Khortytsya Island da kuma tarihinta. Jan hankali da kuma hotuna na tsibirin Khortytsya

Khortytsya aka nasaba, da tarihi na Zaporizhzhya Cossacks. Shi ne mafi girma kogin tsibirin, ba kawai a Ukraine amma kuma a Turai. Man zauna a nan tun a tarihi mai nisa: na farko burbushi ya tsaya ne ga III Millennium BC.

Yau, kowane Ukrainian makaranta sani, a kan wanda kogin ne tsibirin Khortytsya. Dnepr - mafi girma da kuma mafi muhimmanci waterway na Ukraine. Wannan shi ne babban tashar na kewayawa, shi ne wani cascade na shida hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke. Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci gida janye ne karfi na Ukrainian Cossacks. Har yau a kan Khortitsa kiyaye hadisai da kuma tarihi da za su iya mayar da mu a 'yan shekara ɗari da suka wuce, da kuma nuna yadda reestrovtsy rayu.

arewa Khortytsya

Babbansu shida wutar lantarki shuke-shuke - Zaporozhye Dnieper - gina a 1932 da kuma aka gudanar a cike iya aiki a 1939. A arewacin gangaren tsibirin Khortytsya mai ban mamaki view na dam. Ga wuri mai faɗi ne mafi yawa m: dutse kankara wani lokacin tãshi zuwa 40-50 mita sama da ruwa.

A wannan ɓangare na tsibirin ne cike da grottos, kogwanni, ƙanana da manyan boulders, ta hanyar abin da daya zai iya wuya tafiya saukar da ruwa. A arewacin - Museum of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, nuni da "Zaporizhzhya Sich", wanda ya bude a 2009, da Wuri Mai Tsarki, "Tarasova dinka" da kuma yin yawo sawu "a kan bakin kofa."

Kudu Khortytsya

A kudu yanki marshy, da ambaliyar ruwa, halitta shekaru dubbai na tukuru Dnieper gudana. Ga tudu ne indented da yawa coves da backwaters. Sãmar da kogin m kasa sun zama Haven ga wani iri-iri Flora da fauna. A baya can, daji, da itatuwa, kyauro da ciyawa miƙa daga tsibirin Khortytsya zuwa Kherson da Zaporizhia aka kira Great fadamun.

A wadannan wurare ya shahara Protolchy hyundai, da wanda ya yiwu don motsawa daga daya banki zuwa saman da ba da samun ƙafãfunku rigar, ko kugu-zurfi a cikin ruwa. Duk wannan ƙawa bayyana binne shi a cikin duhun Kakhovka kududdufai a gina wani hydroelectric iko tashar. Hydroelectric iko kokari samar da kawai 8% na wutar lantarki a kasar da kuma ne tushen m muhalli barazana.

ajiye

Yau, kudancin gefen tsibirin Khortytsya ne na bayar da muhimmanci a cikin kiyayewa da namun daji, da Dnieper. Biyar ruwan tekun Atlantika tabkuna da rabi zuwa biyu da dozin kananan tafkunan da bays ne wani hadari Haven saboda mutane da yawa jinsunan shuke-shuke: furannin bi-rana, ruwa furannin bi-rana, ruwa chestnuts, Iris, kyauro, da dai sauransu Anan aka same duniya karami fern - Salvinia iyo ...

A m ruwa na kudancin Hortitsa spawn fiye da 50 jinsunan kifaye, gida fiye da 120 jinsunan tsuntsaye (ko da yake a dukkan Ukraine kawai a kan 300), ta wadãta game da 30 jinsunan kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Status of jihar ajiye tsibirin Khortytsya ya dawo a shekarar 1965. Kafin haka, an dauke shi a gida Kabarin (1958) da kuma na kasa (1963) dabi'u. Bayan samun 'yancin kai, da Ukrainian gwamnati ya sanya tsibirin matsayi na kasa shakatawa (1993).

