Mallaka Eagle: tsuntsu a hatsarin karewa

Mallaka mikiya - tsuntsu ke tafiya a kusa da yawa Legends: razanarwa sunan ya fita da maki. Amma, abin takaici, ta ne a kan gab da nau'i nau'i. A ko yana yiwuwa su hana nau'i nau'i na musamman jinsunan tsuntsaye, karanta labarin.

Wani sabon irin sokolinoobraznyh

A farkon karni XIX a kan ƙasa na tsarist Rasha ya fara wani m ci gaba da kuma nazari na Aral Sea yankin da kuma matakan Kazakhstan. Lokacin gudanar da bincike a kan tsohon binne mounds kungiyar na tsuntsaye suna gani, irin wannan a cikin bayyanar da zinariya mikiya. Local mutane kira su kawai gaggafa, amma masu bincike, da gano rarrabe siffofin, da gudummawar da raba jinsunan kuma suna da shi "binne".

A Kudu Urals kaji na mallaka gaggafa sun dade da aka girmama da gida mutane, duk da haka, kamar duk mambobi ne na shaho iyali. Bashkirs, Tatars da kuma sauran kasashe na Trans-Volga kuma Ural gaggafa an kare matsayin alfarma tsuntsu, inda suka kira "Burkut".

Mutane da yawa abubuwa dauka daga cikin mutane, amma a zahiri daga Latin sunan wannan nau'in na mikiya Akila heliaca fassara a matsayin "hasken rana mikiya", da kuma a cikin Turanci kasashen shi ne ake kira na mallaka mikiya ( «mallaka Eagle").

mazauninsu

A baza na na sarki mikiya - ba a ko'ina, shi zaune a cikin steppe zone, steppe da kuma gauraye gandun daji na gabashin Rasha da kuma kudancin Siberia. Alama sheƙarsu a Turai da kuma Asiya - to Altai daga Baikal yankin, da Urals, ya gano lokaci-lokaci nesting duk a kan Ukraine, a Kazakhstan, a cikin Caucasus, Mongolia da kuma China.

A duk da matsakaicin taro na hurumi a Gabashin Turai da Asia, wannan tsuntsu zaune a cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa, wanda ya nuna katsewa na mazauninsu.

description

Mallaka mikiya - tsuntsu, wanda a cikin bayyanar shi ne kama da dangi. Amma akwai wani feathered da bayãnin hukuncin fasalin - epaulets, farin faci a kan kafadu. Hotuna tsuntsu binne fayyace a fili wannan bambanci.

Jikin tsawon dabam daga 60 zuwa 84 cm (mace gaggafa yawa ya fi girma fiye da maza). Wingspan a cikin mangaza ne 180-215 cm, wanda shi ne dan kadan baya zuwa kusa da danginku - Golden Eagle, wanda fuka-fuki a lokacin jirgin tsawon na 180-240 cm Weight kaji jeri daga 2.4 kg zuwa 4.5 kg .. Kajin suna haife gashin tsuntsu, launi fari fluff, kawai 5-7 shekara rai daga tsuntsãye saya a rarrabe launi.

Aiki da vocalization

Mallaka mikiya - tsuntsu (bayanin irin bayyanar ba a wannan labarin), wanda shi ne mafi aiki a lokacin da rana. Wannan shi ne saboda da dumi iska igiyoyin cewa ya yale shi ya taso kan ruwa na dogon lokaci, neman ganima.

The hurumi - tsuntsu wanda murya ne kama da vocalizations na sauran gaggafa. Kawai a lokacin kiwo lokacin, ya samar sauti kama wani kare Shusha Barking, kuma a lokacin da gabatowa da yara "croaks."

Abinci mai gina jiki da kuma ciyar da hali

Dalili na fodder hurumi squirrels sa up alƙarya da aka ragewa a kowace shekara. Wannan shi ne saboda ci gaban sabuwar ƙasar feathered. Ya ba sarauta daga gaggafa daga abinci da kuma sauran kananan hakori. Wani lokaci binne izni kansa ko farauta tsuntsaye, manyan al'amurra ne wakilan takaddamarsu da kuma Voronov. Saukake kama ko da sharper hare.

Kamar dukan tsuntsaye masu cin nama, wannan nau'in ba ƙyãmar mũshe gaggafa, wanda ya bayyana da manyan taro na wakilan da shaho a kan tsohon makabartun.

haifuwa

The hurumi - wani tsuntsu wanda yake fara ninka to 5-7 shekaru, da wanda lokaci kammala samartaka da akwai wani canji na plumage. An yi imani da cewa a cikin ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet da irin wannan nesting gaggafa fi son sanya a kan coniferous itatuwa, amma wannan ba gaba ɗaya na gaskiya. Wakilai hawkish farin ciki don koyi sassa na gandun daji-steppe, inda akwai gaban itatuwa fiye da 15 mita. Zabi iya fada a kan kankara, inda akwai lebur dandamali.

1 mace a kowace shekara kayansa mãsu 1 zuwa 3 qwai a kan jinkiri na 'yan kwanaki, mafi sau da yawa shi ne karshen watan Maris, da dukan Afrilu, wani lokacin da haifuwa lokaci na kama da farkon May (dangane da mazauninsu na yankin).

Binne filaye - daya daga cikin 'yan tsuntsu-monogamous. Amma wannan ba su kawai fasalin - kamar wata makabarta a wani m halin da ake ciki ba ya bar gida, wanda a shekara qara a size (ba zinariya mikiya nufin inganta, tun da wakilin ta shaho gida ne da yawa kasa).

Bird binne: yadda za a hana bacewar

Abin baƙin ciki, yawan feathered steadily ragewa, kazalika da yawa wasu na musamman nau'in.

Kamar yadda riga ya bayyana a sama, da hurumi - wani tsuntsu wanda yake sheƙarsu don zaɓar tsayi itatuwa, bada zaɓi ga na fi Pine itatuwa, da wuya settles a kan katako. Duk da haka, akwai wani taro cikinsu yake saran na gandun daji plantations a karshe 25-30 shekaru, wanda ba su maye gurbinsu da sabon plantings, wanda entails a rage nesting wuraren ga tsuntsãye.

Wani dalili da ya sa mangaza a kan hanyar karewa, shi ne don rage filayen, steppes, inda squirrels rayuwa, wadda ne ta babban abinci Madogararsa. A na biyu wuri bayan da hakori a cikin abinci sarkar ne wakilan Raven, wanda kuma rayayye zasu kare ta mutum a matsayin kwaro na amfanin gona.

A dangane da bayanai da aka bayyana a sama ne da wadannan hanyoyi don kula da yawan jama'a na na sarki mikiya:

• support reserves, karkarar sanaki kungiyoyin na binne filaye.
• halittar kan reserves wucin gadi nesting dandamali.
• musayar tsakanin zoos wanda suna da ikon haifar da da yanayi na haifuwa na shaho.
• dauke da fitar muhalli ayyuka a kan tushen da reserves, zoos.
• adana fodder makabartun (gophers da Raven) da samar da reserves.

ƙarshe

Amma, da mazauninsu na na sarki mikiya yawan ne har zuwa 2000 nau'i-nau'i, cewa, shan la'akari da jimlar ƙasar yankin ne ragu. Ajiye mikiya-binne a matsayin jinsin ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan aikin gona da muhalli da manufofin, musamman a kan ci gaban aikin noma: fadada daga makiyaya (manyan ungulates ci tafi da tsayi shuka filayen, kuma low ciyayi dace da rayuwa hakori, wanda a nuna jawo hankalin da yara ), samar da wani dasa bishiyoyi a kusa da filayen.