Masana kimiyya sun karo na farko yanke shawarar shirya da kwayoyin na zamanin d Afrika

Masana kimiyya yanke shawarar streamline da kwayoyin na mutane da suka rayu a Afirka dubban shekaru da suka wuce, kamar yadda wannan zai taimaka wajen zubar da haske a kan mu asalin.

Game da farkon na binciken da aka sanar makon da ya gabata a taronsu na shekara na Society for kwayoyin Biology da Evolution. Da masu bincike yayi nazari da kwayoyin na 15 tsoho mutane da suka rayu game da 6000 da suka wuce a gabashin da kudancin nahiyar Afrika.

A kayyade sawun na zamanin d Afrika

Kamar yadda ka sani, Afirka shi ne wani wuri inda mutane suka fara yada a duniya game da 50,000 da suka wuce. Kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar mujallar Science, a cikin wannan yankin, mutane ne ma mafi genetically bambancin. Duk da haka, da isowa a nan shekaru 2,000 da suka wuce, farkon mutane, da aka sani da Bantu, wanda aka tsunduma a aikin noma, suka hallakar da yawa daga cikin kwayoyin burbushi na farkon Afrika a yankin.

Tun daga nan, masana kimiyya sun kasance iya jerin daya kawai gene na wani tsoho Afirka - Habasha, wanda shekaru ne 4500 shekaru. Yanzu Fantas Skoglund daga Harvard University tattara da DNA na 15 Afrika, wanda ya rayu daga 500 zuwa 6000 da suka wuce.

Matsalolin a karatu DNA

A mujallar Nature ce da tsoho Afirka DNA da wuya a nazarin saboda gaskiyar cewa shi ya kasance a ƙarƙashin rinjayar bad sauyin yanayi a kasar. Bugu da ƙari, wata karuwa a yawan zafin jiki accelerates da wulakanci aiwatar DNA. Duk da haka, masu bincike sun har yanzu iya koyo game da Afirka ta baya, saboda kawar da gurbatawa da gano wani kankanin can cikin kunne ƙasũsuwa, wanda tsoho DNA da aka kyau kiyaye.

A sakamakon aikin masana kimiyya

Sakamakon farko na binciken ya nuna cewa farkon mutane tafiya a fadin nahiyar yawa fiye da masana kimiyya a baya tsammani. Alal misali, ga alama cewa Afirka ta Kudu iya balle daga Western 'yan shekara dubu da suka wuce.

Na biyu binciken, gudanar da Carina Schlebusch daga Uppsala University a Sweden, aka kuma yi nazarin DNA na zamanin d Afrika. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa kwayoyin na zamani Afirka manoman dauke DNA Bantu.

Janar zuriyarsu

Bugu da kari, a farkon wannan makon akwai wani binciken, wanda ya nuna cewa mutane da kuma kwatanta iya ko ta yaya mu'amala fiye da 270 shekara dubu da suka wuce. Wadannan binciken fenti mai ban mamaki da sabon ra'ayi na yadda mu jinsin mu'amala.

"Tare da kowane sabon binciken, muna ƙara sanin cewa juyin tarihi na zamani da kuma tsaoho mutane da yawa fiye da wuya mu yi tunani shekaru 10 da suka wuce," - ya ce co-marubucin Fernando Rasim na Cibiyar Nazarin kwayoyin a New York. Wadannan da suka gabata binciken tabbatar da sake da ra'ayin cewa da yawa daga cikin tsoho mutane da na kowa zuriyarsa.