Daga mahangar kiyaye muhalli aiki shi ne na bayar da muhimmanci: akwai girma fiye da 560 jinsunan daji shuke-shuke. Island tsare sarari irin wannan lambar ne babbar.

Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

Na da babban amfani ne da tarihi na tsibirin Khortytsya, hade da yafi tare da Zaporozhye Cossacks. Prince Vishnevetskii, sung a labarin baki a karkashin sunan Baida, a cikin XVI karni, Yã sanya sõyayya a disparate Cossack hari da kuma gina a kan wani karamin tsibirin nan kusa (Kananan Khortytsya) sansanin soja tsara don kare haddi a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian jihar. An dauke su samfur na da Zaporizhzhya Sich, abin da ya bayyana kawai a 1593. A 1557-m kagara fadi - Khan Devlet Giray, da hanyoyin da ganuwar a watan Janairu, ya kasa 24-rana, yaƙi ya kewaye bai kawo nasara. Ya riga a cikin kaka na ƙarfafa, kuma gaba daya hallaka kagara.

Kafin tsiyacewa Zaporizhzhya Sich Khortytsya tsibirin mallakar ta dũkiyarku ba. Saboda haka suka fara kamfe Taras Tryasilo, Ivan Sirko, Sulima, Bogdan Khmelnitsky.

Dnieper flotilla

Soja samuwar a gefen Empire ba ma m tsakiyar hukumomi. Lokacin da wani ɓangare na foremen goyon Hetman Mazepa a yi zanga-Russian magana a gefe na Swedes, a 1709 duk da Zaporizhzhya Sich aka ayyana wani gida na cin amanar da kuma hallaka, cewa ya ba da ya hana Cossacks da aiki a gefe na Rasha kambi a cikin yaki tare da Turks.

A 1737 aka yanke shawarar gina wani sabon masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa: War a cike lilo, da kuma Rasha jiragen ruwa ba zai iya shawo kan Dnieper sashen kogin. By 1739, a kusa da tsibirin Khortytsya ya na tsaye Rasha soja rundunar motoci, lambobi game da ɗari huɗu da jiragen ruwa.

A 1998, a kusa da bakin da muka samu cikin jikin Cossack gulls, wanda aka cire daga Dnieper ta cikin shekara. A shekara ta 2007, mun kawo wa surface samu a cikin wannan brigantine. Biyu tsoho jirgin ruwa zama tushen kungiyar na na wasa Museum na Dnieper flotilla, located a kudancin ɓangare na tsibirin.

Museum of History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks yafi kishin bude a 1983. A gidan kayan gargajiya a tsibirin Khortytsya. A dakin bautar game da 1600 murabba'in mita da kuma aka yi wa ado da kyawawan m. Liyi tare da dutse ganuwar haifar da sakamako na kasancewa a cikin wani boye kogon. Suna sun rataye tare da daban-daban kaya daga zamanin da. Janar lighting ba haske ba ne, hasken kawai alluna da farfado, mafi yawan abin da ake samu a tsibirin kuma a nan da nan kusanci.

A nan ana tattara ragowar tsoho dutse kayan aikin, kumar kasko, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na haihuwa tasoshin, gumaka, iyali abubuwa da ciki. A gidan kayan gargajiya ya nuna da akwati na fadama oak, aza a kasa daga cikin Dnieper 'yan shekara dubu. Ban sha'awa ne dioramas cewa bayyanãwa da tarihi daga cikin manyan turakun na Zaporizhzhya yankin: "A karshe yakin Svyatoslav" (bisa ga wasu kafofin, da Prince of Kiev da aka kashe shi ne a kan tsibirin), "Soja Council a sansanin," "Night hari ta Soviet sojojin a cikin Zaporozhye (14/10/1943 Mr. .) "," yi na Dnieper. "

Matafiya a kan wani rubutu

A lokacin rani da gidan kayan gargajiya ne bude daga 9-00 ga 19-00, a cikin hunturu - daga 9-00 ga 16-00. A Monday, shi bai yi aiki ba, dole ne a haifa tuna lokacin da shirin tafiya zuwa tsibirin Khortytsya. Tafiye-tafiye miƙa ta kasa ajiye, ban sha'awa da kuma bambance bambancen. Yau, akwai wajen dozin jigo yin yawo yawon shakatawa a kusa da tsibirin, sadaukar da daban-daban shafukan da ta tarihi.

