Mene ne a kai-a hoto art?

Ga mutane da yawa ƙarni, mutane sun aikata da kuma cimma Heights a gani zane-zane, kawo abin da ido gani da kuma ji da rai, a kan dutse, da zane. Mutummutumai na sarakuna da mahukunta, mutane da suka rayu a zamanin da, zana rubutu, fentin ganuwar, zane-zane, ko da kogon zane-zane kai mu koma ga m da kuma ba ka damar jiƙa har ilmi ya tara su na shekaru dubbai. Wadannan ayyukan art da ake taimaka masana kimiyya da sake gina tarihin mu duniya, fiye da sanin ilimin halin dan Adam na mutum da ci gaba.

Art a matsayin wani ɓangare na rayuwa

Dabi'ar mutum ne yiwuwa ga son sani, sau da yawa mutane suna tambayar yawa tambayoyi game da iri da kuma nau'o'i na art. Mutane da yawa mutane suna so su koyi sababbin abubuwa, daga yadda ma'adanin aka ɗauki cikinsa zuwa ga amsa tambayoyin "Abin da yake a kai-hoto?" Kuma "yadda da sassaka da aka halitta?". Amma ya kamata mu fara da kananan, a hankali gano amsoshin.

art siffofin

Daga cikin iri art suke da daraja:

• zanen.
• sassaka.
• photo.
• graphics.
• arts da sana'o'i.

Nau'o'i na Fine Arts

Kowane art nau'i na da nau'o'i kamar hoto, wuri mai faɗi da kuma har yanzu rayuwa zanen. Daga cikin nau'o'i da ma saki wasu: tarihi, m, da kamã da jũna, mythological, yau da kullum, yaƙi (soja), addini. Duk wadannan siffofin art hada yawa iri, misali a cikin Genre na wuri mai faɗi - marinistika, image na teku. Hoto ya shafi babban adadin iri: tarihi, addini, kaya, kuma a kai-hoto.

Kai - hoto Genre asiri

Kai - shi ne ba kawai wani salo na art. Shi ne samuwa da kuma masu kida, marubuta, kasida. Amsa tambaya, abin da yake a kai-hoto a cikin art, shi ya kamata a fahimci cewa abu na Genre ta'allaka ne da bin kai-da ilmi ba, kyan gani, daga gefe a kan kansa "I". Kusan duk wani aiki da ka iya nuna hali, da kuma cewa za a dangana ga aikin wannan salo. Yana da wuya a amsa tambaya "Wane ne kai-hoto?". A definition wannan salo ne ba haka sauki kamar yadda alama. Amsar wannan mai sauki, amma a lokaci guda tare da wannan hadaddun batun shi ne a sami cikin Sanadin irin wannan aiki.

Kai - image ne marubucin kansa. Sabanin rare ra'ayi, ba kawai a Genre na zanen, amma kuma sassaka, graphics da kuma daukar hoto. Sau da yawa, mawallafa, portraying kansa a kan zane ko sassaƙa na dutse, ta amfani da madubi, shi ba har sai da fitowan da tartsatsi kyamarori. Bayan haka, ƙirƙirar kai-hoto sanya shi ya fi sauƙi, shi ya isa ya yaba da kansu da kuma aiki a kan hotuna. Wasu shugabannin sun yanke shawarar kada ya je ya zuwa yanzu kamar yadda wani tsaka-tsaki mataki na photographing ne kuma ya juya a cikin wani art form.

Mene ne a kai-hoto

Art masana tarihi sun dogon nemi da karatu amsa tambayar "Mene ne a kai-hoto?". Wannan lokaci da aka hada da sassa biyu: "auto", wanda yake nufin "marubucin" da "hoto" - image na wani mutum. Wadannan artists ko da yaushe sa a cikin su aiki rai, wahayi, kuma sunã nẽman ta kai ga jama'a ba kawai a gani image, amma sũ ne suka yi tunani da kuma ji. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, a kai-hoto - wani hoto, wanda nuna kansu artists da sassaka. Sa'ad da mutum ya fa, tã yi da kansa, ya yi ƙoƙari ya canja a kan abu ba kawai ya dubi, fuska fasali da kuma jiki abun da ke ciki, ya yi ƙoƙari ya ba siffarsa na da wani mutum. Sananne ne cewa ba mu ganin ta gani kamar yadda suka gan shi daga sauran. Kuma da artist, kuma sculptor, yaba da kansa tare da sauran, mafi m gefe, kwatanta kansa a matsayin da ya gani. Wannan al'amari ya ba da damar ba kawai don a ji dadin Masterpieces daga cikin shahararrun m mutane, amma kuma domin tantance aiki daga wani m ra'ayi.

Nau'in na kai-hoto a zanen

A search na da amsa ga tambayar, abin da yake kai-hoto a zanen, mun tũba zuwa ta iri.

Toshe-a kai-hoto ne aikin a cikin abin da artist sanya kansa a cikin wani rukuni na mutane a cikin hoton, sau da yawa starring a cikinsa.

