Kamchatka aman wuta Sheveluch: Basic Information

Shiveluch ne northernmost aiki aman wuta a Kamchatka, kuma daya daga cikin mafi girma a wannan yanki. A diamita karkashi ne da hamsin kilomita. Ya kunshi kamar na biyu sassa - Tsohon da Young Shiveluch.

The girma na haihuwa aman wuta

Tsohon Kamchatka aman wuta Shiveluch ne stratovolcano. Ya folded m-grained abu, wanda suke interbedded da lawa. Yana da lashe wani halitta tsarin caldera manyan diamita wanda yake kimanin kilomita tara. A ta sosai kiyaye su, su tsawo dabam daga daruruwan mita har zuwa daya da rabi kilomita a yankin na babban ganiya. A kan aiwatar da da samuwar daga ƙasa aka jefa a kan sittin cubic kilomita na pyroclastic abu da ya yada a kan wani fairly babban yankin: ya zo a gado Kamchatka River da kuma bayan.

Girma matasa aman wuta

A kasa na caldera kusa da arewa maso yammacin gefen shi ne ƙarami aman wuta Sheveluch. An wakilta dama Fused extrusive domes (Biyu, Suelich, Tsakiya da kuma wasu) tare da qananan lawa gudana, wanda da andesite da andezitodatsitovy qagaggun. A diamita daga cikin tushe ne samuwar bakwai kilomita. A shekarar 1964, akwai wani volcanic shigowa Sheveluch, a sakamakon karfi fashe, wadannan domes aka kusan gaba daya hallaka, kuma, wata babbar biyu bakin dutse da aka kafa a wurin. Its diamita ya 1.7 kilomita zuwa arewa na da 2 kilomita zuwa kudu. A shigowa aka jefa daga zurfin da kayan, wanda shi ne mai ɗamfarar alkyabbar ajiye a wajen kudancin kafaɗar, iyãwarsa - daga daya zuwa hamsin mita. Ɗaukar hoto ya kan daruruwan murabba'in kilomita, da kuma yawan - rabin cubic kilometer. A shekarar 1980, a cikin arewa na bakin dutse da ya zama wani sabon tsari extrusive Dome, wanda ya kunshi andesite. A ci gaba da wannan ilimin ya ci gaba da wannan rana. Ya bi da daban-daban fashe da iko. A mafi yawan aiki squeezing Dome ya faru a 1993. Sa'an nan ya dauki kusan dukan ƙasar arewacin bakin dutse.

A tarihin na zargin wani mai aman wuta

Ba tare da iyakar ta gabatar ba tsarin, da aman wuta Sheveluch dangana ga volcanic Tsarin aji Somma-Vesuvius. Wannan samuwar shi ne mafi girma tsarin irin wannan. Fitowan da kuma ci gaban da aman wuta, geologists wai ya faru a lokacin da Upper Pleistocene, game da shekara dubu saba'in da suka wuce. A mafi tsanani catastrophic eruptions faruwa a kan jinkiri, waɗansu ɗari ɗari - shekara ɗari uku. A karshe daya faru a 1854 da kuma 1964, wato, wani lokaci-lokaci na 110 shekara. Matsakaici ƙarfi da kuma raunana eruptions faruwa more sau da yawa, da suka yawanci tare da ci gaban da extrusive domes. Wannan ne ya lura a wannan lokacin.

Janar bayani: inda aman wuta Sheveluch?

By nauyi da kuma girma igneous kayayyakin mita karfi eruptions abu kau kudi ne na halitta samuwar ne daya daga cikin mafi musamman volcanic Kamchatka da Kuriles. Wannan mataki na zamanin d ma'aunan kasa abu - daya daga cikin mafi girma a wannan yanki. Sheveluch located tamanin kilomita arewa na Klyuchevskoy. An located a kan da Kamchatka kogin, a tsakiyar mikewa domin da dama, kilomita na Shefela, an rufe shi da swamps. Idan kafin artist ya zuwa nuna a cikin wani nau'i na halitta abu laifi rayuwa, mugunta tsohon mutum, sa'an nan hali ya kamata dauki Shiveluch. Wannan ne mai babbar halitta abu, kunsha na conical tsarin daban-daban jinsunan da shekaru, furrowed kwaruruka, craters da kasawa, wanda ya wanzu for yawa dubban shekaru, har yanzu ya ci gaba da shiga daga lokaci zuwa lokaci da catastrophic shigowa, ya halaka dukan rai.