Idan babu so a cikin 45-90 minti yawo na jagora a kan kafar, akwai damar yin oda bas yawon shakatawa zaunanniya awa 2.5 a kudancin tsibirin. Reserve ya yi alkawarin mai dadi da kuma m abin shagala kawai na sosai gwani masana a cikin al'umma. Popular tsibirin da yara ga wani musamman matinee ci gaba. A lokacin malyshnya su ba kawai liyãfa, amma kuma don matsahi na saba da tarihin ƙasar haihuwarmu.

"Zaporozhye"

A shahararren wuri a cikin jan hankali na tsibirin bautar wani tarihi da kuma al'adu hadaddun "Zaporozhye", wanda aka fara a 2004. Sashe na daga cikin gine-gine yi amfani da lokacin yin fim na alama fim "Taras Bulba". A shekara ta 2009, da hadaddun da aka bude don yawon shakatawa ya kai ziyara.

A cibiyar na nuni ne da kananan katako coci Mai Tsarki Virgin, wanda aka lashe ta uku domes. A total na ashirin da uku hadaddun Tsarin cewa gabatar da baƙi zuwa Cossack gidaje ciki, hukuma da makarantu, gargajiya tavern, da ma'ajiyar makamai. A duka nuni ne zuwa kashi ƙurewar Cauchy unguwar, wanda, da rashin alheri, ya juya fitar da za a washe ta zamani Vandals. A kauyen da aka kewaye da wani palisade da uku agogon hasumiya, a moat kuma kasko cike babbar katanga.

Tsarki Stores Cossack kwastan da kuma gida da Hawan Doki wasan kwaikwayo (located a kudancin ɓangare na tsibirin Khortytsya). Ga aka aiki maƙeri shop, sayar da tsarabobi, a kai a kai akwai ban sha'awa wasan kwaikwayo wasanni: dance, stylized yãki tare da takuba, ya nuna su art talented mahaya. Wasan kwaikwayo ba na yau da kullum wasanni a ICC "Zaporozhye."

Ba guda Cossacks

A wani raba bayanin kula, cewa Cossacks ba cinya tarihi arziki na wadannan wurare - Khortytsya tsibirin, wanda jan hankali suna da yawa, lugar da mutane a baya sau.

A 1976-1980 shekaru a tsibirin da aka gudanar archeological tono a cikin abin da aka samu da soja shiri na X-XIV ƙarni a kudancin. The mutum Finds - makamai, tukwane - bayar da shawarar cewa a shiri ko da mafi tsoho. Yau a shafin bude wani tunawa da yawon shakatawa hadaddun "Protovche yarjejeniya".

Scythian binne mounds

Sun bar su da alãmarsu a tsibirin, da kuma Scythians. A farkon karni na ashirin, akwai 129 mounds. Babbansu ya kasance a cikin Bronze Age (III Millennium BC. E.). Mounds located tare da abin da ake kira Scythian hanyar da cewa da zarar ya gudu a kan wani dagagge ɓangare na tsibirin Khortytsya. Yau, goma sha mounds gyara, ado da dutse, da na tagulla stelae broads. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne dama kusa da Museum of tarihi na Cossacks.

Memorial-yawon shakatawa hadaddun "Zorov Kabari" ( "Scythian sansanin"), sadaukar da tarihi na Scythian page daukan game da biyar kadada da ya hada da wani ban sha'awa nuni, wanda shi ne m tsibirin Khortytsya - gidan kayan gargajiya na dutse sculptures. Nan za ka iya ganin ayyukan hannuwan mutane ne, wanda fiye da shekara dubu. Saboda haka ya yi magana, ya taba aiwatuwa a dutse Gaumont ƙarni.

