Major bambance-bambance a cikin Arctic da Antarctic: Description da halaye

Domin mafi sha bambanci a cikin Arctic da Antarctica, shi wajibi ne don kara gano wadannan wurare na duniya tamu. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa musamman fasali.

Arctic

Idan daga duk wani batu a Duniya bi kamfas allura, sa'an nan yiwuwa ka sami kanka a Arewa iyakacin duniya. Ga rana ga watanni shida da ke bayan sararin sama, sa'an nan da wannan lambar ba boye. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi sananne fasali na arewacin duniya. Sunan "Arctic" ya zo daga kalmar Helenanci, wanda aka a baya kaddamarda da ƙungiyar taurari Ursa Major. Bold navigators da explorers lured da m ƙasar rufe da haske kankara hula da kuma teku da ban mamaki fauna. Exerting wani fifiko a kokarin da kuma nuna da gaske m nufin, da masu bincike koma kusa da Arewa iyakacin duniya. Open yankunan, rairayin bakin teku da kuma teku maps.

Da bambance-bambance tsakanin Arctic da Antarctica bayyanannu a cikin mataki na karkara daga Rasha kan iyaka. Arewa da kuma ƙasa ruwa mai arziki a cikin ma'adanai, tsakanin wanda hydrocarbons, nonferrous karfe, lu'u-lu'u, da sauransu. Duk da haka, ci gaban da adibas ne wuya saboda wuya yanayin damina. Kananan mutanen Arewa domin da yawa ƙarni sun saba da na gida yanayi. Suna zaune, yin kamun kifi na gargajiya - farauta, kama kifi da kuma barewa kiwo.

Arctic Weather

Man ne a hankali sa idanu da yanayi a yankin. Bambance-bambance tsakanin Arctic da Antarctica ne kusan ganuwa a cikin wannan al'amari. weather lura ne da muhimmanci, saboda generated yanayi matakai da shafi dukan duniya a wadannan latitudes.

Arctic sauyin yanayi ne matsananci: ko a cikin warmer watanni, da iska mai tsanani da aka kusan sifili zazzabi. A snow cover bai bar kusan ba. Rajista akwai ci gaba da high iskõki. The aiki na Arewa Sea Route aka bayar da data kasance iyakacin duniya tashoshin, rarraba a ko'ina tare da gaba da kuma tsibiran.

Iyakoki na Arctic

Samun amsar wannan tambaya na da bambanci tsakanin Arctic daga Antarctic, ya jagoranci masana kimiyya gudanar da bincike su a hankali. A farko daga cikin wadannan hada da matsananci iyakacin duniya yankuna na Eurasia da kuma Arewacin Amirka, kazalika da Arctic Ocean da yawa tsibirin. Banda daga wannan yanki ne kawai ƙasar a cikin teku, kusa da Scandinavia.

A kudancin iyaka da Arctic yankin yayi dace da na tundra zone. Miliyan 27 km ² - game da girman da shi, wanda shi ne sau da yawa ya fi yadda Turai ƙasa. Idan ya yi iyaka da Arctic da suke ciyarwa a kan Arctic Circle (wani lokacin masana kimiyya yi), sa'an nan da wuri zai zama miliyan 6 km ² kasa.

Nature na Arctic

The girma ganiya na Arctic, Mr. McKinley, shi ne a kan Arewacin Nahiyar Amirka, rufinta ne fiye da 6 km. Glaciers a cikin wannan halitta yanki da ake samu ba kawai a kan dutse fi, amma kuma a kan surface tekuna. Su gefuna for daban-daban dalilai raba kashe, forming babbar clumps - icebergs. Sun shiga wani hali ekweita, kore ta iskõki da igiyoyin.

Ganin darajarsa garin kankara ƙuƙumma Arctic tsibiran: suna da wani nau'i na yau da kullum da domes, gangara ne m. Ɓangare na tsibirin, free daga kankara, daukan wani iyakacin duniya hamada - m boulders da kuma juji. A band tare da bakin tekun na Arctic Ocean ne shagaltar da tundra. A wannan yankin, da yawa na swamps, a matsayin permafrost thaws kawai dan kadan a lokacin bazara lokaci.

Akwai da yawa tabkuna, da most of wanda aka located a cikin Taimyr Larabawa da Kola.

A Flora da fauna na Arctic

Ciyayi a kan dutse placers matalauta. Dalili na lichens. Lokaci-lokaci za ka iya saduwa da kuma flowering shuke-shuke: buttercups, iyakacin duniya poppies da ciyawa kuropatochyu. Daga cikin Willow itatuwa ne ba a Birch kuma Dwarf siffofin. Su tsawo ba ya wuce 'yan santimita.

