Mallaka Rasha Army - almara sojojin. Rasha shugabanni da regiments na mallaka Army

Sarari na kasar mu, ta dũkiya da kullum da janyo hankalin da yawa nasara wanda ya nemi ya shafe Rasha a matsayin jihar. Tun farkon kasancewar tsoho ƙauyuka wa yau barazana da mamayewa a kan mu ƙasa ne kullum ba. Amma da Rasha ƙasar yana kare, da tarihi na sojojin kasar mu fara da almara heroes da kuma ya'yan sarakuna ba. Rasha na sarki sojoji, da Red Army na Tarayyar Soviet, da zamani Rasha soja da goyon baya da karfafa daukakar na kasa makamai.

labarin

Formation na yau da kullum da dakarun Rasha ta fara karkashin Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, sun zama tushen da data kasance raka'a, kuma a Royal na birane masu dauke da makamai. Ga wani samfurin dauka Yammacin sojojin kasashen waje iko. "New Army" da aka kafa a kan tushen da conscription, sabis rayuwa ya da wani rai. 18 umarni sun iko da daukar ma'aikata, da horo, da arziki na ƙasar soja raka'a. Sababbu (sa kai) doki sadarwa suna ba kunshe a cikin aikin hukuma lamba, suka hada da Cossacks, Caucasians, Siberians da mutanen Asiya ta tsakiya. Kan aiwatar da dokokin sake fasalin dokokin da sojojin a karshen da XVII karni fara Peter I. Daga wannan lokacin Rasha na mallaka Army ya bi sawun ta tarihi. Bayan tawaye a 1698 a Royal regiments aka wargaza, yawan umarni rage zuwa uku, da aka gudanar da gaggawa janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a. A cewar ta sakamakon, da Rasha sojojin 25 dakaru da kuma 2 dragoons (mahaya) rajimanti, muhimmanci canza tsarin sassan da su management. An halicci "Soja Code", wanda ya shafi horar da sabon recruits, bauta a matsayin abin koyi na Transfiguration da Semenov connection.

tsarin

Peter na biya da yawa da hankali ga bayyana rabo na sojojin a cikin dakaru, manyan bindigogi, dawakan da sojojin ruwa. Wannan tsarin zai yi dukan model na makamai zuwa guda misali, don yin odar kayayyaki ta hanyar halittar manufactories for kwangilolin gwamnati. Mallaka Rasha Army ya karu saboda da rundunar motoci, halitta da farko ta waje injiniyoyi. By 1722 da Army ƙidaya 200 dubu sojoji da jami'an, da Navy aka sanye take da 500 jiragen ruwa (kwale da kuma sailing). All makamai sun daidaita a Turai iri, kafa doki manyan bindigogi, ya bude da farko makarantu da horar da sojoji na. Halitta da Bitrus da "Table of Ranks" shared duk wani nau'i na sojojin ƙasa a kan iznin, a raba naúrar jiragen ruwa. A halin yanzu mataki, wannan rabo da ake amfani a wani modernized form, daidai da bukatun na yau. Bugu da ari gyara daga cikin sojojin da za'ayi wani babban soja shugaban A. V. Suvorovym a karshen da XVIII karni, wata babbar canji a cikin tsarin da kuma management hade da sunan Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II.

tsarin

Fiye da 75% na dakarun sojan regiments aka kafa a kan tushen da jawo ra'ayinsu (lifespan an rage daga rayuwa zuwa shekaru 25), game da 20 -25% - sojan doki. Transcaucasia mutanen Siberia, Central Asia, da aka Ban daga wajibi soja sabis, amma biya da jihar haraji aljihun. Sau da yawa wadannan yankuna bin misali na Cossacks halitta wasannin sa kai regiments da aka ba kunshe a cikin} ididdigar, amma ya dauki wani aiki sashi a ayyukan soji. Jami'an na Rasha na mallaka Army da m aristocratic asalin to 1762, lokacin da ya soma da "Shelar na Liberty." Karkashin Bitrus I, mafi kwamandojin sojan kasar kõma daga cikin sahu na kasashen waje, wannan ya kasance saboda rashin horar gida ma'aikata. Daga baya da suka kafa da sabis da aka ƙayyade daidai da bukatun ci gaba da Bitrus I kansa.

kaya

Peter na da dakarun kasashen waje samuwar aka sanye take daidai da data kasance a Turai a lokacin hadisai da makamai da kuma samar da Prussian model. Kuma haka dai aka sanye take sojojin Prussia, Great Britain, Rasha da kuma Austria. Traditional leggings, cocked huluna, wigs da braids wuya m taro na sojojin da kuma gudun mayar da martani ga barazanar da fama. A farko canji a cikin uniform form fara Birtaniya, wanda ake fuskantar wani daban-daban sauyin yanayi a ayyukan soji a kan ƙasa na nan gaba mazauna. Samar da Rasha na mallaka Army da aka canza da cika fuska a cikin biyu da rabi na XVIII karni. Clothing zama mafi m da kuma sauki. Domin data kasance a lokacin da wata babbar yawan iri soja tsarin 86 takaitaccen siffofi da aka ɓullo da. Mallaka Rasha Army sa tufafin, halittar wanda ya kai tsaye hali a kan shugaban Soja Collegium na jadawali GA Potemkin. Duk da sauki daga cikin siffar an dora tare da ado abubuwa: da lapels stitched canza launin yadudduka, gilded saƙa, bũlãla rikitarwa siffar, hula na wani kwalkwali tsara farati, amma m ga yau da kullum lalacewa da kuma fama yanayi. kayan gyara shafi ba duk iri da sojojin, wasu regiments na Guard sa tufafin da Prussian samfurin zuwa farkon na XIX karni. A nan gaba, da siffar da aka inganta sau da yawa, amma na asali manufa na sake fasalin dokokin da aka dadi saka a peacetime kuma a lokacin yaki.

