Kasa matsayi na Rasha. A ɓangaren da na Rasha, yankin yankin, matsananci maki

Rasha - mafi girma da yankin na kasa a duniya. Abin da ƙasa da shi bautarka? Menene babban fasali na geopolitical da tattalin arziki da kuma ɓangaren da na Rasha?

Basic bayanai game da Rasha

Modern Rasha jihar bayyana a duniya taswirar kawai a shekarar 1991. Ko da yake farkon ta statehood tashi da yawa a baya - game da goma sha ƙarni ago.

Modern Rasha - wata Jamhuriyar wani tarayya irin. Ya kunshi 85 batutuwa, daban-daban a size da kuma yawan jama'a. Rasha - kamfanin dake da wata jiha, wanda shi ne gida don fiye da mutum ɗari biyu da kabilun.

A kasar ne a duniya, most m na mai, iskar gas, Diamonds, platinum da titanium. Shi ne kuma daya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a samar da ammonia, takin zamani da makamai. Rasha Federation - daya daga cikin manyan sarari da makaman nukiliya iko na duniya.

Menene babban fasali na Rasha Gwargwadon wuri? Wannan za a tattauna kara.

A ɓangaren da na Rasha: da ƙasa, yanki, yawan jama'a da kuma endpoints

A kasar bautarka a sararin yanki na 17,1 miliyan murabba'in mita. km (na farko wuri cikin sharuddan yankin a duniya). Yana lullube for goma kilomita dubu daga gaba na Black Sea da kuma Baltic Sea a yamma da Bering mashigar a gabas. A tsawon na kasar daga arewa zuwa gabas ne 4000 km.

A iyakar yankin ƙasar Rasha da wadannan (dukkan su suna nuna a ja al'ada ãyõyi a kan taswira kasa):

• Arewa - Cape Fligely (a cikin kewayon Franz-Joseph).
• kudu - a kusa da dutsen Kichensuv (a Dagestan).
• West - a kan Vistula tofa (Kaliningrad Region).
• Gabas - Ratmanova Island (Bering mashigar).

Rasha iyaka a ranar 14 ga yantattun jihohi, kazalika da biyu partially gane jihohin (Abkhazia da kuma Kudancin Ossetia). A m harka: game da 75% na yankunan da aka located in Asia, amma a Turai gida zuwa kusan 80% na Russia. A duka yawan Rasha: game da 147 mutane miliyan (as na Janairu 1, 2017).

Kasa matsayin Rasha

A dukan ƙasar Rasha located a cikin Arewacin Hemisphere da kuma kusan dukan (sai dai karamin sashi na Chukchi cin gashin kanta District) - a cikin Eastern Hemisphere. A jihar aka located a tsakiya da arewacin kasar Eurasia da kuma maida hankali da kusan 30% na Asia.

A wajen arewa Coast na Rasha an wanke ta Sea na Arctic Ocean kuma a gabas - da Pacific. A yammacin ɓangare yana da wani kanti to Black Sea, wanda ke da mulkin zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic tasa. A kasar yana da mafi tsawo a cikin dukan ƙasashe na duniya ƙirin tsawon - fiye da 37 kilomita dubu. Waɗannan su ne babban fasali na jiki da kuma ɓangaren da na Rasha.

A kasar yana da wani babban richness kuma bambancin halitta hanya m. A ta bude sarari ne mai arziki man fetur da kuma iskar gas, tama, titanium, tin, nickel, jan, uranium, zinariya da lu'u-lu'u. Rasha ma yana da wata babbar ruwa da gandun daji da albarkatun. A musamman, katako rufe game da 45% na yankin.

Yana tsaye a waje da kuma sauran muhimman siffofin na jiki da kuma ɓangaren da na Rasha. Saboda haka, mafi yawan kasar da aka located arewa na 60 digiri arewa latitud, a zone daga permafrost. Kuma a cikin wadannan wuya yanayin damina, ana tilasta rayuwa ta miliyoyin mutane. Duk wannan, ba shakka, bar ta mark a kan rayuwa, al'ada da kuma hadisai na Rasha mutane.

Rasha ne a cikin abin da ake kira m aikin noma. Wannan yana nufin cewa nasara ci gaban noma a mafi yawan shi ne wuya ko ba zai yiwu ba. Saboda haka, a cikin arewacin sassa na kasar ne bai isa ba zafi, a kudu, a akasin haka, akwai wani ruwa da karancin. Wadannan siffofin na ɓangaren da na Rasha shafi muhimmanci a kan harkokin noma da tattalin arzikin, wanda shi ne a dire bukatar gwamnati tallafin.

Aka gyara da kuma matakan da tattalin arziki da kuma halin da ake ciki Gwargwadon na kasar

A karkashin tattalin arziki da kuma halin da ake ciki Gwargwadon (EGP) na kasar ko yankin fahimci totality of sadarwa da kuma dangantaka da mutum Enterprises, ƙauyuka da kuma yankunan da abubuwa da ake located waje cikin kasar da kuma samun karfi da tasiri a kan shi.

Masana kimiyya gane da wadannan aka gyara na EGP:

• kai;
• masana'antu;
• agrogeograficheskoe.
• alƙaluma.
• na wasanni.
• kasuwar (matsayi da girmamawa ga kasuwanni).

