Kalamai da karin maganar a kan jigo "Human ainihi"

Tun da al'adu gina up cikin mutane, sai mutumin da aka ce da yawa, ko da yawa. Mun unconventionally kusanci maganin matsalar "Misalai a kan" Mutum-mutumin "." Asali ya ta'allaka ne da cewa mu ba da karatu wani shugabanci na m search. Wannan yana nufin cewa za ka koyi game da mawallafa na wa littattafai da cikakken ko jera kishin matsalar mutum.

Fridrih Nitsshe: "Man shi ne igiya miƙa tsakanin dabba da overman"

Mass sani sun zo in yi shirki da sunan Nietzsche da farkisanci. Kamar, ya kasance wani ideologue wannan Trend. Lalle ne, wasu daga cikin ra'ayoyin Hitler aro daga Falsafa na karni na 19th, da pre-dõmin karkatarwa su. A gaskiya wuya domin sanin abin da Nietzsche tana nufin karni. Na shekara-shekara da kuma nazarin halittu da shekaru shi nasa 19th da kuma tunani, da haushi, ya - wani mutum da Falsafa na 20th karni. Za mu tsaya ga facts, ba motsin zuciyarmu. Nietzsche riga ba zai iya dakatar Hitler, tun da ya rasu a shekarar 1900.

A babban masanin tarihin mutum

Nietzsche yawa sabis don falsafa, amma daya daga cikinsu annoys mutane mafi: wani zurfin tunani wanda farko a bainar jama'a ya bayyana cikin taro mutum. Ya ce ya - "wani datti rafi." Amma a gaskiya, "Man - wannan shi ne wani abu da ya kamata outperform." A wasu kalmomin, Nietzsche - m Falsafa wanda wa'azi game da kai-kyautata, ta amfani da ƙamus na warrior. Nietzsche da karanta kome da kome, amma musamman ma "Kamar wancan ne Ya yi magana Zarathustra". A cikin wannan littafin "ga kowa da kowa da kuma ga wani daya", za ka sami mai yawa abubuwa, ciki har da wani iri-iri kalamai game da wani mutum ta ainihi.

Jose Ortega Gasset, "Tashi talakawa" (1930)

Shekaru talatin bayan Nietzsche ta mutuwa a cikin hasken da aka buga aiki (ga. A subtitle), wanda ya kasance wani irin juyin juya halin Musulunci. Yana da aka bai ba kawai Farawa na mutum taro kamar yadda wani jiki type, amma kuma cikakken hanya aka bayyana ta halaye. A cikin littafin J. Ortega (ya fi son a kira da cewa hanya) da babban rikici da aka daura taro adawa na mutum da mutum kerawa.

Biyu anthropological irin ta sha bamban da juna a cewa daya (na farko) - wannan mabukaci, da kuma na biyu - adadi. Daya - m da "wayewa naman alade" wanda yana zaton cewa dukan duniya wanzu ne kawai don gamsar da bukatun. A wasu ne a cikin akai Jihar kerawa da kuma sabuwar dabara kanta, da canji na kai. J. Ortega littafin m da aka rubuta a wani m, kuma m harshe tare da wanda ya jimre, ko da an makaranta. Wannan ba shine GV Hegel da Heidegger. Hakika, yana da wani dukan yawa nishadi da kuma ban sha'awa. A wasu kalmomi, irin da zai iya cika up your ilimi na kaya tare da suna "Misalai a kan" mutumin (mutum) da kuma sanannen quotes game da shi. ' "

Irvin Yalom, "Lokacin da Nietzsche yi kuka" (1992)

Kada zama tsoro, yana da wani art littafin sadaukar da taron, wanda ya ba da gaske.

By malami Freud, Josef Breuer, ya zo Lu baro da ya ce ta abokinka, kamar yadda ta ga alama ya zama da lafiya. Iya da farfesa magana da shi da kuma ganin shi? A farfesa amince. Wannan aboki ne Fridrih Nitsshe. Breyer daukan up da "magana magani." Tarihi, psychoanalysis zo daga baya, ba shakka. Amma Yalom gangan displaces da tarihi hangen zaman gaba. Ko da yake facts a cikin wannan littafi - kada babban abu, babban abu a cikinsa shi ne cewa shi yana cike da ban mamaki Jagora game da mutumin da rayuwar dan Adam. Kuma Breuer bai san wanda ya buga shi a cikin abokan ciniki. Nietzsche kansa mai girma Anthropology, kuma psychoanalyst, a kan wani par, misali, tare da Schopenhauer. Ba mamaki, a lokacin bincike na abokin ciniki da kuma likita ake juyawa, da kuma Nietzsche riga "magana magani" likita jami'in dake duba yawan da amincin ransa. Daga cikin na ƙwarai sallami Yalom hirar akwai irin (ba zai iya vouch ga daidaito, wuce kawai ma'anar):

- Me kuke tunani, me ya sa ka zama likita?

- Na sani ba. Uba nace.

- Wane ne shi a gare ku zaba?

- Watakila, al'adu, daular. Ina ko ta yaya ko da yaushe ya so ya zama wani mawaki.