Taimyr da Kola Larabawa a lokacin rani zauna mazauna na ducks da geese. Animals na Arctic sauyin yanayi ne na musamman, domin akwai babban adadin musamman jinsunan. Walruses, iyakacin duniya beyar, narwhal, like, da dai sauransu, an kẽwaye su da Arctic Ocean kankara.

Tundra sanaki iyakacin duniya Wolves, Foxes da kuma Arctic lemming. The m cliffs na tsibirin da aka zaba ta hanyar giant tsuntsu mazauna, lambobi a cikin daruruwan dubbai. Kowane jinsi bautar wani daidaiton matsayi tsakanin sauran. A Rasha, da dabbobi na Arctic an kare doka.

Antarctica

Bambance-bambance tsakanin Arctic da Antarctica saboda gaskiyar cewa karshen suna located a Kudu iyakacin duniya na Duniya, yayin da na farko - a Arewa. Bugu da kari ga eponymous nahiyar, shi ya hada sassa na uku tekuna kewaye da tsibiran: India, Atlantic da kuma Pacific. Area ɓangaren duniya game da miliyan 14 kilomita ^2, yayin da Antarctica kusan sau 4 ta m. Babu wani Gwargwadon taimako abubuwa: .. Rivers, duwãtsu, da dai sauransu A nahiyar baki daya rufe kankara harsashi kauri daga 4300 m, a wannan tsararru ne daskarewa saboda game da 90% na dukkan sabo ruwa a duniya. A karkashin wannan sashen dutsen akwai dutsen jeri kuma volcanoes.

Journey ta hanyar da Arctic da Antarctica bukatar wannan kayan aiki da horo, tun biyu sandunan an rufe da kankara. A kudancin nahiyar ne yankunan ba tare da wani gleiser, inda akwai tafkuna.

A Flora da fauna da Antarctica

A daura da sandunan na Duniya ne Arctic da Antarctic, akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin su da kuma nau'in abun da ke ciki na dabba. A bambancin da Flora da fauna ne musamman talakawa. Yanayi ne mai hushi a nan. A yankunan da ƙasa, bã da wani gleiser za a iya samu ne kawai lichens da kuma mosses, kwayoyin da microscopic algae.

A wasu wurare tare da bakin tekun sanaki penguins - ban mamaki tsuntsayen matsananci gefuna. Su ba su iya tashi, da kuma tafi ba sosai m, amma m iyo.

A kewaye da teku zaune nahiyar, wasu jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma kifi. Antarctica bã tãre da kan iyakoki, da kuma ba shi da wani m yawan jama'a. A baya, shi ne wani ɓangare na wani guda nahiyar - Gondwana. Daga Antarctica m tafi a kan lokaci, da kuma shi da aka kewaye da sanyi teku halin yanzu da cewa akwai wannan rana. Ana rinjayar da dukan kauri daga cikin Oceanic ruwa, hana shiga zuwa kudancin nahiyar dumi Equatorial ruwaye.

Wannan ya kwarara ba karya da kankara taro a nahiyar, wanda robs da Earth manyan adadin thermal makamashi. Saboda wannan sabon abu a kan wannan duniya tamu akwai daban-daban climatic zones, wanda ya ba impetus ga flourishing duk siffofin nazarin halittu bambancin.

Mene ne daban-daban daga cikin Antarctic, Antarctica da Arctic? A karon farko tana nufin wani nahiyar located a Kudu iyakacin duniya. Na biyu - a mafi m da ya hada da, ban da babban yankin, har ma da m ruwan uku tekuna. The uku ra'ayi - duniya ta teku yanki kusa da Arewa iyakacin duniya na Duniya. Duk da yarjajjeniyar, wadannan uku sharuddan nufi da bangarori daban-daban na duniya tamu.

Arctic da Antarctica: bambance-bambance da kuma kamance

Tsakanin wadannan yankuna akwai wasu kamance:

• An rufe tare da wani lokacin farin ciki Layer kankara.
• Aƙalla guda zazzabi yanayi.
• Akwai irin wannan nau'i na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.
• Mosses da lichens girma.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin Arctic da Antarctica, za a iya bayyana a cikin wadannan theses:

• Arctic - Duniya Ocean yankin, da kuma Antarctica - a nahiyar.
• A farko yanki ne kusan sau 2 mafi girma fiye da karshen.
• Arctic Flora aukaka kuma peculiar fauna (da yawa endemic jinsunan) fiye da a cikin Antarctic.