Evaluation na kasar ko yankin EGP za'ayi a ranar uku daban-daban matakan: micro, meso da Macro matakin. Next, za mu kimanta macrolocation Rasha dangane da waje duniya baki daya.

Musamman canje-canje tattalin arziki da kuma ɓangaren da na Rasha

The girman da ƙasa - mafi muhimmanci alama da kuma amfanin da tattalin arziki da kuma ɓangaren da na Rasha, wanda ake dangantawa da yawa na masu yiwuwa. Yana da damar kasa don samar da m rabo daga aiki, shi ne m sanya su m sojojin, da dai sauransu, Rasha kan iyaka da goma sha huɗu da kasashen na Eurasia, ciki har da - .. Strong kayayyaki tushe na kasar Sin, Ukraine, Kazakhstan. Wurare da dama a kai farfajiyoyi tabbatar kusa hadin gwiwa tare da kasashen na yammaci da kuma tsakiyar Turai.

A nan, watakila, da babban fasali na Rasha Gwargwadon wuri tattalin arziki da wani yanayi. Yadda ake da shi canja a 'yan shekarun nan? Kuma canza shi?

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da tattalin arziki da kuma halin da ake ciki Gwargwadon na kasar ta rincabewa. Kuma a sama da dukan kai. Bayan duk, Rasha ta samun yana kokarin muhimmanci yankunan da Black Sea da kuma Baltic Sea a farkon shekarun 1990s ƙwarai iyakance, da kuma kasar da dama da ɗari kilomita m daga sosai raya kasashen na Turai. Bugu da kari, Rasha ya rasa mai yawa ta gargajiya kasuwanni.

A geopolitical matsayi na Rasha

Geopolitical matsayin - wannan shi ne wurin da kasar a kan duniya fagen siyasa, dangantaka tsakaninta da sauran jihohi. A kan dukan, Rasha yana da m dama ga tattalin arziki, siyasa, soji, kimiyya da al'adu hadin gwiwa tare da kasashe da dama na Eurasia da kuma duniya.

Duk da haka, ba dukan jihohi, wadannan dangantakar ne masu tasowa da kyau. Saboda haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun muhimmanci rincabewa dangantakar da ke tsakanin Rasha da yawan NATO kasashen - Jamhuriyar Czech, Romania, Poland, da suke da zarar kusa masõya na Tarayyar Soviet. Wannan al'amari, ta hanyar, da ake kira da most Rasha geopolitical sha kashi a cikin sabon karni.

Complex da kuma wajen ci gaba da kasancewa ƙunci Rasha ta dangantakar da yawan tsohon Tarayyar jamhuriyoyin: Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, kasashe na Baltic yankin. Abu mai muhimmanci canja da geopolitical halin da ake ciki a kasar a shekarar 2014 tare da Accession na Crimean sashin (musamman a cikin Black Sea yankin).

Canje-canje a cikin geopolitical matsayi na Rasha a karni na ashirin

Idan muka yi la'akari da karni na ashirin, mafi ri rearrangement na sojojin a Turai da kuma siyasar duniya, ya faru a shekarar 1991. Rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da iko jihar a karkashin jagorancin wani jerin muhimman canje-canje a cikin geopolitical halin da ake ciki a Rasha:

• tare da kewaye na Rasha fito fiye da dozin matasa da kuma 'yantattun jihohi da wanda shi ya zama dole, domin kafa wani sabon nau'in dangantakar;
• Soviet sojojin karshe an narkar a yawan gabashi da tsakiyar Turai.
• Rasha samu a cikin tsarin ne matsala kuma m marasa cigaban tattalin arziki - da Kaliningrad yankin.
• NATO soja kungiyar hankali kusata kai tsaye zuwa Rasha kan iyakoki.

Duk da haka, na tsawon shekaru goma mun kafa wani fairly karfi da kuma moriyar juna a tsakanin Rasha da Jamus, China, Japan, India.

A ƙarshe: Rasha a cikin zamani duniya

Rasha bautarka a sararin ƙasa, mallakan babban mutum da kuma halitta hanya m. A yau shi ne mafi girma a kasar a cikin duniya da kuma manyan player a cikin duniya fagen fama. Za ka iya haskaka da mafi muhimmanci fasali na Rasha Gwargwadon wuri, a nan su ne:

1. A vastness na sarari sun shagaltar da babban tsawon na kan iyakoki.
2. An ban mamaki iri-iri na halitta yanayi da kuma albarkatun.
3. Mosaic (ba uniformity) na mazauna da kuma ci gaban tattalin arziki na yankin.
4. Damar kasuwanci, soja da siyasa da hadin gwiwa tare da daban-daban makwabtan jihohin, ciki har da manyan tattalin arziki na zamani a duniya.
5. Impermanence da kuma rashin zaman lafiya na geopolitical halin da ake ciki a kasar a cikin past shekaru da dama.

Kasa matsayin Rasha bambanta musamman m. Amma wadannan amfanin (na halitta, da tattalin arziki, da dabarun da geopolitical), yana da muhimmanci mu koyi yadda za daidai da nagarta sosai amfani, directing su ƙara da ikon kasar da kuma jindadin 'yan kasarta.