kafa sassa

Bayan samuwar babban mazugi na aman wuta a sakamakon kasawa da kuma fashewar abubuwa a kudancin kasance da samuwar sararin caldera. Ciki, akwai wani matashi mazugi. Daga baya a cikin primary caldera tashi wani caldera-bakin dutse. Yana halakar da wani ɓangare na matasa mazugi. A nan a wannan wuri, kamar yadda da ya fi da dabara, da kuma fara daukar wuri na gaba shigowa. Suke dashi na zamanin d mazugi ne da ake kira "babban ganiya", shi ne mafi girman aya daga cikin ma'aunan kasa abu. A ƙaramin mazugi ake kira "bakin dutse saman". Shiveluch tsawo a tsororuwar ne 3.335 mita, da kuma a cikin matasa part - 2700 mita.

A tarihin eruptions

A shigowa da aman wuta a kan Kamchatka Sheveluch ne m. A cikin karni na karshe, watsi faru a shekara ta 1925, 1944, 1950, 1964. A karshe shigowa ya sosai short, amma musamman karfi. A sakamakon wani m girgije aka dauke a kan pyatnadtsatikilometrovuyu tsawo da kuma koma a cikin shugabanci na cikin teku. Its kauri ne kullum yanka ta hanyar da haske walƙiya. Dukan yankin gabas na aman wuta, har zuwa Ust-Kamchatsk da kuma bayan, aka shiga cikin duhu. An musamman manyan yawan harbe dutse aka fitad da a kan wani 15-kilometer nesa, an rufe tare da wani lokacin farin ciki Layer ƙasa da wuraren kai da dama ga dubun mita. Duk da bushes da gandun daji da aka binne shi ko dai ko ƙone kowane abu mai rai da aka ba su iya ci gaba da za su gudu ko tashi, aka kashe. An sani cewa da yawa da tsuntsaye da dabbobi iya jira da m girgizar asa da volcanic eruptions: ja jiki daga su burrows, sun fara nuna damuwa, da neman samun fita daga gabatarwa. Saboda haka, da catastrophic shigowa na aman wuta Sheveluch wadda ta gabãta daga girgizar kasa ƙungiyoyi a watan Nuwamba shekarar 1964, wanda ya fara wata daya kafin a watsi da kansu. duk da tsanani qara da kowane wucewa rana. Kuma kwanaki biyu kafin shigowa da yawan kai fiye da dari a rana. Kazalika yi girman a lokacin da dabbobi?

Stories na haihuwa-Ms.

Ga abin da mai gida mafarauci A. Chudinov (a lokacin da yake goma sha tara shekara). Domin kwanaki biyu ko uku kafin shigowa za a iya gani a m kuma sosai m mika mulki bears daga hagu gāɓar kogi a dama banki na Kamchatka kwarin. Kuma wannan duk da cewa a watan Nuwamba, duk da dabbobi sa a rashin himma, amma a hango kashedi game da bala'i tilasta su su bar su dumi dajin zaune da kuma zuwa yunwa da sanyi, a cikin hunturu gandun daji domin su. Lokaci guda, a dama banki muhimmanci kara yawan wasu dabbobi kamar zomaye, Foxes. A fili, suka kuma yi hijira daga Shiveluch.

Just zama iya gani tsayar da ƙara na girgizar kasa aiki kafin a fara shigowa. Saboda haka, bisa ga labarun na mazauna Kunamu, located kyau saman teku matakin, shi da aka gani a farfajiya na babban, ice-rufe lake Kurchazhnoe kwance a hayin Kogin Yufiretis, da shi ya wuce jerin tãguwar ruwa.

Bayan da shigowa ta 1964 kawai fumarolic aiki ne lura a SHEVELUCH. Aman wuta da kanta ne a wuya ƙasa, ziyarci 'rare expeditions.

2014 th

A safiyar Yuni 1, 2014 da aman wuta Sheveluch sanya iko ash fashewar. Ya tsawo da aka fiye da bakwai kilomita. Bugu da ari plume fara yada a kudu maso gabashin shugabanci zuwa Kamchatsky bay. Yau, da wannan yanki abubuwa sanya Code Orange (mafi m). Its aiki ya fara kara a shekarar 2009, wannan lokaci a kan saman kafa kogon zurfin mita 30. Bisa ga karuwa a girgizar kasa aiki, masana kimiyya kusantar da Tsayawa akan matsayin cewa a lokacin da aka "shirya" ga wani iko shigowa Shiveluch.