KGB: deciphering abbreviations da takardun shaidarka hukumomin

Kowace al'umma da suke zaune a ƙasar a wasu jihohi ko tarayya na da hakkin ya aminci da sharadi gwargwado ga rayuwa. A wannan batun, kasar gwamnati ne kokarin haifar da wani iko da tawagar, wanda zai magance irin wannan muhimmanci al'amura, samar da yawan da suke bukata. A lokaci daya, wannan aiki ya yi KGB (kwafi: "Jihar Tsaro kwamitin"). A lokacin Soviet sau, da tsarin ne tsakiya management jiki, wanda bayar tsaro a ko'ina cikin kasar da kuma aiki domin 37 shekaru.

Ayyuka da kuma iko na rayuwa

KGB aka tsunduma a cikin aiki-search ayyuka, da kariya na jihar kan iyakoki, da waje search kuma counterintelligence, samar da gwamnatin sadarwa. Kwamitin ma kokawa da amincewarsa, kishin kasa da kuma anti-Soviet aiki. A tsarin kunshi raba abubuwa (akwai goma sha huɗu) a kan ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Union,} ananan hukumomi, soja gundumomi, sadarwa, iyakar sojojin, bincike da kuma makarantu, da kuma da yawa wasu raka'a. KGB (kwafi na wanda aka sani ga kusan kowane mutum) a lokacin yana da sunaye daban-daban da kuma statuses. Yau, da wannan sunan da ake amfani, yawanci a cikin tattaunawar, a lokacin da ake magana a daya daga cikin Rasha na musamman da sabis.

A tarihin abin da ya faru na kwamitin

Jihar Tsaro kwamitin da aka kafa Fabrairu 4, 1954. Ya kunshi na ma'aikatar harkokin da Tarayyar Soviet, da daban-daban ayyuka da kuma sassan. Shugaban KGB (kwafi na abin da aka amince a kan Maris 13 1954) ya zama Kanar-Janar Ivan Serov. Ya kamata a lura cewa kwamitin da aka ba halitta su zama a tsakiyar sashin jiki na jihar iko. Ya ya kamata ya zama wani sashi daga Gwamnatin Tarayyar Soviet.

A siffa daga cikin tsarin da aka shirya da KGB na Tarayyar Soviet. An sani cewa akwai lokatan goma sha shida, amma wasu kafofin ƙaryatãwa wannan bayani, yana cewa adadin ne bai tabbata ba. Da farko Cif Directorate ya da hankali, na biyu - ciki tsaro. Sai soja counterintelligence, wajen magance anti-Soviet abubuwa, sufuri tsaro, na sarrafawa-search aiki, da boye-boye-Mabudi kasuwanci da kuma sadarwa, kariya ga gwamnati da shugabannin jam'iyya, da gudanar da Kwamandan Moscow Kremlin, magani (health care), rediyo interception, lantarki da hankali, tattalin arziki da aminci.

Shiri na KGB

Tarihi na KGB (kwafi wanda a zamanin yau ne sau da yawa amfani da su koma zuwa ga Rasha tsaro sabis) ne quite m da kuma maida hankali kusan kowane yanki na jama'a gwamnati. Yawan jikuna aiki a cikin kwamitin, amounted zuwa game da ɗari uku da mutane dubu. Lokacin da KGB akwai makarantu, da manufar wanda ya shirya da kuma bayar da sosai m ma'aikata domin tsaro gabobin na Tarayyar Soviet. Yana da aka hada da jami'o'i, kwalejojin, makarantu, cibiyoyin horaswa da kuma musamman darussa. Da ayyukan cibiyoyin dubawa KGB.