Taras Shevchenko

A lokacin rani na 1843 Khortytsya ziyarci da shekaru 29 da haihuwa, Taras Shevchenko. Tare da bakwai dutse boulders, a kan wanda aka sassaka da Lines daga cikin ayyukan mai girma Kobzar, wanda koma zuwa tsibirin Khortytsya amfani ethnographers aka ƙaddara da hanya ya yawo, da kuma kaddamarda da kuma Zaporozhye Great Meadow. Duk iya tafiya a cikin zambiyõyin mawãƙi da kuma ji dadin kewaye da muhalli hanya "a kan bakin kofa."

Khortytsya yau - wani tsibirin hutu wanda shi ne m ba kawai daga unguwa. Yana da kyau sosai, shiru, ko da lumana. Daga arewa-maso-gabashin gaba da Dnieper ne a bayyane, da kuma kusa da lãbãri "Zaporozhye" cewa simulates wani hali Cossack sansanin soja na XVI-XVIII ƙarni. Akwai wani kusan sufi ji cewa kai ne a kan iyakar da ke tsakanin gabata da kuma nan gaba.

Legends da camfin da na tsibirin Khortytsya

Kusan kowace dutse ko kogo na tsibirin na da labari. Don gaya mana game da kowane daga cikinsu, zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo. Sha'awar a tarihin, dodon kogo, wanda aka bayyana da Herodotus. Ka ce, a cikin wani sihiri ƙasar gel (masana tarihi ayan yi imani da cewa wannan shi ne Mai girma Meadow Zaporozhye) Heracles haɗu da wani kyakkyawan Maciji-girls. Su faru da son a wannan kogon, kunkuntar ƙofar wanda za a iya gani a cikin hoto na tsibirin Khortytsya, yi da magoya na matsananci wasanni. Samun to yana da wuya.

Sai kawai daya daga cikin 'ya'ya uku na Greek gwarzo na gida kyakkyawa gudanar tanƙwara da jaruntakar mahaifin ta baka, da kuma sai aka kira shi Skif. Sha'awa, da image-Maid Macizai kada faruwa a kan dutse boulders na tsibirin, kuma su asalin shi ne wajen m.

Daga baya, mutane sun zauna a cikin shahararrun kogo Snake Gorynycha - shi da amai duwatsu a heroes wanda ba ya so ya bar shi kadai, da halitta mai yawan tsibiran Dnieper kuma ko da sanannen sashen kogin.

Sihiri asirai na tsibirin

Akwai a kan Khortitsa kuma abu na sha'awa magoya bayan esotericism - wani babban dutse yin la'akari biyar zuwa shida quintals, ba a kawo ta a gleiser, ba a kawo daga wasu mutane. A cikin wani hali, wannan irin shi ne ba da hankula ga wannan yanki: mafi kusa yankin inda da shi ya auku - Donetsk yankin. Boulder cike da gidajen gona da ya sassaka Lines, a fili ajiye hannun mutum. Me yi wadannan haruffa da kuma ko da suka ji babu wanda ya san daidai. An yi imani da cewa patterned dutse, dake nuna wani kifi (irin kifi) da kuma aiki a matsayin tsoho mutane a matsayin sadaukarwa abu. Tsegumi ya ni'imtar da ita a dutse sihiri karfi da iya "ja" na mutum cuta.

Saboda haka, Khortytsya tsibirin ne mai ban sha'awa, mai arziki da gani da kuma Legends. Don kwanan wata, da shahararsa shi ne da nisa daga cancanci. Ina so in yi imani da cewa lokaci ne daidai. Idan zai yiwu, a tabbatar ziyarci wannan wuri. Good luck!