasinjoji, ban da ma'aikatan jirgin.

key amfanin

Yanzu 'yan kalmomi game da babban amfanin, wanda zai iya gadara da wani jirgin sama Bari L-410. Sharhi kan kwararru a wannan filin nuna cewa mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu ne mafi ƙasƙanci aiki halin kaka a duk Categories. Bugu da kari, da jirgin sama ne abin dogara da kuma wanzuwa har in matsananci yanayi. model injuna da musamman gogayya halaye da cewa an kiyaye a wani gwada da low matsa lamba da kuma high zazzabi. Daga cikin abubuwan, wannan jirgin sama yana da mafi fili gida a cikin category, a fili kaya daki da kyau kwarai zabin cikin sharuddan aminci da damar da fasinjoji wani babban matakin ta'aziyya. Ba shi yiwuwa ba a lura da cewa da kayan aiki amfani a nan shi ne sosai m for ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka. Saboda ta musamman shasi da jirgin ne iya shan kashe da kuma saukowa, har ma a takaice da ciyawa da kuma soggy makada.

amfani

A halin yanzu, tsarin L-410 da aka samu nasarar yi amfani da fiye da hamsin kasashe biyar nahiyoyi. Domin duk lokacin da samar da jirgin sama a total an tattara game da 1,100 na ta kofe. A mafi girma shahararsa shi ne a kai a cikin ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. Kamar yadda na yau, wani jirgin sama Czech factory samar gyara UVP E20, wanda aka dauke mafi zamani da kuma ci gaba a cikin jeri.

Sau da yawa jirage Bari L-410 sarrafa ta kamfanonin jiragen sama cewa, samar da iska taxi sabis. Bugu da kari, da model ne Popular a da yawa daga cikin duniya hukumomin gwamnati. Ba shi yiwuwa ba a lura da cewa samar da shuka ne ko da yaushe dace samar da abokan ciniki tare da dukan zama dole goyon bayan sabis. A jirgin sama ne kuma samuwa a cikin saukowa, outpatient, likita, kasuwanci da kuma wakilin versions.

Ciki Volume L-410 ne 632 cubic feet. Saboda wannan, ko a da misali version aka bayar ga fasinjoji wajen babban matakin ta'aziyya. A lokaci guda ya kamata a lura da cewa ta ciki ne sau da yawa ƙãre, kuma aka outfitted da nufin kara amfani a cikin nau'i na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ko kuma jet, wanda yana da duk abin da kuke bukata domin aikin da dama.

Tashi a cikin matsananci yanayi

Kamar yadda riga aka ambata a sama, L-410 da jirgin sama quite da kyau da kuma za a iya sarrafa amince, ko a wuya yanayin yanayi. Bisa ga bayanan takardar, da jirgin sama da aka tsara aiki a yanayin zafi daga -50 zuwa +50 digiri. Saboda haka, saboda da musamman zane na fuselage da kuma nauyi-taƙawa model ne yadu amfani a cikin rashin tsoro zafi na Afirka da Latin American Hamada, da kuma a cikin coldest sassa na duniya.

takardar shaida

Jirgin Saman L-410 da aka bokan da ya samu da ya dace model takardun shaida a kasashe da dama, ciki har da Jamhuriyar Czech, Rasha, Jamus, Argentina, da Philippines, Australia, Brazil da sauransu. Bayan shi, an kafa ta Turai sifirin jiragen sama Agency, da samfurin da aka bokan a matsayin EASA, wanda ya shafi dukan ƙasashen EU. Bugu da kari, da aiki jirgin yake halatta a sauran kasashe na duniya.