A cikin ƙungiyar da artist paints kansa a matsayin tsakanin 'yan mutane, amma su ne danginsa, ko abokai, da kuma aiki da kanta da aka tsara don adana da lokacin rayuwa.

M kai-hoto za a iya kafa a cikin tarihi Genre mythological ko kaya. Author hoto ƙara da fasali na fuskarsa hali tarihi ko yaren, ko kuma kawai "disguises" da kansa a cikin daban-daban tufafi.

The halitta kai-hoto daga cikin mafi kusa ga asali. A da shi da artist siffanta shi kadai a cikin gida, ko kuma aikin yanayi.

The halitta kai-hoto kuma zuwa kashi da dama iri:

• Professional - da artist, dake nuna kansa ga aikin a cikin studio.
• Hali - da canja wurin da marubucin na hoto na matsayin tunaninsa, ba sha'awar nuna bayyanar da motsin zuciyarmu.
• Batsa.

Psychology kai-hoto

Kai - da kima na wani hali artist. Na farko da aikin wannan salo kwanan rana zuwa 420th BC, ambatar su samu a cikin tarihin na zamanin d Girka da kuma Misira. Amma sai da mawallafa ba individualized kansu, su kusantar da muhimmanci tarihi, da kuma sa kansa a cikin hoto a matsayin wani ɓangare na labarin. Sau da yawa, shi ne ba ya gana da fahimtar masu sauraro. Saboda haka, sculptor Phidias a lokaci Zagayawar kansa daga cikin mahalarta a cikin "Battle na Amazons", wanda, kamar yadda muka gani, bayan da tsoho Greek Falsafa Plutarch, shi ne a audacity. A mafi mashahuri ne da Genre samu a lokacin Renaissance, amma ko da daga baya haifar da gunki na kansa aka dauke eccentric, saboda irin ayyukan a lokacin da aka daukarsa narcissistic. Masu sun bayar da hujjar cewa marubuta immortalized kansu saboda daukaka.

Creative mutum yana zaton daban, don haka yana da gaskiya da cewa, daga wani m ra'ayi na wani artist ko sculptor ne daban-daban daga cikin sauran. A tarihin akwai lokatan artists suka sha wahala daga neurological da tabin hankali cututtuka. Kai hotuna, wanda aka yi da su, binciken ne har yanzu a search na warware asirin mutum.

A zamanin d art daga wadannan ayyukan da aka ba su ba yawa muhimmancin, amma a na gaba karni aka gano manufar artists - tuna ba kawai ya kama amma kuma cikin sirri abubuwan da waɗanda sau. Alal misali, a lokacin da mafi girma da tashin hankali da ya taso a cikin mutane wani addini, marubucin ya wadãtu da mafi dace su nuna kansu a tuba, ruhaniya ɗammãni, da salla.

A cikin Renaissance, da al'adu Yuan, da aikin shahara artists fara daukar m fasali. Yana bayyana a cikin ayyukansu da yawa wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wani tunanin abubuwan. Michelangelo ya ba da siffofin fuskarsa mask, da fata an cire daga zunubi, da kuma warware shugaban Goliath.

Mafi mashahuri kai-hotuna

Na tabbata da yawa zo damu da sanannun kai-hotuna da zane-zane kamar Leonardo Vinci, Van Gogh da Frida Kahlo. A tarihin zane-zane, yana da daruruwan marubuta da suka bar wani memory na kansa a cikin zanen, rubuta nasu hotuna. Albrecht Dürer ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko artists da suka zaba kai-hoto Genre a matsayin tsakiyar zuwa ga aiki. Ya rubuta 50 ayyukansu tare da image. Duk da haka, Frida Kahlo ya sata da shi na dabino da yawan kai-hotuna halitta ta lissafi na 55. Wani lokaci rikodin ga zanen tare da naka images hada Rembrandt. Da ayyukan da wannan salo, akwai game da 90 guda. Mafi yawansu, duk da haka, an zahiri yi ta sauran artists da kuma zane-zane wuce yarda da kananan size (da karami na su - 17 da 20 cm).

Italian artists Giotto, Botticelli Mazzacho da kuma hada naka hotuna a aikinsu. Ko da shawarar cewa shahara zanen da Leonardo Vinci ta "Mona Lisa" ne ma a kai-hoto na master, amma a cikin mace jiki.

Sculptural hotuna asusu domin ba yawa, m da ya haifar da su a cikin rãyuwar lokaci. Daya daga cikin shahararrun sculptors dauke a matsayin Marc Quinn, wanda Ya halitta jerin sculptures depicting marubucin da kuma Konenkov Sergey, wanda aikin za a iya gani a Tretyakov Gallery.

Kai-hoto - shi ne ba kawai da halitta da kanta daga wani dutse, ko ta wurin mayar da Paint uwa da zane, amma kuma da Genre na daukar hoto. The rare sunan a cikin wannan salo shi ne saba wa da yawa - ko hoto "photo da kanta," sanya tare da wani hannu ko wani madubi.