Rasha jama'a jigo faxin (Misalai) "Wani mutum (mutum) da kuma da zaman rayuwar" an nemi a wannan batun tare da wahala. Domin mu al'ada da wani mutum - korau domin darajar. Don haka shi ne a cikin kwanaki na baƙauye al'umma, don haka shi ne a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Wanda shi ne mutum a Rasha na kokarin bautar da tare da "kamfanoni xa'a" na daban-daban iri iri.

Kullum Irvin Yalom basira stylized ya litattafan "by Nietzsche." Jamus Falsafa ba ce cewa ya rubuta Yalom, amma ya iya cewa. Alal misali, wannan: "Kafin ka da yara, kana bukatar da za a haifa."

Na tuna da tunani S.Dovlatov cewa wasu 50 shekaru bai isa ya zama kamar wani mutum. Yana da wani bakin ciki da tunani, ko da yake, da kuma m.

Mai karatu zai iya zama mai fushi da cewa, wannan ba shine karin magana a kan jigo "mutumin (da mutum)." Amma yana da mafi alhẽri! A Jagora kasa samar da har yanzu ba za su yi shakka.

Blez Paskal, "Zamantakewa" (1657 - 1658)

"Zamantakewa" - wani m littafin, ban mamaki. Akwai da yawa daga tunanin game da addini, amma su ne don haka unobtrusive, don haka m, cewa ba ganimar da littafin. A akasin wannan, da zarar involuntarily fara zuwa tunani game da Allah. A cikin wani hali, shi ne ba da muhimmanci ga mata. A key shi ne cewa B. Pascal yi magana da mutum. Alal misali, a sanannun aphorism cewa mutum - a "tunanin Reed." Wannan hanya, a daya hannun, ta gaya wa mai karatu cewa, kasancewar m kuma na wucewa, da kuma a kan wasu - da cewa mutum ne ainihin karfi a cikin sassauci. A karkashin fi iko na halitta iskõki da rai, yana da ikon tanƙwara saukar, Crouch da kuma kauce wa mutuwa. Af, shi yana da kusan jama'a aphorism, t. E. Yana da wani ɓangare na wani rukunin "karin magana a kan jigo" Human Hali ".

Da ban sha'awa sosai tunani game da mutum makoma Pascal. 'Yan mutane san, amma manufa - wannan shi ne zalla Rasha bokanci. Kila, aikina - "na biyu" Rasha Almasihu ra'ayin a duniya. Kuma a Turai, mutane gane su aiki ne kawai kamar yadda a craft. Suna bukatar ya zama mai kyau Masters, shi ke nan.

A wannan mahallin, Faransa Falsafa, jayayya game da manufar, ya ce: "Abin da kayyade rabonmu? Hadari ". Next, yarda da kanka wajen isar da janar ma'anar ba tare da quotes. Mun ga a farkon yara, misali, wani lauya ko wani masanin tattalin arziki. Yana a lokacin da muka yaba, kuma mun gane cewa shi ne mai kyau. Sa'an nan mun zaɓi da ya dace sana'a. Mutum, mutumin da (Misalai da faxin game da wannan zai iya zama quite daban-daban) - ne musamman m da kuma inexhaustible batu domin gudanar da bincike. Mun kokarin ba kawai don satiate mai karatu daban-daban facts, yadda za a jan hankalinsa zuwa ga waɗanda mawallafa anda ayyukansu shakka daraja a karanta.

Kuma wani lokacin ma mafi alhẽri. Alal misali, a iyali hadisin. Bari ya zama cikin jirgin. The mahaifin ya ɗauki ɗansa cikin taksi na jirgin kasa a wani wuri shekaru. Yaron gan shi ke sanyi da kuma fun to tuƙa, su fitar da jirgin kasa. Wannan hoton ya auku a cikin duhun tunaninsa da kuma kera dukan masu sana'a rai. Kuma yanzu shi ne shekaru 30 da haihuwa, ya riga shekaru 10 a kan jirgin kasa, da kuma kowane lokaci, a zaune a cikinsa, ya tsammani: "mamma, abin da nake yi a nan" ko "My rai ne siffata up a matsayin wani abu ba daidai ba" (S. Sarki) . Kuma zargi da yara image, amma kuma da cewa mahaifinsa ne ba daidai ba tare da direba ba zai iya ganin. Amma, kamar yadda zai ce George Barnes. "Yana da wani kunya zargi da iyaye, idan kana a kan 25".

Rasha karin magana a kan jigo "Human Hali"

Sa'a ta zo da diba daga kasa da kyau. Za mu ciyar uku kawai daga cikin aphorism.

1. Ba irin mutum wanda yake zaune dõmin kansa, kuma wanda ya ƙirƙira farin ciki ga mutane.
2. Kowane mutum - wani asiri.
3. Man aka haifa ba da kanmu.

Ko da wadannan kalamai, a fili yake cewa kurwa na Rasha mutane - a gama yanayi, amma don akalla fahimci wani abu a cikin mutum, shi dole ne a bi da dabam da kuma musamman.

Kamar yadda ka gani, da Rasha, mutane a irin karin magana a kan jigo "The ainihi da kuma ta so image." To, abin da za ka yi. A cikin kalmomin Karl Marx: "kasancewarka kayyade sani." Wannan Gaskiya ne, a cikin ba ma farin ciki rai.