kafada madauri

Legends ya samu ba kawai a tarihin yawa sojojin raka'a, amma kuma abubuwa na kaya. Hanya madauri fada cikin wannan rukuni, ko da yake ta aikace-aikace ne quite sauki, kuma yana da wata hujja m manufar. Kayan karo na farko da wannan kashi da ake amfani a lokacin Peter I. Hanya madauri ne a haɗe zuwa hannun riga kabu, kuma yana da wata clip-on bawul. Its main aiki ne zuwa Dutsen da jakar, wanda Stores dole abubuwa da soja da kuma harsasai. Artillerymen, shugabanni da troopers na lokaci bai lalacewa kafada madauri, bai zama tilas. Alexander I, a aiwatar da dokokin sake fasalin dokokin da sojojin, wani yunkurin da aka yi don amfani da madauri a matsayin bayãnin maki tsakanin jami'an da daraja da kuma fayil. A wannan lokacin, da suka zama ba kawai wani alamar bambanci, amma kuma wani ado kashi a cikin tsari wanda aka ƙawãta da arziki kõre da mai walƙiya, kuma sakar. Epaulettes Rasha na mallaka Army a cikin XIX karni ne ganewa mark. By su launi, amfani monogram iya gane iri sojojin, da rajimanti da daraja na kowane soja. Mass janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a a lokacin yakin duniya na farko wuya da tsari, kara yawan raka'a, bi da bi, ya karu da yawan lambobi da kuma haruffa a kafada madauri, wanda sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa rikice. A saurã daga cikin mallaka Army, suka yi yaƙi bayan 1917 a matsayin fata, ya ɗauki siffar wani tilas samfurin madauri aka yi amfani a matsayin kayan ado uniform da wuya tabbatar da yarda da tsarin a cikin Rasha Empire.

soja raka'a

A lokacin da Bitrus da Rasha na mallaka Army regiments haifa sunan kwamandan. A farko togiya ya Semenov da Preobrazhensky mahadi da cewa an kira daga kauye samar da kauye. Daga baya sojojin runduna aka kira a cikin girmamawa ga Rasha birane, tare da rajimanti aka ba kafa, kuma ba ko da tushen a cikin kauye, sunansa shi bears. Sashe na daga cikin raka'a aka mai suna "chefs", kamar yadda irin wannan, sun, kamar yadda mai mulkin, 'yan gidan sarauta. Irin wannan shelves da rarrabe fasali a cikin tufafi, da kayan ado da musamman alamomi da bambance-bambance. Saukake tsarin na zane-zane da na soja raka'a aka gabatar a cikin tsawon Alexander fadar sojojin garambawul. Su sunayen dace da wuri na samuwar assigning serial lambobi. A nan gaba, lambobin yabo da lakabi samu ga nasara aiki ya zama wani ɓangare na sunan rajimanti.

ƙarfi

A farkon karni XX Rasha na sarki sojojin shi ne mafi girma a Turai. Gaba Staff ne shugaban administrative jiki. Conscription da aka soke a 1874, shi aka maye gurbinsu da wani tsarin vsesoslovnoy conscription. A sabis kira a duk maza shekaru 21 na shekaru, lokaci na sabis don Army ya 6 shekaru a cikin Navy - 7. Bayan kammala m horo sojoji tafi zuwa ga ajiye domin lokaci daga 9 zuwa 3 years. A cikin hali na wani janar janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a na reservists zama na farko da ya tsara a cikin sojojin. Kamar yadda wani kaso na jama'ar na Rasha sojojin iya shirin yaqi a wartime 2.5%. A cikakkar sharuddan, wannan da nawa ya game miliyan 3 da sojoji da jami'an. Tare da ci gaban da art na na sarki sojojin bayansa da jirgin sama, tank, mota da kuma jirgin sojojin.

Ɗaukakar Rasha makamai

Soja kuma nasarorin da kasawa tare da wani kwamandan. A wannan batun, da Rasha, na sarki sojojin - almara sojojin sunayen Suvorov, Kutuzov MI, Ushakova JJu, PS Nakhimov, Davydov DV Su ne synonymous tare da heroism da kuma ƙarfin hali. Great generals bar sunansa a cikin tarihi na duniya da kuma ta daraja na Rasha makamai. Bayan da rushe mallaka Army a 1918, tarihin halittarsa, kasancewar, nasarori da kuma kashi fassara a cikin taqaitaccen nau'i. Amma shi ya ƙunshi wani m kwarewa da yawa, cewa dole ne ka yi la'akari da zamani jami'an soja da kuma shugaban.